λαγχάνω

English (LSJ)

fut.

   A λήξομαι Pl.R.617e; Ion. λάξομαι (cf. λάξις) Hdt.7.144: aor. ἔλᾰχον Il.9.367, etc.; Ep. ἔλλαχον h.Cer.87, v.l. for ἔλλαβεν in Theoc.25.271; Ep. λάχον Il.4.49, al.; Aeol. opt. 1sg. λαχόην Sapph.9 (λαχοίην A.D. Synt.247.25); for λέλᾰχον v. infr. IV: pf. εἴληχα A.Th.376, 423, etc.: plpf. εἰλήχει Pl.Phd.107d; poet. and Ion. λέλογχα Pi.O.1.53, B.9.39, Emp.20.3, E.Tr.282 (lyr.), Hdt.7.53, Test. ap.D.21.82, D.H.4.83, etc., but not in early Att. Prose; 3pl. λελογχᾰσι (ν) Od.11.304, Emp.102, but λελᾰχᾱσι Id.115.5; part. λελαχώς Phld.D.1.17; Dor. 3sg. λελόγχει Theoc.4.40: plpf. ἐλελόγχει Luc. Am.18:—Pass., aor. ἐλήχθην Lys.17.8, Is.9.24, D.38.20: pf. εἴληγμαι E.Tr.296, D.30.34; 3pl. λελάχαται Perict. ap. Stob.4.28.19:    I c. acc. rei, obtain by lot, of spoils, opp. ἐξαιρεῖσθαι, Od.14.233, cf. Il. 9.367, etc.: generally, obtain as one's portion, τὸ γὰρ λάχομεν γέρας ἡμεῖς 4.49; λαχόντα τε ληΐδος αἶσαν 18.327; πρὸς δαιμόνων ὄλβον Pi. N.9.45; μέζονας μοίρας λ. Heraclit.25; μοῖραν ἴσην, ὡς αὐτοί περ ἐλάγχανον Od.20.282, cf. Hdt.7.144: with inf. added, ἔλαχον πολιὴν ἅλα ναιέμεν I had the sea for my portion to dwell in, Il.15.190, cf. Pi.O. 6.34, A.Eu.931 (anap.); ἔλαχ' ἄναξ δούλην σ' ἔχειν E.Tr.278, cf. 282 (lyr.); of a deity as presiding over one's life, ἐμὲ μὲν Κὴρ . . λάχε γεινόμενόν περ Il.23.79; τῶ σκληρῶ μάλα δαίμονος ὅς με λελόγχει Theoc. 4.40; δαίμων ὁ τὴν ἡμετέραν μοῖραν εἰληχώς Lys.2.78; ὦ δαῖμον, ὅς με . . εἴληχας Alciphr.3.49: also, esp. in pf., to be the tutelary deity of a place, protect it. [Πὰν] πάντα λόφον . . λέλογχε h.Hom.19.6; θεοῖσι οἳ Περσίδα γῆν λελόγχασι Hdt.7.53; παῖ Ῥέας, ἃ πρυτανεῖα λέλογχας Pi. N.11.1; of Athena, ἣ τὴν ὑμετέραν πόλιν ἔλαχε Pl.Ti.23d, cf. E.Or. 319 (lyr.), Ph.1576 (lyr.): metaph., ἀκέρδεια λέλογχεν θαμινὰ κακαγόρος Pi.O.1.53: freq. of persons who have a post assigned to them by lot, κλήρῳ νῦν πεπάλασθε διαμπερές, ὅς κε λάχῃσι Il.7.171, cf. 179, 23.354, 862: c. inf., κλήρῳ λάχον ἐνθάδ' ἕπεσθαι 24.400; so πάλῳ λαχεῖν A.Th.55, Hdt.4.94, cf. 3.128; ὡς ἐν πύλαις ἕκαστος εἴληχεν πάλον A. Th.376: abs., πρὸς Θύμβρης ἔλαχον Δύκιοι had their post assigned near Thymbra, Il.10.430; ἐπί, ἐν πύλαις λ., A.Th.423, 451, etc.; λαχών alone, Hdt.3.128, etc.; λ. τινὰ διδάσκαλον have him assigned to one by lot, Antipho 6.11.    2 at Athens, obtain an office by lot, ἀρχὰς λαχεῖν, opp. χειροτονηθῆναι (to be elected), D.57.25, cf.Ar.Av.1111; οὐδεμίαν [ἀρχὴν] λαχὼν οὐδὲ χειροτονηθείς Aeschin.1.106: more freq. c. inf., ὁ τῷ κυάμῳ λαχὼν πολεμαρχέειν he who had the lot to be polemarch, Hdt.6.109; ἔλαχον πρότεροι ἀποδιδόναι Th.5.21, cf. 35; λαχὼν . . ἱερομνημονεῖν Ar.Nu.623; λαχόντος βουλεύειν when I became Member of Council by lot, D.21.111, cf. 59.3, Pl.Grg.473e: c. gen., λαχεῖν τῶν ἐξιόντων to be chosen by lot as one of... D.21.133; also οἱ ταμίαι οἱ λαχόντες IG12.91.21; λαχεῖν βασιλεύς, ἐπιμελητής, ἱερεύς, etc., Lys.6.4, Din.2.10, D.57.47, etc.; ἐπίσκοπος τῷ κυάμῳ λαχών Ar.Av.1022; οἱ πεντακόσιοι <οἱ> λαχόντες τῷ κυάμῳ Lexap.And.1.96: abs., κληρούχους τοὺς λαχόντας those on whom the lot fell, Th.3.50, cf. Pl.Lg. 765c; τοὺς λαχόντας προέδρους SIG465.6 (Athens, iii B. C.); rare exc. in Athens, λαχὼν ἱερεύς ib.762.12 (Dionysopolis, i B. C.), etc.    3 as Att. law-term, λαγχάνειν δίκην obtain leave to bring a suit (esp. a private suit), prob. because the presiding magistrates decided the order of hearing by lot; λ. δίκην τινί against one, Pl.Euthphr.5b, Lg. 938b, cf. Aeschin.2.99; ἔγκλημά τινι D.34.16; τὸν εἰληχότα τοῦ κλήρου τὴν δίκην the person suing for the inheritance, Is.8.3: without τὴν δίκην, εἴληχε μὲν αὑτῷ τῆς θυγατρὸς τῆς Εὐκτήμονος ὡς οὔσης ἐπικλήρου he has claimed Euctemon's daughter... Id.6.46, cf. D.48.20; λ. τινὶ τοῦ συμβολαίου Lys.17.3; λ. φόνου ἐμαυτῷ D.21.120; also λ. τῷ υἱεῖ τῆς ἐπικλήρου prosecute the claim on his son's behalf, And.1.121, cf. 124; λ. δίκην τινὶ εἰς τοὺς Ἀμφικτύονας χιλίων ταλάντων ὑπέρ τινος D. 59.98, cf. Isoc.16.2: abs., λ. πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα Is.11.33: metaph., τοῦ σώματος [τῇ ψυχῇ] δίκην λαχόντος Democr.159:—Pass., πρὸς οὓς αἱ δίκαι ἐλήχθησαν Lys.17.8; πρὸ τοῦ τὴν δίκην ληχθῆναι D.54.28: impers., τούτοις λαγχάνεται proceedings are taken, Id.23.76.    II c. gen. partit., become possessed of a thing, ὥς κεν Ἀχιλλεὺς δώρων ἐκ Πριάμοιο λάχῃ Il.24.76; ἔλαχον κτερέων Od.5.311, cf. Thgn.934, Pi.I.8(7).69, Fr.75.6, B.1.56, 9.39, Lyr.Adesp.53, Emp.102, 115.5, Democr.21; εὖ πραπίδων λαχόντα A.Ag.380 (lyr.); χρυσῆς . . τιμῆς λαχεῖν S.Ant.699; οὔ τι μὴ λάχωσι τοῦδε συμμάχου Id.OC450; γέννας ἀφθίτου λαχόντες Id.Fr.278; διπλοῦ βίου λαχόντες E.Supp.1086; πατρῴων οὐ λαχών not having obtained thy patrimony, Id.Tr.1192; τῆς εὐπρεπεστάτης τελευτῆς Th.2.44; δείπνου τε καὶ ὕπνου λαγχάνομεν X.Hier.6.9; also χθονὸς λαχεῖν τοσοῦτον ἐνθανεῖν μόνον S.OC790; γάμου μέρος λαχοῦσα Id.Ant.918; τύμβου κοινὸν εἰληχὼς μέρος Id.El. 1135; τῆς γῆς τὸ πρὸς Νότον εἴληχε Παλλάς Id.Fr.24.8.    III abs., draw lots, κατάστασις ἡ διὰ τοῦ λαγχάνειν γιγνομένη Isoc.7.23, cf. D.S. 4.63, etc.; περί τινος D.21 Arg.2<*><*> 3, 4, Ev.Jo.19.24.    IV causal only in Ep. redupl. aor. λέλᾰχον, put in possession of a thing, grant one the rights of... ὄφρα πυρός με Τρῶες . . λελάχωσι θανόντα Il.7.80, cf. 15.350, 23.76: later this aor. is used intr. in AP7.341 (Procl.).    V intr., fall to one's lot or share, ἐς ἑκάστην [νῆα] ἐννέα λάγχανον αἶγες nine goats were allotted to each, Od.9.160; αἰὼν δυσαίων ἔλαχεν E. Hel.214 (lyr.); ὅσοις . . τὸ σωφρονεῖν εἴληχεν Id.Hipp.80; τὸ λαχὸν μέρος ἑκάστῳ τῷ θεῷ Pl.Lg.745e, cf. Epin.992d; τὴν πρὸς Νότον λαχεῖν φασι Δευκαλίωνι Str.9.5.23.