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ἰχθῦς: Difference between revisions
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{{eles | {{eles | ||
|esgtx=[[pez]], [[Piscis]] | |esgtx=[[pez]], [[Piscis]] | ||
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|etymtx=-ύος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[fish]] (Il.; on the accent Schwyzer 377f. and Berger Münch. Stud. zur Sprachwiss. 3, 7).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, mostly with added <b class="b3">ο</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">ἰχθυο-πώλης</b> (Com.) beside <b class="b3">ἰχθυ-βόλος</b> (A., AP ; <b class="b3">-βολεύς</b> Nic., Call.; Boßhardt Die Nom. auf <b class="b3">-ευς</b> 64). As 2. member in <b class="b3">ἄν-</b>, <b class="b3">εὔ-</b>, <b class="b3">πολύ-ϊχθυς</b> (Str.), also <b class="b3">πολυ-ΐχθυος</b> (h. Ap. 417; metr. easy).<br />Derivatives: Diminutivum <b class="b3">ἰχθύδιον</b> (Com., pap., prob. from <b class="b3">-υ-ΐδιον</b> > -<b class="b3">ύδιον</b>; later <b class="b3">-υ-</b>; Schwyzer 199 and Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 177f.; diff. Chantraine Formation 70). Othe subst.: <b class="b3">ἰχθύα</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ύη</b> <b class="b2">dried fish(skin), fishery</b> (medic., pap.); <b class="b3">ἰχθυήματα</b> pl. (rarely sg.) <b class="b2">fish-scales</b> (Hp.); <b class="b3">ἰχθυΐα</b> [[fishery]] (Procl.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 41); <b class="b3">ἰχθυεῖον</b> [[fishmarket]] (Nesos; uncertain); <b class="b3">ἰχθυόνερ ἰχθυαγωγοί</b> H.; cf. Schwyzer 487. - Adjectives: <b class="b3">ἰχθυόεις</b> <b class="b2">rich in fish, consisting of fish</b> (H.; on the formation Debrunner <b class="b3">Ἀντίδωρον</b> 28ff.); <b class="b3">ἰχθυώδης</b> <b class="b2">rich in fish, fish-like</b> (Hdt.); <b class="b3">ἰχθυηρός</b> <b class="b2">consisting of fish, scaly, polluted</b> (Ar., Ph.; on the unpleasant side Chantraine Formation 233), <b class="b3">ἰχθυηρά</b> f. <b class="b2">fish-taxes</b> (pap.; Mayser 1 : 3, 96); <b class="b3">ἰχθυϊκός</b> <b class="b2">regarding fish, fish-like</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">-ική</b> <b class="b2">fish-toll</b> (Magnesia, Ephesos); <b class="b3">ἰχθυακός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Aq., Sm., Thd.); <b class="b3">ἰχθύϊνος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ael.). - Verbs: <b class="b3">ἰχθυάω</b> [[fish]], also intr. <b class="b2">behave like a fish</b> (Od.), also <b class="b3">ἰχθυάζομαι</b> [[fish]] (AP). Cf. the derivv. of <b class="b3">ἅλς</b> : <b class="b3">ἁλι-εύς</b>, <b class="b3">-εύω</b>, <b class="b3">-εία</b> etc., which compete with the <b class="b3">ἰχθῦς-</b>group.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [416] <b class="b2">*dǵhuH-</b> [[fish]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[fish]] in gen., found in Armenian and Baltic: Arm. <b class="b2">ju-kn</b> (with the same enlargement as in <b class="b2">mu-kn</b> : <b class="b3">μῦς</b>), Lith. <b class="b2">žuvìs</b>, gen. pl. <b class="b2">žuv-ų̃</b>, Latv. [[zuvs]]. On the Greek vowelprothesis Schwyzer 413; on the initial consonants ibd. 325, Deroy L'Ant. class. 23, 306ff., Merlingen <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 53; cf. on <b class="b3">ἰκτῖνος</b>, <b class="b3">χθών</b> and <b class="b3">χθές</b>. The long vowel represents a laryngeal. The word is now reconstructed <b class="b2">*dǵhuH-</b>. - Beside the central word <b class="b3">ἰχθῦς-</b> [[jukn]] - <b class="b2">žuvìs</b> there was in the West (Latin, Celtic, Germanic) a different word for [[fish]], Lat. [[piscis]], OIr. [[īasc]], NHG [[Fisch]]. | |||
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