εἰλέω: Difference between revisions

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 {{elru
 |elrutext='''εἰλέω:''' и [[εἱλέω]] (эп. impf. [[εἴλεον]] и [[ἐείλεον]]; pass.: aor. εἰλήθην и εἱλήθην, pf. εἴλημαι)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> вращать, катить (οἱ ἀστέρες ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ εἱλέονται Luc.): ἐν [[ποσί]] τινι εἱλέεσθαι Her. попадаться кому-л. на каждом шагу (досл. катиться у чьих-л. ног);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> med. бегать вокруг, метаться (μύρμηκες εἱλούμενοι Luc.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> гнать, теснить, преследовать (Ἀχαιοὺς ἐπὶ πρύμνῃσιν, θῆρας Hom.; [[πνεῦμα]] εἱλούμενον [[κάτωθεν]] [[ἄνω]] Arst.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> загонять (ἐνὶ [[σπῆϊ]], sc. τινας Hom.; οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι εἱλούμενοι ἐν ὀλίγῳ Plut.).
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+{{etym
+|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">press together, draw together, fence in</b> (Hom.)<br />Other forms: Ep. Delph. also <b class="b3">εἴλομαι</b> in <b class="b3">εἰλόμενος</b>, <b class="b3">εἰλέσθω(ν</b>), Dor. El. <b class="b3">Ϝηλέω</b>, Att. sometimes <b class="b3">ἴλλω</b>, <b class="b3">εἴλλω</b> (cf. below), aor. <b class="b3">ἔλσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἐέλσαι</b> (Ep.), med.-pass. <b class="b3">ἀλήμεναι</b>, <b class="b3">ἀλῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">ἀλείς</b>, perf. med. <b class="b3">ἔελμαι</b>, <b class="b3">-μένος</b> (Ep.), perfect preterite <b class="b3">ἐόλει</b>? (Pi., s. below); from there the new <b class="b3">εἰλῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">εἰλήσω</b>, <b class="b3">εἴλημαι</b>, <b class="b3">εἰλήθην</b> (Ion. Hell.)<br />Compounds: With prefix <b class="b3">ἀπ(ο-</b>), e. g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-Ϝηλέω</b> (El.), <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐγ-Ϝηληθίωντι</b> (Her.) = <b class="b3">ἐξ-ειληθῶσι</b>, <b class="b3">κατ(α</b>)-, e. g. <b class="b3">κατα-Ϝελμένος</b> (Cret.), <b class="b3">προσ-</b> (<b class="b3">προτι-</b>), <b class="b3">συν-ειλέω</b>, -(<b class="b3">ε)ίλλω</b> etc. with diff. shades of meaning.<br />Derivatives: Of the derivatives most have become formally and semantically independent: <b class="b3">ἁλής</b>, <b class="b3">ἀολλής</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξουλή</b>, <b class="b3">ἴλη</b> (<b class="b3">εἴλη</b>), <b class="b3">οὑλαμός</b> (s. vv.). Further: <b class="b3">βήλημα κώλυμα</b>, <b class="b3">φράγμα ἐν ποταμῳ̃</b> H.; i. e. <b class="b3">Ϝήλημα</b>, Mess. <b class="b3">ἤλημα</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-είλησις</b> <b class="b2">pressing together, what is pressed</b> or <b class="b2">what is drawn together</b> (Epicur. or Ael.), <b class="b3">εἰληθμός</b> (<b class="b3">εἰδ-</b> cod.) <b class="b3">συστροφή</b>, <b class="b3">φυγή</b> H., <b class="b3">προσείλημα</b> (<b class="b3">κεφαλῆς</b>) [[turban]] (Kreon Hist.; to 2?). From <b class="b3">(Ϝ)ίλλω</b> prob. <b class="b3">Ϝιλσιιος</b> gen. [[adversity]] (Pamphyl. IVa); unclear <b class="b3">ἰλλάς</b> <b class="b2">pressed together (?)</b> (S. Fr. 70, E. Fr. 837), cf. on 2. <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b>; lengthened <b class="b3">ἰλλίζει</b>, s. ib. S. also on [[εἶλαρ]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1138] <b class="b2">*u̯el-</b> <b class="b2">press together</b><br />Etymology: As the basis of <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b>, <b class="b3">Ϝηλέω</b>, to which belongs also <b class="b3">ἀπελλεῖν</b> (?, cod. <b class="b3">-ειν</b>) <b class="b3">ἀποκλείειν</b> H. (Aeol.), one may posit a nasal present <b class="b3">*Ϝελ-νέω</b>, which may be a variant of <b class="b3">εἴλω</b> < <b class="b3">*Ϝέλ-νω</b> (Schwyzer 720; cf. also 693 w. n. 11, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 130). Beside it there is a reduplicated <b class="b3">ἴλλω</b> < <b class="b3">*Ϝί-Ϝλ-ω</b> (mostly to 2. like <b class="b3">ἰλλόμενος</b> A. R. 2, 27, s. on 2.). (For <b class="b3">εἴλλω</b> vowelprothesis was assumed < <b class="b3">*ἐ-Ϝέλ-νω</b> (<b class="b3">ἐ-Ϝέλ-ιω</b>?; so Solmsen, s. below) which is now no longer possible, if not simply through (graphical) influence of <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b>. - The non-present forms were oirginally, as is to be expected, primary: aor. <b class="b3">(Ϝ)έλ-σαι</b>, perf. <b class="b3">*(Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ολα</b> in <b class="b3">ἐόλει</b> <b class="b2">(op)pressed</b> (Pi. P. 4, 233; coni. Boeckh)?, med. with secondary full grade <b class="b3">(Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ελ-μαι</b>, intr. aor. with zero grade <b class="b3">(Ϝ)αλῆ-ναι</b>; these forms were replaced by the innovations <b class="b3">εἰλῆσαι</b> etc. From the many IE words with an element <b class="b2">u̯el-</b>, only some Balto-Slavic formations can be considered as cognates of 1. <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b>. Thus Russ. <b class="b2">válom</b> <b class="b2">in mass</b>, the instrumental of a noun <b class="b2">*valъ</b> (IE <b class="b2">*u̯ōlos</b>) with many derivatives, e. g. <b class="b2">zavál</b> [[stoppage]], [[blocking]] (cf. <b class="b3">Ϝήλημα</b>); on the maning cf. esp. <b class="b3">(Ϝ)άλις</b>. An other instrumental in OCS Russ. <b class="b2">velьmí</b> [[μεγάλως]], [[very]], from <b class="b2">*velь</b> (IE <b class="b2">*u̯eli-</b>). From Baltic: Lith. <b class="b2">su-valýti</b> <b class="b2">collect (grain), reap (together)</b>; further perh. Lith. <b class="b2">veliù</b>, <b class="b2">vélti</b> (with Russ. <b class="b2">valjátь</b>) <b class="b2">to full</b>; but see also on 2. <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b>. It is not always possible to distinguish <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b> <b class="b2">press (together)</b> and <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b> [[wind]]. - On the group see Solmsen Unt. 224ff., 285ff.; s. also Burdach NJbb. 49, 254ff.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[roll]], [[turn]], [[wind]], [[revolve]] (most hell.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ἴλλω</b>, <b class="b3">εἴλλω</b> (Att.; s. below). The non-present forms, which are most compounds, are based on the presents: <b class="b3">εἰλῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">εἰλήσω</b>, <b class="b3">εἴληκα</b> etc.; from <b class="b3">ἴλλω</b> only <b class="b3">ἰλλάμην</b> (IG 5 (2) : 472, 11; Megalopolis II-IIIp).<br />Compounds: Often with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-ειλέω</b> (X., hell.), -(<b class="b3">ε)ίλλω</b> (Th. 2, 76; codd. Ar. Ra. 1066), also <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">παρ-ειλέω</b> (hell.), <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-ίλλω</b> (X., Hp.).<br />Derivatives: From <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b> : [[εἰλεός]] (s. v.; sec. adapted?); (<b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-)εἴλησις</b> <b class="b2">winding etc.</b> (Pl.), (<b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>) <b class="b3">εἴλημα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (J., Poll.); <b class="b3">εἰλετίας</b> kind of reed (Thphr.), <b class="b3">εἰλητάριον</b> [[winding]], [[roll]] (Aët.), <b class="b3">εἰληδόν</b> adv. <b class="b2">in windings</b> (AP). From <b class="b3">ἴλλω</b> : <b class="b3">ἰλλός</b> <b class="b2">looking aslant</b> (s. v.) with many derivations; <b class="b3">ἰλλάς</b> f. [[snare]], [[knot]] (Ν 572; Chantr. Form. 351) with <b class="b3">ἰλλίζει δεσμεύει</b>, <b class="b3">συστρέφει</b>, <b class="b3">ἀγελάζει</b> H. (also to 1. <b class="b3">ἴλλω</b>); unclear <b class="b3">ἰλλάδας γονάς</b> ++<b class="b3">ἀγελειὰς καὶ συστροφάς</b> H. (S. Fr. 70 and E. Fr. 837); prob. to 1. - Here also several nouns that have formally been separated from the verb: s. <b class="b3">ἕλιξ</b>, <b class="b3">εἶλιγξ</b>, <b class="b3">ἕλμις</b>, <b class="b3">ἑλένη</b>, <b class="b3">εὑλή</b>, <b class="b3">εὔληρα</b>, <b class="b3">λῶμα</b>, <b class="b3">ὅλμος</b>, <b class="b3">οὖλος</b> a. o.; further <b class="b3">ἀλινδέω</b>, also <b class="b3">αἰόλος</b>; lastly the <b class="b2">u-</b>enlarged [[εἰλύω]] with many derivatives (s. v.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1140] <b class="b2">*u̯el-</b> [[turn]], [[wind]], [[revolve]]<br />Etymology: Like 1. <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b>, (<b class="b3">ἐ)ίλλω</b> [[press]] also <b class="b3">εἰλέω</b>, <b class="b3">ἴλλω</b> [[turn]] continue a <b class="b2">n-</b>present <b class="b3">*Ϝελ-νέω</b>, resp. a reduplicated <b class="b3">*Ϝί-Ϝλ-ω</b>. The formal falling together led often also to semantic coincidence; so for A. R. <b class="b3">ἰλλόμενος</b> in 2, 27 <b class="b3">λέων</b> ... <b class="b3">ἰλλόμενός περ ὁμίλῳ</b>, also when originally not [[surrounded]], but [[pressed]], identical with the formally identical ptc. in 1, 129 <b class="b3">δεσμοῖς ἰλλόμενος</b>. - Also in the other languages there are many words that go back on the flexible notion [[turn]], [[wind]], [[revolve]] etc.; cf. e.g. OIr. [[fillim]] [[turn]], [[bend]], if with Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. d. kelt. Spr. 2, 522 an <b class="b2">n-</b>present (but hardly Lith. <b class="b2">veliù</b>, <b class="b2">vélti</b> <b class="b2">confuse hair(s)</b> (= <b class="b3">εἴλλω</b>?; s. on 1.). A special group are the <b class="b2">u-</b>enlargements, s. on [[εἰλύω]]. Further cf. Arm. [[glem]] <b class="b2">roll, throw down</b>, which may continue <b class="b2">*u̯ēl-</b> or <b class="b2">*u̯ōl-ei̯ō</b> (Meillet MSL 8, 163; 9, 144; uncertain Skt. [[valati]], <b class="b2">-te</b> (class.) [[turn]], s. Tedesco JournAmOrSoc. 67, 100ff. - See Solmsen Unt. 229ff.
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