εἰλέω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[press together]], [[draw together]], [[fence in]] (Hom.)<br />Other forms: Ep. Delph. also [[εἴλομαι]] in [[εἰλόμενος]], <b class="b3">εἰλέσθω(ν</b>), Dor. El. [[Ϝηλέω]], Att. sometimes [[ἴλλω]], [[εἴλλω]] (cf. below), aor. [[ἔλσαι]], [[ἐέλσαι]] (Ep.), med.-pass. [[ἀλήμεναι]], [[ἀλῆναι]], [[ἀλείς]], perf. med. [[ἔελμαι]], <b class="b3">-μένος</b> (Ep.), perfect preterite [[ἐόλει]]? (Pi., s. below); from there the new [[εἰλῆσαι]], [[εἰλήσω]], [[εἴλημαι]], [[εἰλήθην]] (Ion. Hell.)<br />Compounds: With prefix <b class="b3">ἀπ(ο-</b>), e. g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-Ϝηλέω</b> (El.), <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐγ-Ϝηληθίωντι</b> (Her.) = <b class="b3">ἐξ-ειληθῶσι</b>, <b class="b3">κατ(α</b>)-, e. g. <b class="b3">κατα-Ϝελμένος</b> (Cret.), <b class="b3">προσ-</b> (<b class="b3">προτι-</b>), <b class="b3">συν-ειλέω</b>, -(<b class="b3">ε)ίλλω</b> etc. with diff. shades of meaning.<br />Derivatives: Of the derivatives most have become formally and semantically independent: [[ἁλής]], [[ἀολλής]], [[ἐξουλή]], [[ἴλη]] ([[εἴλη]]), [[οὑλαμός]] (s. vv.). Further: <b class="b3">βήλημα κώλυμα</b>, <b class="b3">φράγμα ἐν ποταμῳ̃</b> H.; i. e. [[Ϝήλημα]], Mess. [[ἤλημα]], <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-είλησις</b> [[pressing together]], [[what is pressed]] or [[what is drawn together]] (Epicur. or Ael.), [[εἰληθμός]] (<b class="b3">εἰδ-</b> cod.) [[συστροφή]], [[φυγή]] H., [[προσείλημα]] ([[κεφαλῆς]]) [[turban]] (Kreon Hist.; to 2?). From <b class="b3">(Ϝ)ίλλω</b> prob. [[Ϝιλσιιος]] gen. [[adversity]] (Pamphyl. IVa); unclear [[ἰλλάς]] <b class="b2">pressed together (?)</b> (S. Fr. 70, E. Fr. 837), cf. on 2. [[εἰλέω]]; lengthened [[ἰλλίζει]], s. ib. S. also on [[εἶλαρ]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1138] <b class="b2">*u̯el-</b> [[press together]]<br />Etymology: As the basis of [[εἰλέω]], [[Ϝηλέω]], to which belongs also [[ἀπελλεῖν]] (?, cod. <b class="b3">-ειν</b>) [[ἀποκλείειν]] H. (Aeol.), one may posit a nasal present <b class="b3">*Ϝελ-νέω</b>, which may be a variant of [[εἴλω]] < <b class="b3">*Ϝέλ-νω</b> (Schwyzer 720; cf. also 693 w. n. 11, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 130). Beside it there is a reduplicated [[ἴλλω]] < <b class="b3">*Ϝί-Ϝλ-ω</b> (mostly to 2. like [[ἰλλόμενος]] A. R. 2, 27, s. on 2.). (For [[εἴλλω]] vowelprothesis was assumed < <b class="b3">*ἐ-Ϝέλ-νω</b> (<b class="b3">ἐ-Ϝέλ-ιω</b>?; so Solmsen, s. below) which is now no longer possible, if not simply through (graphical) influence of [[εἰλέω]]. - The non-present forms were oirginally, as is to be expected, primary: aor. <b class="b3">(Ϝ)έλ-σαι</b>, perf. <b class="b3">*(Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ολα</b> in [[ἐόλει]] <b class="b2">(op)pressed</b> (Pi. P. 4, 233; coni. Boeckh)?, med. with secondary full grade <b class="b3">(Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ελ-μαι</b>, intr. aor. with zero grade <b class="b3">(Ϝ)αλῆ-ναι</b>; these forms were replaced by the innovations [[εἰλῆσαι]] etc. From the many IE words with an element <b class="b2">u̯el-</b>, only some Balto-Slavic formations can be considered as cognates of 1. [[εἰλέω]]. Thus Russ. [[válom]] [[in mass]], the instrumental of a noun <b class="b2">*valъ</b> (IE <b class="b2">*u̯ōlos</b>) with many derivatives, e. g. [[zavál]] [[stoppage]], [[blocking]] (cf. [[Ϝήλημα]]); on the maning cf. esp. <b class="b3">(Ϝ)άλις</b>. An other instrumental in OCS Russ. [[velьmí]] [[μεγάλως]], [[very]], from <b class="b2">*velь</b> (IE <b class="b2">*u̯eli-</b>). From Baltic: Lith. [[su-valýti]] <b class="b2">collect (grain), reap (together)</b>; further perhaps Lith. [[veliù]], [[vélti]] (with Russ. [[valjátь]]) [[to full]]; but see also on 2. [[εἰλέω]]. It is not always possible to distinguish [[εἰλέω]] <b class="b2">press (together)</b> and [[εἰλέω]] [[wind]]. - On the group see Solmsen Unt. 224ff., 285ff.; s. also Burdach NJbb. 49, 254ff.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[roll]], [[turn]], [[wind]], [[revolve]] (most hell.).<br />Other forms: [[ἴλλω]], [[εἴλλω]] (Att.; s. below). The non-present forms, which are most compounds, are based on the presents: [[εἰλῆσαι]], [[εἰλήσω]], [[εἴληκα]] etc.; from [[ἴλλω]] only [[ἰλλάμην]] (IG 5 (2): 472, 11; Megalopolis II-IIIp).<br />Compounds: Often with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-ειλέω</b> (X., hell.), -(<b class="b3">ε)ίλλω</b> (Th. 2, 76; codd. Ar. Ra. 1066), also <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">παρ-ειλέω</b> (hell.), <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-ίλλω</b> (X., Hp.).<br />Derivatives: From [[εἰλέω]]: [[εἰλεός]] (s. v.; sec. adapted?); (<b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-)εἴλησις</b> <b class="b2">winding etc.</b> (Pl.), (<b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>) [[εἴλημα]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (J., Poll.); [[εἰλετίας]] kind of reed (Thphr.), [[εἰλητάριον]] [[winding]], [[roll]] (Aët.), [[εἰληδόν]] adv. [[in windings]] (AP). From [[ἴλλω]]: [[ἰλλός]] [[looking aslant]] (s. v.) with many derivations; [[ἰλλάς]] f. [[snare]], [[knot]] (Ν 572; Chantr. Form. 351) with <b class="b3">ἰλλίζει δεσμεύει</b>, [[συστρέφει]], [[ἀγελάζει]] H. (also to 1. [[ἴλλω]]); unclear <b class="b3">ἰλλάδας γονάς</b> ++<b class="b3">ἀγελειὰς καὶ συστροφάς</b> H. (S. Fr. 70 and E. Fr. 837); prob. to 1. - Here also several nouns that have formally been separated from the verb: s. [[ἕλιξ]], [[εἶλιγξ]], [[ἕλμις]], [[ἑλένη]], [[εὑλή]], [[εὔληρα]], [[λῶμα]], [[ὅλμος]], [[οὖλος]] a. o.; further [[ἀλινδέω]], also [[αἰόλος]]; lastly the [[u-]]enlarged [[εἰλύω]] with many derivatives (s. v.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1140] <b class="b2">*u̯el-</b> [[turn]], [[wind]], [[revolve]]<br />Etymology: Like 1. [[εἰλέω]], (<b class="b3">ἐ)ίλλω</b> [[press]] also [[εἰλέω]], [[ἴλλω]] [[turn]] continue a [[n-]]present <b class="b3">*Ϝελ-νέω</b>, resp. a reduplicated <b class="b3">*Ϝί-Ϝλ-ω</b>. The formal falling together led often also to semantic coincidence; so for A. R. [[ἰλλόμενος]] in 2, 27 [[λέων]] ... <b class="b3">ἰλλόμενός περ ὁμίλῳ</b>, also when originally not [[surrounded]], but [[pressed]], identical with the formally identical ptc. in 1, 129 <b class="b3">δεσμοῖς ἰλλόμενος</b>. - Also in the other languages there are many words that go back on the flexible notion [[turn]], [[wind]], [[revolve]] etc.; cf. e.g. OIr. [[fillim]] [[turn]], [[bend]], if with Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. d. kelt. Spr. 2, 522 an [[n-]]present (but hardly Lith. [[veliù]], [[vélti]] <b class="b2">confuse hair(s)</b> (= [[εἴλλω]]?; s. on 1.). A special group are the [[u-]]enlargements, s. on [[εἰλύω]]. Further cf. Arm. [[glem]] [[roll]], [[throw down]], which may continue <b class="b2">*u̯ēl-</b> or <b class="b2">*u̯ōl-ei̯ō</b> (Meillet MSL 8, 163; 9, 144; uncertain Skt. [[valati]], [[-te]] (class.) [[turn]], s. Tedesco JournAmOrSoc. 67, 100ff. - See Solmsen Unt. 229ff.