μείγνυμι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[mix]], [[bring together]], [[connect]], midd. [[mix with each other]], [[convene in battle]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: (<b class="b3">-μιγ-</b>, s. below; posthom.), <b class="b3">-ύω</b> (X., Arist.), [[μίσγω]] (Hom., IA. usw.), [[ὀνεμείχνυτο]] (Sapph.), aor. [[μεῖξαι]], midd. (ep.) [[μίκτο]] (<b class="b3">σ-</b> or root aor., Schwyzer 751, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 383), pass. [[μιγῆναι]] with fut. <b class="b3">-ήσομαι</b>, <b class="b3">μ(ε)ιχθῆναι</b> with <b class="b3">-ήσομαι</b>, fut. [[μείξω]], <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, perf. midd. <b class="b3">μέμ(ε)ιγμαι</b>; act. (hell.) [[μέμιχα]].<br />Compounds: Very often with prefix, e.g <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>. As 1. member in governing compp. <b class="b3">μ(ε)ιξ(ο</b>)-, e.g. <b class="b3">μιξ-έλληνες</b> pl. <b class="b2">mixed-, halfhellenes</b> (Hellanik., hell.), <b class="b3">μ(ε)ιξό-θροος</b> [[mixing the crying]], [[with mixed crys]] (A.); also <b class="b3">μισγ-</b>, esp in <b class="b3">μισγ-άγκεια</b> f. [[place]], [[where clefts meet]] (Δ 453), from <b class="b3">*μισγ-αγκής</b>, s. Schwyzer 442, Sommer Nominalkomp. 174 f., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 15. As 2. member in <b class="b3">παμ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">συμ-μιγής</b> etc. (IA.); from there [[μιγής]] (Nic-.; Schwyzer 426 a. 513), <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-μίξ</b> adv. [[mixed]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: Few derivv. 1. (<b class="b3">σύμ-</b>) [[μεῖξις]] (<b class="b3">-ι-</b>) <b class="b2">mixing etc.</b> (IA.; Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 100 A. 2); 2. [[μεῖγμα]] (<b class="b3">-ί-</b>) [[mixing]] (Emp., Anaxag., Arist.; <b class="b3">μεῖχμ[α</b>] Alc.); 3. <b class="b3">ἐπιμ(ε)ιξία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> [[mixing]], [[intercourse]] (IA.); from <b class="b3">ἐπίμ(ε)ικ-τος</b>. 4. [[μιγάς]], <b class="b3">-άδος</b> m. f. [[mixed]], [[together]] (Att.). 5. Several adverbs: (<b class="b3">σύμ-)μίγα</b>, <b class="b3">μιγά-δην</b>, <b class="b3">-δις</b>, <b class="b3">μίγ-δα</b>, <b class="b3">-δην</b> (ep. poet.). 6. [[μιγάζομαι]] [[mix]], [[unite]] (θ 271 : [[μίγα]], [[μιγάς]]; Schwyzer 734).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [714] *meiǵ/ḱ- [[mix]].<br />Etymology: Whether [[μίγνυμι]], which is fequent in mss., is an original zero grade, is very doubtful. Prob. [[μείγνυμι]], built after [[μεῖξαι]], [[μείξω]] was early (Schwyzer 697 w. n. 5). Also for other, in principle zero grade forms ([[μίξις]], ([[σύμ]]) <b class="b3">-μικτος</b>, [[μέμιγμαι]]) the full grade is often found, [[μεῖξις]] etc. For the media in [[μίσγω]], if from <b class="b3">*μίγ-σκ-ω</b> (diff. Wackernagel KZ 33, 39 = Kl. Schr. 1, 718: from <b class="b3">*μι-μσγ-ω</b> to Lat. [[mergō]] etc.), [[μιγῆναι]], [[μίγα]] all other languages have tenuis, IE <b class="b2">*m(e)iḱ-</b>: Skt. <b class="b2">miś-rá-</b> = Lith. <b class="b2">mìš-ras</b> [[mixed]], Balt., e.g. Lith. <b class="b2">miešiù</b>, <b class="b2">miẽšti</b> [[mix]], Slav. (caus.), e.g. OCS <b class="b2">měšǫ</b>, <b class="b2">měšiti</b> [[mix]]. An iranian <b class="b2">maēz-</b> (IE <b class="b2">*meiǵ-</b>) in the sense of [[mix]], adopted by Smith Lang. 4, 178ff. because of Y. 44, 20, does not exist, s. Humbach Münch. Stud. 2, 7, where de form is connected from <b class="b2">maēz-</b> [[urinate]]. A <b class="b2">sḱ-</b>present is also well represented in the West: Lat. [[misceō]], OIr.<b class="b2">mesc(a)id</b> [[mixes]], [[dips in]], [[confuses]], Germ., e.g. OHG [[miscan]], NHG [[mischen]] (if not Lat. LW [loanword]). The <b class="b3">νυ-</b>present however is limited to Greek (so prob. innovation). The nasalinfixed GAv. <b class="b2">minaš-</b>, mostly rendered as [[you shall mix]] (pres. <b class="b2">myāsa-</b>), is by Humbach [[l.c.]] also derived from <b class="b2">maēz-</b> [[urinate]]. Indian has a reduplicated <b class="b2">s-</b>formation in <b class="b2">mí-mikṣ-ati</b> [[mix]] (prob. prop. desiderative), with perf. <b class="b2">mimikṣé</b>, caus. <b class="b2">mekṣayati</b>. On themselves stand the full grade forms Skt. pres. <b class="b2">myakṣati</b> = Av. <b class="b2">myāsa-</b>; on the root analysis s. Kuiper Nasalpräs. 123. Also the aorist [[μεῖξαι]] is isolated as well as [[μιγῆναι]] and the other forms with γ, which is prob. due to assimilation. -- Details in WP. 2, 244f., Pok.714, W. -Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[misceō]], Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">miẽšti</b>, Vasmer s. <b class="b2">mesítь</b>.