ἑστία: Difference between revisions

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 {{elru
 |elrutext='''ἑστία:''' ион. [[ἱστίη]], дор. [[ἑστίη]] ἡ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> домашний очаг (где находились домашний жертвенник и изображения семейных богов): ἡ [[δορύξενος]] ἑ. Soph. гостеприимный очаг; ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν καθίζεσθαι Thuc. сесть у домашнего очага; ἱστίας (ион. = ἑστίας) ἐπιορκεῖν Her. ложно клясться домашними богами; μὰ τὴν πατρῴαν ἐστίαν! Soph. клянусь очагом отчего дома!;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> семейный очаг, родной дом: γυναῖκας ἔχων [[δύο]], διξὰς ἱοτίας οἴκεε Her. (Александрия), имея двух жен, жил на два дома;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> перен. обиталище (παντοδαπῶν ζῴων Arst.): [[χθόνιος]] ἑ. πατρός Soph. подземное жилище, т. е. могила отца;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> семья, семейство (αἱ [[ὀγδώκοντα]] ἱστίαι Her.; ἑστίας [[ἄμοιρος]] Xen.);<br /><b class="num">5)</b> род, потомство (Γλαύκου Her.);<br /><b class="num">6)</b> жертвенник, алтарь, святилище ([[βούθυτος]] Soph.): ἑ. βουλαία Aeschin. алтарь в [[βουλή]]; γᾶς [[μεσόμφαλος]] ἑ. Eur. срединное святилище земли, т. е. алтарь Аполлона в Дельфах; ἡ κοιντὴ ἑ. Arst., Polyb., Plut.; общий алтарь (служивший местом собраний пританеев, убежищем для искавших защиты и пр.);<br /><b class="num">7)</b> центр, средоточие (ἑ. καὶ [[μητρόπολις]] Diod.; перен. ἑ. ἤθους Plut.): ἀφ᾽ ἑστίας ἄρχεσθαι погов. Arph., Plat.; начинать с середины, т. е. с главного.
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+{{etym
+|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[hearth]], [[fireplace]], [[altar]], metaph.. <b class="b2">house, family etc.</b> (Od.), also with beginning of a personification as goddess of the hearth (h. Hom., Hes. Th. 454 etc.); later identified with Lat. [[Vesta]] (Str.).<br />Other forms: (Att., also Pi., Delph. a. o.), Ion. <b class="b3">ἱστίη</b>, Aeol. Boeot. Locr. Dor. Arc. <b class="b3">ἱστία</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in <b class="b3">ἑστι-οῦχος</b> <b class="b2">containing the hearth</b> = [[domestic]], <b class="b2">protecting the hearth</b> (trag. etc.); as 2. member in <b class="b3">ἐφ-έστιος</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπ-ίστιος</b> <b class="b2">on the hearth, belonging to ...</b> (Β 125), <b class="b3">ἀν-έστιος</b> <b class="b2">without hearth</b> (Ι 63), <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ὁμ-έστιος</b> etc.; on Att. <b class="b3">-έστιος</b> in Homer Wackernagel Unt. 9ff., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 15; diff. Solmsen Wortforsch. 214.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">Ίστιήϊα</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">monetary means of a `I.-temple</b> (Miletos Va); <b class="b3">ἑστιῶτις</b> <b class="b2">belonging to hearth (house)</b> (S. Tr. 954 [lyr.]; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 208 n. 2); <b class="b3">Ἐστ-ιασταί</b> m. pl. name of the der H.-adorers (Rhod.; cf. <b class="b3">Ἀπολλων-ιασταί</b> a. o.); <b class="b3">ἕστιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the hearth</b> (Hld., after <b class="b3">ὁμέστιος</b> a. o.). As translation of Lat. [[Vesta]], [[Vestālēs]] <b class="b3">Ἐστιαῖον</b> <b class="b2">Vesta-temple</b> (D. C.), <b class="b3">Ἐστιάδες</b> pl. [[Vestales]] (D. H., Plu.). Normal denomin. <b class="b3">ἑστιάω</b>, <b class="b3">ἱστιάω</b> (augm. <b class="b3">εἱσ-</b> in <b class="b3">εἱστίων</b> [Lys.] etc.), also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b2">receive at the hearth, feed, receive as guest</b> (Ion.-Att. Dor.) with several derivv.: <b class="b3">ἑστί-ασις</b>, <b class="b3">-αμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ασμός</b> [[entertain]], <b class="b3">ἑστιάτωρ</b> (<b class="b3">ἱστ-</b>) [[host]], with <b class="b3">ἑστιατόριον</b> (<b class="b3">ἱστια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἱστιη-</b>), also <b class="b3">ἑστιατήριον</b> (after the nouns in <b class="b3">-ήριον</b>) <b class="b2">dining-room</b> (cf. Benveniste Noms d'agent 34 and 48); <b class="b3">ἑστιατορία</b> (<b class="b3">ἱστ-</b>) [[feast]]. - Also <b class="b3">ἑστιόομαι</b> (E. Ion 1464 [lyr.] <b class="b3">δῶμα</b>) <b class="b2">get a hearth, be settled</b>.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: As collective- or abstractformation in <b class="b3">-ία</b> (cf. esp. <b class="b3">οἰκ-ία</b>, <b class="b3">κλισ-ία</b>) <b class="b3">ἑστία</b>, from where secondarily <b class="b3">ἱστία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> through sound-reduction or assimilation (Schwyzer 256 and 531, Lejeune Traité de phon. 208; diff. Buck IF 25, 259 [after <b class="b3">ἵστημι</b>] and Solmsen l. c. [unaccented <b class="b3">ἱ-</b>]), presupposes a noun <b class="b3">ἑστο-</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> [[v]]. [[t]].. - For the etymology the question of the anlaut is decisive. Against the evidence for anlaut. <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>, <b class="b3">Ϝιστιαυ</b> (PN, Mantineia IVa), <b class="b3">γιστία ἐσχάρη</b> (cod. <b class="b3">-τη</b>) H., which are doubted, there are dialect forms, where expected F fails; s. Solmsen Unt. 213ff. Therefore the old, still defended equation with Lat. [[Vesta]] is uncertain. Another explanation has not been found: to <b class="b3">ἐσχάρα</b> (Solmsen l.c.), Lat. [[sīdus]] (Ehrlich KZ 41, 289ff.), <b class="b3">ἕζομαι</b> (Bq; with <b class="b3">ἱστία</b> after <b class="b3">ἵζω</b>?), Slav. <b class="b2">jestěja</b> [[hearth]] (Machek Lingua [[posnan]]. 5, 59ff.). - See Bq and W.-Hofmann s. [[Vesta]]; also Schwyzer 58 and 227 w. n. 1, Scheller Oxytonierung 60, Fraenkel Gnomon 22, 237, Benveniste BSL 44, 53. On <b class="b3">Ἐστία</b> in gen. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 337f., v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 156ff. - As the wau is improbable, the old etymology is prob. incorrect; also <b class="b3">ε</b> > <b class="b3">ι</b> is unusual, unexpected, whereas <b class="b3">ε</b>\/<b class="b3">ι</b> in Pre-Greek is frequent; so there are two serious problems. The conclusion must be that the word is of Pre-Greek origin. Cf. Furnée, 358 A 2.
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