ῥάχις: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-ιος<br />Grammatical information: f. (m.)<br />Meaning: [[spine]], [[back]], often metaph. <b class="b2">ridge etc.</b> (I 208).<br />Other forms: Att. <b class="b3">-εως</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">ῥαχ-ίτης</b> m. [[belonging to the spine]] (Arist., medic.), <b class="b3">ἐπιρραχ-ίτιδες ἀρτηρίαι</b> (Hippiatr.; Redard 101 f.); 2. <b class="b3">ῥαχι-αῖος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (medic.); 3. <b class="b3">ῥαχ-ίζω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b2">to crack, to chop up (the spine)</b> (trag.), also [[to show off]], [[to boast]] (Din., H.) with <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> m. [[splitter]] (pap.), [[show off]], [[boaster]] (Theopomp. Com.), <b class="b3">-ιστήρ ψεύστης</b>, [[ἀλαζών]] H. With transformation of the stem: 4. <b class="b3">ῥάχ-ετρον</b> = [[ῥάχις]] H., also des. of a certain part of it (Poll., Phot.; after [[ἄγκιστρον]], [[δέρτρον]], [[ἦτρον]]?; cf. also Fraenkel Glotta 4, 43, Schwyzer 532), with <b class="b3">-ετρίζω</b> = [[ῥαχίζω]] (Poll.); beside it <b class="b3">ῥάκ-ετρον</b> etc. (s. [[ῥάκος]]?). 5. <b class="b3">ῥαχάς χωρίον σύνδενδρον καὶ μετέωρον</b> H., Phot. (after [[δειράς]], [[σπιλάς]] a.o.) with <b class="b3">ῥαχάδην ἐπὶ τῆς ῥάχεως</b> H. 6. Gen. sg. <b class="b3">τοῦ ῥαχα</b> from [[ῥαχας]] <b class="b2">id.?</b> (Halaesa; Rom. times). -- Beside it [[ῥαχός]] ([[ῥᾶχος]]; codd. also [[ῥάχος]], prob. after [[ῥάχις]]), Ion. [[ῥηχός]] f. <b class="b2">briar, thorn hedge, (thorny) sprig</b> (Hdt., S., X., Thphr.), <b class="b3">ἐΰ-ρρηχος</b>, [[ῥηχώδης]] [[thorny]] (Nic.); denom. [[ῥαχῶσαι]] [[to cover with sprigs]] (Att., 307-6a). On the meaning [[briar]], [[spine]], [[back]] cf. e.g. [[ἄκανθα]], Lat. [[spina]] a.o. -- Unclear [[ῥάχνος]] n. (pap. IV-VIp), approx. [[cloak]]?<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: With [[ῥάχις]] can be compared directly Lith. [[ražis]] [[stubble]] (beside which more usual <b class="b2">rãžas</b> <b class="b2">stubble, (fork)tooth, barren twig</b>), IE <b class="b2">*u̯raǵh-i-</b>; anl. <b class="b2">u̯-</b> is confirmed by [[ὀρήχου]] (<b class="b3">ὀ-</b> = <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>) <b class="b3">τῆς αἱμασιᾶς</b> H. Beside it full-(lengthened)grade <b class="b2">*u̯rāǵh-</b> in [[ῥαχός]], [[ῥηχός]]. Further analysis uncertain: it can be both verbal and nominal derivations, also enlargements of a root noun etc. Further connection with [[ῥαχία]], [[ῥάσσω]] cannot be shown (rejected by Solmsen Wortforsch. 163n.1); orig. meaning [[stitch]], [[bump]]?? -- WP. 1, 318 (after Lidén Ein balt.-slav. Anlautges. 15), Pok. 1180. -- <b class="b3">Ϝραχ-</b> cannot be derived from an IE form; is the word Pre-Greek?