θερμός: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[warm]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Often as 1, member, e. g. <b class="b3">Θερμο-πύλαι</b> (Hdt.; s. Risch IF 59, 267). On <b class="b3">ἄ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔν-θερμος</b> etc. s. below on [[θέρμη]] and [[θερμαίνω]].<br />Derivatives: A. Substantives. 1. [[θέρμη]], also <b class="b3">-μα</b> (s, Schwyzer 476 n. 2, Chantraine Formation 102 and 148) f. [[warmth]], [[heat]], [[heat of fever]] (IA) with <b class="b3">ἄ-θερμος</b> [[without warmth]] (Frisk Adj. priv. 11), <b class="b3">ἔν-θερμος</b> [[with warmth inside]], [[warm]] (Strömberg Greek Prefix Studies 95); [[θερμίζω]] [[be feverish]] (Euboea). 2. [[θερμότης]] [[warmth]], [[heat]] (IA). 3. [[θερμωλή]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp.; Frisk Eranos 41, 52). 4. <b class="b3">θερμέλη ἡ θέρμη</b> Suid. (Strömberg Wortstudien 79). 5. [[θέρμασσα]] = [[κάμινος]] (Hdn. Gr. 1, 267; formation unclear, cf. Schwyzer 525f., Müller-Graupa Glotta 31, 129). - B. Adjectives: 1. [[θερμώδης]] [[lukewarm]] (Aret.); here [[Θερμώδων]], <b class="b3">-οντος</b> river name (Boeotia, Pontos; s. Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforschung 2, 236; 3, 162). 2. [[θερμηρός]] adjunct of [[ποτήριον]] (H. s. [[κελέβη]]; to [[θέρμη]]?). - C. Verbs: 1. [[θέρμετο]] ipf. [[became warm]] (Il.), [[θέρμετε]] ipv. <b class="b2">warmeth!</b> (θ 426; after it Ar. Ra. 1339); on the formation cf. Schwyzer 722f. 2. [[θερμαίνω]], aor. [[θερμῆναι]] [[warm]] (Il.), often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐκ-θερμαίνω</b> [[warm completely]] (Hp., Arist.) with postverbal [[ἔκθερμος]] [[very hot]] (Vett. Val.); from there [[θέρμανσις]] [[heating]] (Arist.) with [[θερμαντικός]] [[fit to make warm]] (Pl., Arist.), [[θερμασία]] [[heating]], [[warmth]] (Hp., Arist.; cf. Schwyzer 469), [[θέρμασμα]] [[warming cuff]] (medic.; s. Chantraine Formation 176), [[θερμάστρα]] s. [[θερμάζω]]; [[θερμαντήρ]] "warmer", [[kettle to cook water]] (Poll.) with [[θερμαντήριος]] [[warming]] (Hp., inscr.). 3. [[θερμάζω]] <b class="b2">id.</b> only aor. opt. med. [[θερμάσσαιο]] (Nic. Al. 587) with [[θερμάστρα]] f. [[furnace]] (Call.; also to [[θερμαίνω]]); also [[θερμαύστρα]] written through confusion with [[θερμαυστρίς]] (<b class="b3">θέρμ-</b>) [[fire-tongs]] (Arist., H.), cf. <b class="b3">πυρ-αύστρα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> ([[αὔειν]] [[bring fire]]); also metaph. as name of a dance (Poll., Ath.) with [[θερμαυστρίζω]] (Critias, Luc.); from [[θερμάστρα]]: [[θερμαστρίς]] (<b class="b3">θέρμ-</b>) = [[θερμαντήρ]] (Eup., LXX); the forms in <b class="b3">-αστρ-</b>, <b class="b3">-αυστρ-</b> are not regularly distinguished, cf. Schulze Kl. Schr. 189 w. n. 6; through dissimilation [[θέρμαστις]] meaning unclear (Attica IVa) with [[θερμάστιον]] (Aen. Tact.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [493] <b class="b2">*gʷʰermo-</b> [[warm]]<br />Etymology: Inherited adjective, identical with Arm. <b class="b2">ǰerm</b> [[warm]], Thrak.-Phryg. <b class="b2">germo-</b> (in GN, e.g. [[Γέρμη]]), IE <b class="b2">*gʷʰermo-</b>; also in substantivized funktion Alb. [[zjarm]], [[zjarr]] [[heat]]. With <b class="b2">o-</b>vocalism, originally substantiv., IE <b class="b2">*gʷʰormo-</b> in Skt. <b class="b2">gharmá-</b> m. [[heat]], OPr. [[gorme]] <b class="b2">id.</b>; sec. also adjectival in Av. <b class="b2">garǝma-</b>, Lat. [[formus]], Germ., e. g. NHG [[warm]] . Uncertain Toch. A <b class="b2">śārme</b> <b class="b2">heat (?)</b>. More forms in W.-Hofmann s. [[formus]], Mayrhofer Wb. s. <b class="b2">gharmáḥ</b>; s. on [[θέρομαι]], [[θέρος]].