κείρω: Difference between revisions

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 |elnltext=κείρω, aor. ἔκειρα, ep. aor. ἔκερσα, med. ἐκειράμην, poët. med. ἐκερσάμην, η - aor. ἐκάρην, ptc. aor. pass. κερθείς; perf. act. (περι)κέκαρκα, med.-pass. κέκαρμαι, inf. κεκάρθαι, plqperf. (ἀπο)κεκάρκειν, med.-pass. ἐκεκάρμην; fut. κερῶ, Ion. fut. κερέω, med. κεροῦμαι, fut. pass. καρήσομαι afsnijden, scheren:; σοί... κόμην κερέειν dat ik voor jou mijn haar zou afsnijden Il. 23.146; κ. ἐν χροΐ tot op de huid afscheren Hdt. 4.175.1; σφέας αὐτοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἵππους κ. hun eigen haar en dat van de paarden afknippen Hdt. 9.24; ook med. zich de haren afknippen:; πολύν σοι βοστρύχων πλόκαμον κ. een grote lok haar afsnijden voor jou (als teken van rouw) Eur. Tr. 1183; ἐπὶ πένθει καρείς kaalgeschoren uit verdriet Plut. Lys. 1; uitbr. snijden, hakken:; δοῦρ ’ ἐλάτης κέρσαντες nadat ze dennenhouten balken gehakt hadden Il. 24.450; πολλὴν ὕλην κ. veel hout hakken Soph. Tr. 1196; overdr.: μηδ ’... Ἄρης κέρσειεν ἄωτον moge Ares het puikje niet neermaaien Aeschl. Suppl. 666. verwoesten, plunderen:; κτήματα κ. het bezit plunderen Od. 1.378; ἐκείρετο ἡ Ἀττικὴ χώρη ὑπὸ τοῦ πεζοῦ στρατοῦ het Attische land werd verwoest door het voetleger Hdt. 8.65.1; ἔκειρε πολύκερων φόνον hij richtte een slachting aan onder het hoornvee Soph. Ai. 55; wegvreten:. γῦπε δέ μιν... ἧπαρ ἔκειρον twee gieren vraten zijn lever weg Od. 11.578.
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+{{etym
+|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">cut (off), shave, esp. of hair, mow off, cut down, ravage</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">κεῖραι</b>, ep. also <b class="b3">κέρσαι</b>, pass. <b class="b3">καρῆναι</b> (<b class="b3">καρθέντες</b> with v. l. <b class="b3">κερθέντες</b> Pi. P. 4, 82), fut. <b class="b3">κερέω</b>, <b class="b3">κερῶ</b>, perf. pass. <b class="b3">κέκαρμαι</b>, new act. <b class="b3">κέκαρκα</b> (hell.),<br />Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>. Comp. <b class="b3">ἀ-κερσε-κόμης</b> <b class="b2">with uncut hair</b> (Υ 39), also <b class="b3">ἀ-κειρε-κόμας</b>, <b class="b3">-ης</b> (Pi.); on the form Schwyzer 442, on the meaning Fink Philol. 93, 404ff.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">κέρμα</b> n. <b class="b2">cut off piece, esp. small piece of money, change</b> (Emp. 101, 1 [not quite certain], Com., hell.) with <b class="b3">κερμάτιον</b> (hell.) and <b class="b3">κερματίζω</b> <b class="b2">change in small money</b> (Att., Arist.); from it <b class="b3">κερματιστής</b> <b class="b2">money-changer</b> (Ev. Jo. 2. 14), <b class="b3">κερματισμός</b> <b class="b2">cut into little bits</b> (Olymp.); <b class="b3">κερματόομαι</b> = <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b> (Procl.). - 2. <b class="b3">κορμός</b> m. <b class="b2">cut off piece, bobbin, trunk</b> (ψ 196) with <b class="b3">κορμίον</b> (hell.), <b class="b3">κορμηδόν</b> <b class="b2">in pieces</b> (Hld.), <b class="b3">κορμάζω</b> <b class="b2">saw into pieces</b> (D. H.). - 3. <b class="b3">κουρα</b> s. v. 4. [[καρτός]] s. v. - Cf. also <b class="b3">κόρση</b>, <b class="b3">κόρις</b>, <b class="b3">κέρτομος</b>, 2. <b class="b3">κέλωρ</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [938] <b class="b2">*ker-</b> [[cut]]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">κείρω</b> from <b class="b3">*κερ-ι̯ω</b> (Schwyzer 715, 751, 759), belongs to a widespread IE. wordgroup; but exact agreements of the Greek verb forms. Nearest is Arm. [[k]][[erem]] [[scratch]], [[shave]] (sec. aorist [[k]]<b class="b2">ere-c̣i</b>; diff. Meillet BSL 37, 12), Alb. <b class="b2">sh-kjer</b> <b class="b2">tear apart</b> (pret. ><b class="b2">sh-kora</b> < IE. <b class="b2">*kēr-</b>); further Hitt. [[karšmi]] <b class="b2">cut off</b> (with <b class="b2">s-</b>enlargement as in <b class="b3">κουρά</b>; s. v.). Frequent are forms with initial <b class="b2">*sk-</b>: Germ., OHG [[sceran]] [[scheren]], Lith. <b class="b2">skiriù</b>, <b class="b2">skìrti</b> [[separate]], OIr. <b class="b2">scar(a)im</b> [[separate]]. A <b class="b2">t-</b>enlargement in Skt. <b class="b2">kr̥-n-t-áti</b> [[separates]] (infixed nasal present; perf. <b class="b2">ca-kart-a</b>); this would be possible for the aorist <b class="b3">ἔκερσα</b> (if < <b class="b3">*ἔ-κερτ-σα</b>, Risch 219). - The number of nominal derivv. in the separate languages is enormous, partly parallel innoavtions. Thus formal agreement exists between <b class="b3">κέρμα</b> and Skt. <b class="b2">cárman-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">čarǝman-</b> n. [[skin]], [[hide]], OPr. [[kērmens]] m. [[body]] (IE. <b class="b2">*kér-men-</b>); diff. only in ablaut betwen <b class="b3">κορμός</b> and OCS [[krъma]] f. <b class="b2">steering oar, back part of the ship</b>, Russ. <b class="b2">kormá</b> [[puppis]]. - Further Pok. 938ff., W.-Hofmann s. [[carō]], [[cēna]], [[corium]].
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