λευγαλέος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">wretched, unhappy, sore, baneful etc.</b> (Il.). -<br />Derivatives: [[λυγρός]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il.). Parallel to <b class="b3">λευγ-αλέος</b> : <b class="b3">λυγ-ρός</b> are <b class="b3">ἐρευθ-αλέος</b> (late) : <b class="b3">ἐρυθ-ρός</b>; [[λευγαλέος]] is isolated and archaic; from a noun ? (<b class="b3">*λεῦγος</b> like [[ἔρευθος]]?; cf. <b class="b3">ἀργ-αλέος</b> : [[ἄλγος]], <b class="b3">θαρσ-αλέος</b> : [[θάρσος]] a. o., Schwyzer 484; or from an old <b class="b2">l-</b>stem?); [[λυγρός]] is also isolated (perh. from a primary verb, s. below).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [686] <b class="b2">*leuǵ-</b> [[break]]<br />Etymology: The Greek adj. have in the other languages no directe agreement but several cognate forms, of which Lat. [[lūgeō]] [[be sad]] is semantically closest; it can be understood as an iterative-intensive secondary formation or as a denomin. (: <b class="b2">*lūgus</b> < IE <b class="b2">*lougo-s</b> m. beside <b class="b3">*λεῦγος</b> < IE <b class="b2">*leugos-</b> n.; also in [[lūgubris]] ?). -Behind the psychic representations of sadness and unhappiness in [[lūgeō]], [[λευγαλέος]], [[λυγρός]] there were no doubt terms for the outward expressions of these feelings (cf. Ernout-Meillet s. [[lūgeō]]); thus one finds connection with some primary verbs for <b class="b2">breach a. o.</b>: Skt. <b class="b2">rujáti</b> [[break]], [[torment]], Lith. <b class="b2">lū́ž-ti</b> [[break]] (intr.; <b class="b2">širdìs lúžta</b> [[the heart breaks]]), OHG [[liohhan]] [[tear]], [[draw]] (but Arm. [[lucanem]] [[make loose]] rather with Meillet BSL 26. 4 to [[λύω]], s. d.). - Further forms (for Greek unimportant) in WP. 2, 412f., Pok. 686, W.-Hofmann s. [[lūgeō]], Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">láužti</b>. - On [[ἀλυκτοπέδη]] s. v.