ὀφθαλμός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, (<b class="b3">ὄπωπ-α, ὀφ-θῆναι</b>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> v. [[ὄψ]] B) [[eye]], used by Hom. and Hes. mostly in pl.; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ' ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν . . ἀτρέμας ἐν βλεφάροισι <span class="bibl">Od.19.211</span>: sg., <b class="b3">παίειν τινὰ ἐς τὸν ὀ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.22</span>: the pl. continued most common, but the dual also occurs, as in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>362</span>: pl. is used in many phrases, <b class="b3">ἐλθέμεν ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος</b> before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.204</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδ' Ἀχιλῆος ὀφθαλμοὺς εἴσειμι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">463</span>; <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδεῖν, ὁρᾶσθαι</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">10.275</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.47</span>, etc.; but <b class="b3">ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν, νοεῖν</b>, to see before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">8.459</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.24.312</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχειν ἐν ὀ</b>. to have before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.5.29</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν ὀ</b>. what is before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>174c</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἐν τοῖς ὀ. δὴ γελοῖον</b> what was ridiculous [[to the eye]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>452d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπίπροσθε τῶν ὀ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>213a</span>; πρὸ τῶν ὀ. προφαίνεσθαι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.148</span>; ἐπ' ὀφθαλμῶν <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Tox.</span>20</span>; <b class="b3">γενέσθαι τινὶ ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν</b> to get out of any one's [[sight]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.106</span>; ἐξ ὀ. ἀποπέμψασθαι <span class="bibl">Id.1.120</span>; ἐξ ὀ. ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Alciphr. 3.20</span>; <b class="b3">κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς λέγειν τινί</b> to tell one [[to one's face]], opp. <b class="b3">εἰς οὖς</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>626</span>; <b class="b3">τυράννου κατ' ὀ. κατηγορεῖν</b> to accuse him to his [[face]], <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Hier.</span>1.14</span>: sg. in the phrase <b class="b3">πρὸς ὀφθαλμὸν ἐπιχεῖν, μίσγειν</b>, [[by eye]], PHolm.7.23, <span class="title">PLeid.X.</span>62; [[eyes]] were painted on the bows of vessels, βλοσυροῖς κατὰ πρῷραν ὀφθαλμοῖς οἷον βλέπει <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>1.19</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>22.1607.24, <span class="bibl">Poll.1.86</span>; whence the joke in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>97</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">στέρησις ὀφθαλμῶν</b> temporary loss of [[sight]], Gal.17(1).400. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in sg., [[the eye]] of a master or ruler, <b class="b3">πάντα ἰδὼν Διὸς ὀ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>267</span>; Δίκης ὀ. ὃς τὰ πάνθ' ὁρᾷ <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span>179</span>; δεσπότου ὀ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>12.20</span>; <b class="b3">ἀκοίμητος ὀ</b>., of God, <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>3</span>; so a king is called ὀ. οἴκων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>934</span> (so ὄμμα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span> 169</span>); and in Persia <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμὸς βασιλέως</b> [[the king's eye]] was a confidential officer, through whom he beheld his kingdom and subjects, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>979</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.114</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>92</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.2.10</span> sq., <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1287b29</span>, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.642</span>; cf. [[οὖς]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[the eye of heaven]], <b class="b3">ἑσπέρας ὀ., νυκτὸς ὀ</b>., of the moon, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.20</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>390</span>; also <b class="b3">οὐράνιος ὀ</b>., of the sun, <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[the dearest]], [[best]], as the eye is the most precious part of the body, hence of men, <b class="b3">ὀ. Σικελίας, στρατιᾶς</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">6.16</span>; also, [[light]], [[cheer]], [[comfort]], μέγας &lt;γ'&gt; ὀ. οἱ πατρὸς τάφοι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 987</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>406</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[eye]] or [[bud]] of a plant or tree, <span class="bibl">Alcm.43</span>, Ion Eleg.<span class="bibl">1.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Puer.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span> 19.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>1.8.5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> [[a surgical bandage covering one or both eyes]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Off.</span>7</span>, Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib. 48.29</span>,<span class="bibl">30</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> Archit., in dual, the [[disks]] forming the centres of the volutes of an Ionic capital, <span class="title">IG</span>12.374.291.</span>