ἄφεσις: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εως, ἡ, ([[ἀφίημι]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[letting go]], [[release]], <b class="b3">περὶ τῆς τῶν πλοίων ἀφέσεως</b> Philipp. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.77</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>273c</span>; καρπῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.43.9</span> (ii B. C.); <b class="b3">γῆ ἐν ἀφέσει</b> [[land]] [[in private hands]], opp. [[βασιλική]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span> 5.37</span> (ii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of persons, [[dismissal]]: in [[ritual]], λαοῖς ἄφεσις Apul.<span class="title">Met.</span>11.17; [[release]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.79.12</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>2.314.21, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>4.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">ἄφεσις φόνου</b> [[quittance]] from [[murder]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>869d</span>: so abs., <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Stat.</span>8</span>; [[discharge]] from a [[bond]], <span class="bibl">D.33.3</span>; ἄφεσιν ἐναντίον μαρτύρων ποιήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Id.45.41</span>; opp. [[ἀπόδοσις]] χρημάτων, <span class="bibl">Isoc.17.29</span>; [[exemption from attendance]], [[leave of absence]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>30.6</span>; <b class="b3">ἄφεσις τῆς στρατείας</b> [[exemption]] from [[service]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Ages.</span>24</span>; [[remission]] of a [[debt]], ταλάντου <span class="title">Michel</span>1340B7 (Cnidus, ii B. C.); χρημάτων <span class="title">IPE</span>12.32<span class="hiitalic">B</span>70 (Olbia, iii B. C.); sc. [[καταδίκης]], <span class="title">Inscr.Magn.</span>93c16. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[forgiveness]], Ev. Marc.3.29; ἁμαρτιῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>26.28</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[relaxation]], [[exhaustion]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>3.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[divorce]], τινὶ [[πέμπειν]] <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>42</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[starting]] of horses in a [[race]], ἵππων ἄφεσιν ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">D.S.4.73</span>: hence, [[starting-post]] itself, <b class="b3">ἰσώσας τἀφέσει</b> (Musgr. for <b class="b3">τῇ φύσει</b>) <b class="b3"> τὰ τέρματα</b> having made the [[winning]]-[[post]] one with the [[starting]]-[[post]], i.e. having completed the [[δίαυλος]] and come back to the [[starting-post]], dub. cj. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>686</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Paus.5.15.5</span>, <span class="bibl">6.20.9</span>: metaph., [[the first start]], [[beginning]] of anything, <span class="bibl">Man.3.405</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[discharge]], [[emission]], ὕδατος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span> 697a24</span>; βέλους <span class="bibl">D.S.17.41</span>; τοῦ θοροῦ, τοῦ ᾠοῦ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>756a12</span>; τοῦ κυήματος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>608a1</span>; the [[dropping]] of a [[foal]], ib.<span class="bibl">576a25</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[discharge]], [[release]] of an [[engine]], <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>58.24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> = [[ἀφεσμός]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span> 625a20</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[release]], ὕδατος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2p.34</span> (iii B. C.): hence, in concrete sense, [[conduit]], [[sluice]], ib.<span class="bibl">3p.88</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>388.44</span> (iii A. D.): pl., ἀφέσεις θαλάσσης [[channel]]s, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">2 Ki.</span>22.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> Astrol., [[reckoning of the vital quadrant]], <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>127</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.136.2</span> (but <b class="b3">ἀπὸ Λέοντος τὴν ἄφεσιν ποιούμενοι</b>, simply, [[starting from]]... <span class="bibl">Id.31.8</span>).</span>