δύναμαι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[be able]], [[be equal]], [[be equivalent]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. [[δυνήσασθαι]], [[δυνασθῆναι]] (Il.), [[δυνηθῆναι]] (trag.), fut. [[δυνήσομαι]] (Od.), perf. [[δεδύνημαι]] (Att.)<br />Derivatives: [[δύναμις]] f. [[strength]], [[power]] (Il.; cf. [[θέμις]] and below) with [[δυναμικός]] [[powerful]], [[effective]] (hell. and late), [[δυναμερός]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (medic.), [[δυναμοστόν]] a fraction (Dioph.); [[δυναμόω]] [[make strong]] (hell. and late), with [[δυνάμωσις]], [[δυναμωτικός]], [[δύνασις]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pi.). [[δυνάστης]] m. [[lord]], [[master]] (ion.-att.) with [[δυναστικός]] (Arist.), [[δυναστεύω]] (Ion.-Att.), with [[δυναστεία]], [[δυνάστευμα]], [[δυναστευτικός]]; f. [[δυνάστις]] (Demetr. Eloc.), [[δυνάστειρα]] (Tab. Defix. Aud. IIIp). [[δυνάστωρ]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (E. IA 280 [lyr.]). Verbal adj. [[δυνατός]] <b class="b2">potens, able; possible</b> (Sapph.,) with [[δυνατέω]] [[be strong]] (2 Ep. Kor. 13, 3); [[δυνητικός]] [[potential]] (A. D.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Prob. <b class="b3">δύ-ν-αμαι</b>, a present with nasal infix, which was generalized: <b class="b3">δυ-ν-ά-σθην</b> for <b class="b3">*δυά-σθην</b> (cf. [[λίναμαι]] : [[λιάσθην]]), <b class="b3">δυ-ν-ήσομαι</b> for <b class="b3">*δυή-σομαι</b> etc., and in nouns [[δύναμις]] etc. An inorganic <b class="b3">-σ-</b> in: <b class="b3">δυνά-σ-θην</b>, <b class="b3">δυνά-σ-της</b>. The disyllabic root <b class="b3">δϜα-</b> formally agrees with that of <b class="b3">δ(Ϝ)ά-ν</b>, <b class="b3">δ(Ϝ)α-ρός</b> (s. [[δήν]], [[δηρός]]), but semantically a connection is difficult. - Cret. [[νύναμαι]] (Gortyn) must be the same word. It may be due simply to assimilation. Hell. [[δύνομαι]] is a thematic re-formation. - Details in Schwyzer 495 n. 5, 693 w. n. 5, 762; cf Frisk Eranos 43, 223 w. n. 3.