ψεύδω

English (LSJ)

S.Ant.389, etc.: fut.

   A ψεύσω Id.OC628, X.Cyr.1.5.13: aor. ἔψευσα A.Pers.472, Plb.18.11.11, etc.:—Pass., fut. ψευσθήσομαι S.Tr.712, Gal.15.143: aor. ἐψεύσθην Hdt.1.141, etc.: pf. ἔψευσμαι (v. infr.); imper. ἐψεύσθω Aeschin.1.162:—cheat by lies, beguile, τινα S.OC628, etc.:—Pass., to be cheated, deceived, A.Ch.759, etc.; εἰ μὴ πολύ γε ἔψευσμαι unless I am much deceived, Antipho 3.2.1.    2 c. gen., cheat, balk, disappoint one of a thing, ψεύσει σ' ὁδοῦ τῆσδ' ἐλπίς E.Hec.1031; ἔψευσας φρενῶν Πέρσας A.Pers.472; μὴ ψεῦσον Ζεῦ τῆς ἐπιούσης ἐλπίδος Ar.Th.870; πιστεύω . . μὴ ψεύσειν με . . τὰς ἐλπίδας X.Cyr.1.5.13; πόλλ' ἐλπίδες ψεύδουσι καὶ λόγοι βροτούς E.Fr. 650:—Pass., to be cheated balked, disappointed, τινος of a thing, ψευσθῆναι ἐλπίδος, γάμου, Hdt.1.141, 5.47; ἐνάρων S.Aj.178(lyr.); δείπνου Ar.Nu.618 (troch.); ψευσθέντες τῶν σκοπῶν disappointed of receiving tidings from the scouts, Th.8.103.    3 in Pass., also, to be deceived, mistaken in or about a thing, ἐψευσμένοι γνώμης deceived in their judgement, mistaken in opinion, Hdt.8.40, cf. S.Tr. 712 (also ψευσθῆναι γνώμῃ Hdt.7.9.γ) ; ἐψευσμένοι τῆς Ἀθηναίων δυνάμεως deceived or mistaken in their notions of the Athenian power, Th.4.108; πολλῶν ἐψεύσθητε τῆς οὐσίας you have often had a mistaken idea of a man's wealth, Lys.19.45; τούτου οὐκ ἐψεύσθην Pl.Ap.22d; ἐψεῦσθαι τῆς ἀληθείας Id.R.413a; τῆς ὥρας And.1.38; ἐψευσμένοι τῶν ὄντων Pl.Tht.195a; ἐψεῦσθαι ἑαυτῶν, opp. εἰδέναι ἑαυτούς, X.Mem.4.2.26; also ψευσθῆναι ἔν τισι Hdt.9.48; περί τινος X.An.2.6.28, Pl.Prt.358c: also c. acc., ἐψεύσθη τοῦτο X.An.1.8.11, etc.; αὐτοὺς ἐψευσμένη ἡ Ἑλλάς deceived in its estimate of them, Th.6.17 (where αὐτοὺς is prob. corrupt, and shd. perh. be omitted): c. acc. cogn., εὐτυχέστατον ψεῦσμα ἐψευσμένος most happily deceived or mistaken, Pl.Men.71d: more rarely in Act., καί μ' ἔψευσας ἐλπίδος πολύ thou hast much belied my expectation, i.e. turned out better than I feared, S.Aj.1382.    4 of statements, to be untrue, ἡ τρίτη τῶν ὁδῶν μάλιστα ἔψευσται the third mode of explanation is most untrue, most mistaken, Hdt.2.22.    II c. acc. rei, like ψευδοποιέω 11, represent a thing as a lie, falsify, ψεύδοντες οὐδὲν σῆμα τῶν προκειμένων S.OC1512 (prob. for σημάτων) ; ψεύδει ἡ πίνοια τὴν γνώμην afterthought gives opinion the lie, Id.Ant.389:— Pass., ἢν τάδε ψευσθῇ λέγων if his word prove (lit. be proved) false, Id.Ph.1342; ἡ ψευσθεῖσα ὑπόσχεσις the promise broken, Th.3.66; πάντα πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἔψευσται have been falsely reported, D.52.23; in E.Andr.346 for ἀλλὰ ψεύσεται it will be falsely said, Porson's correction ἐψεύσεται is probable (πεύσεται Kiehl).    B earlier and more common ψεύδομαι, imper. ψεύδεο Il.4.404 (the Act. is very rare in Att. Prose): fut. ψεύσομαι Hom., Pi., Att.: aor ἐψευσάμην, v. infr.: fut. 2 ἐψεύσομαι (will have made a false statement) Gal.15.137(s. v.l.): pf. ἔψευσμαι X.An.1.3.10.    I abs., lie, speak false, play false, ψεύσομαι ἦ ἔτυμον ἐρέω; Il.10.534, Od.4.140; οὐκ οἶδα ψεύδεσθαι h.Merc.369; οὐ ψεύσομ' ἀμφὶ Κορίνθῳ Pi.O.13.52; περί τινος Pl.Prt.347a; ψ. κατά τινος, opp. λέγειν τἀληθῆ κατά τινος, Id.Euthd.284a, Lys.22.7; ψ. πρός τινα X.An.1.3.5; ψ. τινι Act.Ap. 5.4 and εἴς τινα Ep.Col.3.9.    2 c. inf., say falsely, pretend that... Plu.2.506d.    3 c. acc. rei, say that which is untrue, whether intentionally or not, τοῦτό γ' οὐκ ἐψεύσατο Ar.Ec.445; οὐδὲν αὐτῶν ψεύδεται Id.Ach.561; κἂν λάβῃς ἐψευσμένον, φάσκειν ἔμ' ἤδη μαντικῇ μηδὲν φρονεῖν S.OT461; ἐάν τι μὴ ἀληθὲς λέγω... εἰπὲ ὅτι τοῦτο ψεύδομαι· ἑκὼν γὰρ εἶναι οὐδὲν ψεύσομαι Pl.Smp.214e, cf. X.Mem.4.2.19; περὶ ὧν ἔψευσται διδάσκειν ὑμᾶς Lys.3.21.    4 to be false or faithless, to be perjured or forsworn, Hes.Op.283.    5 ὁ ψευδόμενος, the Liar, name of a fallacy or logical puzzle invented by Eubulides, a disciple of Euclides of Megara, Thphr. ap. D.L.2.108, cf. Chrysipp.Stoic.2.92 (ψευδόμενος is an interpolation in ὁ σοφιστικὸς λόγος ψ. Arist.EN1146a22).    II like Act. 11, belie, falsify, ὅρκια ψεύσασθαι break them, Il.7.352; so συνθήκας ψ. X.Ages.1.12; γάμους E.Ba. 31,245; so in plpf., ἔψευστο τὴν ξυμμαχίαν Th.5.83; so also οὐκ ἐψεύσαντο τὰς ἀπειλάς they did not belie, i.e. they made good, their threats, Hdt.6.32; τὰ χρήματα . . ἐψευσμένοι ἦσαν had broken their word about the money, X.An.5.6.35.    III like Act. 1, deceive by lies, cheat, Αοξίαν ἐψευσάμην A.Ag.1208, cf. X.HG3.1.25; also ψ. τινά τι deceive one in a thing, S.OC1145, E.Alc.808; ἅπερ αὐτὸν οὐ ψεύσομαι and therein I will not disappoint him (ironical), i.e. I will carry out my threat, And.1.123; τῶν ἔργων ὧν ἂν τὸν ἐκδόντα ψεύσηται (ὧν being in gen. by attraction) Pl.Lg.921a.    IV of combinations of words, make a false statement, Arist.Int.16a3.