δύναμαι

English (LSJ)

[ῠ], 2sg.

   A δύνασαι Il.1.393, Od.4.374, S.Aj.1164 (anap.), Ar.Nu.811 (lyr.), Pl.574, X.An.7.7.8, etc.; δύνῃ Carm.Aur.19, also in codd. of S.Ph.798, E.Hec.253, Andr.239, and later Prose, Plb. 7.11.5, Ael.VH13.32; Aeol. and Dor. δύνᾳ Alc.Oxy.1788 Fr.15 ii 16, Theoc.10.2, also S.Ph.849 (lyr.), dub. in OT696 (lyr.); δύνῃ is subj., Ar.Eq.491, cf. Phryn.337; Ion. 3pl. δυνέαται Hdt.2.142; subj. δύνωμαι, Ion. 2sg. δύνηαι Il.6.229 (δυνεώμεθα -ωνται as vv.ll. in Hdt.4.97, 7.163); also δύνᾱμαι Sapph.Supp.3.3, GDI4952A 42 (Crete): impf. 2sg. ἐδύνω h.Merc.405, X.An.1.6.7; later ἐδύνασο Hp.Ep.16 (v.l. ἠδ.), Luc.DMort.9.1; Ion. 3pl. ἐδυνέατο Hdt.4.110, al. (ἠδ- codd.): fut. δυνήσομαι Od.16.238, etc.; Dor. δυνᾱσοῦμαι Archyt.3; later δυνηθήσομαι D.C.52.37: aor. ἐδυνησάμην Il.14.33, Ep. δυν- 5.621; subj. δυνήσωνται Semon.1.17, never in good Att., f. l. in D.19.323: Pass. forms, Ep., Ion., Lyr., ἐδυνάσθην or δυνάσθην Il.23.465, al., Hdt.2.19, al., Pi.O.1.56, Hp.Art.48 (v.l. δυνηθείη), also in X.Mem.1.2.24, An.7.6.20; Trag. and Att. Prose ἐδυνήθην S.Aj. 1067, OT1212 (lyr.), E.Ion867 (anap.), D.21.80,186: pf. δεδύνημαι D.4.30, Din.2.14, Phld.Rh.1.261S.—The double augment ἠδυνάμην is Att. acc. to Moer.175, but Ion. acc. to An.Ox.2.374, and is found in codd. of Hdt.4.110, al., Hp.Epid.1.26.β', al.; ἠδύνω is required by metre in Philippid.16; but is not found in Att. Inscrr. before 300 B.C., IG22.678.12, al., cf. ἠδύνασθε ib.7.2711 (Acraeph., i A.D.); both forms occur in later writers: ἠδυνήθην occurs in A.Pr.208, and codd. of Th.4.33, Lys.3.42, etc.: δύνομαι is a late form freq. in Pap. as UPZ9 (ii B. C.), al. [ῠ, exc. in δῡναμένοιο Od.1.276, 11.414, Hom. Epigr.15.1, and pr. n. Δῡναμένη, metri gr.]    I to be able, strong enough to do, c. inf. pres. et aor., Il.19.163, 1.562, etc.: fut. inf. is f.l. (πείσειν for πείθειν) in S.Ph.1394, (κωλύσειν for κωλῦσαι) Plb.21.11.13, etc.: freq. abs., with inf. supplied from the context, εἰ δύνασαί γε if at least thou canst (sc. περισχέσθαι), Il. 1.393: also c. acc. Pron. or Adj., ὅσσον δύναμαι χερσίν τε ποσίν τε 20.360; [Ζεὺς] δύναται ἅπαντα Od.4.237; μέγα δυνάμενος very powerful, mighty, 1.276, cf. 11.414; δ. μέγιστον ξείνων Hdt.9.9, etc.; μέγα δύναται, multum valet, A.Eu.950 (lyr.); δ. Διὸς ἄγχιστα Id.Supp.1035; οἱ δυνάμενοι men of power, rank, and influence, E.Or.889, Th.6.39, etc.; οἱ δυνάμενοι, opp. οἱ μὴ ἔχοντες, Democr.255; opp. οἱ πένητες, Archyt. 3; δυνάμενος παρά τινι having influence with him, Hdt.7.5, And. 4.26, etc.; δύνασθαι ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις Th.4.105; δ. τοῖς χρήμασι, τῷ σώματι, Lys.6.48, 24.4; ὁ δυνάμενος one that can maintain himself, Id.24.12; of things, [διαφέρει] οἷς δύνανται differ in their potentialities, Plot.6.3.17.    2 of moral possibility, to be able, dare, bear to do a thing, mostly with neg., οὔτε τελευτὴν ποιῆσαι δύναται Od.1.250; σε . . οὐ δύναμαι προλιπεῖν 13.331, cf. S.Ant.455; οὐκέτι ἐδύνατο ἐν τῷ καθεστῶτι τρόπῳ βιοτεύειν Th.1.130; οὐδὲ σθένειν τοσοῦτον ᾠόμην τὰ σὰ κηρύγμαθ' ὥστε . . θεῶν νόμιμα δύνασθαι . . ὑπερδραμεῖν S.Ant. 455.    b enjoy a legal right, δ. τῆς γεωργίας ἀπηλλάχθαι POxy.899.31 (ii/iii A.D.), etc.    3 with ὡς and Sup., ὡς ἐδύναντο ἀδηλότατα as secretly as they could, Th.7.50; ὡς δύναμαι μάλιστα κατατείνας as forcibly as I possibly can, Pl.R.367b; ὡς δύναιτο κάλλιστον Id.Smp.214c; ὡς ἂν δύνωμαι διὰ βραχυτάτων D.27.3, etc.; simply ὡς ἐδύνατο in the best way he could, X.An.2.6.2: with relat., ὅσους ἐδύνατο πλείστους ἀθροίσας Id.HG2.2.9; λαβεῖν . . οὓς ἂν σοφωτάτους δύνωμαι Alex. 213.    II to be equivalent to, λόγοι ἔργα δυνάμενοι words that are as good as deeds, Th.6.40: hence,    1 of money, to be worth, c. acc., ὁ σίγλος δύναται ἑπτὰ ὀβολούς X.An.1.5.6, cf. D.34.23: abs., pass, be current, Luc.Luct.10.    2 of Number, etc., to be equal or equivalent to, τριηκόσιαι γενεαὶ δυνέαται μύρια ἔτεα Hdt.2.142; δυνήσεται τὴν ὑποτείνουσαν will be equivalent to the hypotenuse, Arist.IA 709a19.    3 of words, signify, mean, Hdt.4.110, al.; τὸ πειρηθῆναι καὶ τὸ ποιεῖν ἴσον δύναται Id.6.86. γ; δύναται ἴσον τῷ δρᾶν τὸ νοεῖν Ar. Fr.691; δύναται τὸ νεοδαμῶδες ἤδη ἐλεύθερον εἶναι Th.7.58: in later Greek, δύναται τὸ μνασθέντι ἀντὶ τοῦ μνασθέντος" is equivalent to... Sch.Pi.O.7.110.    b avail to produce, οὐδένα καιρὸν δύναται brings no advantage, E.Med.128 (anap.), cf. Pl.Phlb.23d.    c of things, mean, 'spell', τὸ τριβώνιον τί δύναται; Ar.Pl.842; αἱ ἀγγελίαι τοῦτο δύνανται they mean this much, Th.6.36; τὴν αὐτὴν δ. δούλωσιν Id.1.141, cf. Arist.Pol.1313b25.    4 Math., δύνασθαί τι to be equivalent when squared to a number or area, τοῖς ἐπιπέδοις ἃ δύνανται in the areas of which they [the lines] are the roots, Pl.Tht.148b; ἡ ΒΓ τῆς Α μεῖζον δύναται τῇ ΔΖ the square on ΒΓ is greater than the square on A by the square on ΔΖ, Euc.10.17; αἱ δυνάμεναι αὐτά [τὰ μεγέθη] the lines representing their square roots, ib.Def.4, cf. Prop. 22; αὐξήσεις δυνάμεναί τε καὶ δυναστευόμεναι increments both in the roots and powers of numbers, Pl.R.546b; τὴν ὑποτείνουσαν ταῖς περὶ τὴν ὀρθὴν ἴσον δυναμένην Plu.2.720a, cf. Iamb.Comm.Math.17; ἡ δυναμένη, Pythag. name for the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle, Alex.Aphr.in Metaph.75.31.    b of numbers multiplied together, come to, Papp.1.24,27.    III impers., οὐ δύναται, c. aor. inf., it cannot be, is not to be, τοῖσι Σπαρτιήτῃσι καλλιερῆσαι οὐκ ἐδύνατο Hdt. 7.134, cf.9.45; δύναται it is possible, Plu.2.440e (s. v.l.).