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μάχαιρα: Difference between revisions
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|elrutext='''μάχαιρα:''' ἡ<b class="num">1)</b> жертвенный нож Hom.; поварской нож Her.; садовый нож или ножницы Plat.: [[μία]] μ. Arph. бритва;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> короткая сабля или кинжал (μάχαιραν [[μᾶλλον]] ἢ ξιφος ἐπαινοῦμεν Xen.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> меч ([[βαλεῖν]] οὐκ εἰρήνην, ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν NT);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> махера (неизвестный нам минерал, похожий на железо) Arst., Plut. | |elrutext='''μάχαιρα:''' ἡ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> жертвенный нож Hom.; поварской нож Her.; садовый нож или ножницы Plat.: [[μία]] μ. Arph. бритва;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> короткая сабля или кинжал (μάχαιραν [[μᾶλλον]] ἢ ξιφος ἐπαινοῦμεν Xen.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> меч ([[βαλεῖν]] οὐκ εἰρήνην, ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν NT);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> махера (неизвестный нам минерал, похожий на железо) Arst., Plut. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">big knife, butchery knife</b> (Il.); posthom. also <b class="b2">short sword, dagger</b>.<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μαχαιρο-φόρος</b> <b class="b2">sword-bearing</b>, m. <b class="b2">sword-bearer</b> (IA), <b class="b3">ἀ-μάχαιρος</b> <b class="b2">without knife</b> (Pherecr.).<br />Derivatives: Diminut. <b class="b3">μαχαίρ-ιον</b> (Hp., X., Arist.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> f. (Com., Str.), <b class="b3">-ίδιον</b> (Ph., Luc.); further <b class="b3">μαχαιρᾶς</b> m. [[swordbearer]] (pap., inscr.; Schwyzer 461), <b class="b3">μαχαιρωτός</b> <b class="b2">equipped with shword</b> (Gal., Paul. Aeg.; Chantraine Form. 305); <b class="b3">μαχαιρίων</b>, <b class="b3">-ίωνος</b> m. plantname = <b class="b3">ξιφίον</b> (Dsc. 4, 20, v. l. <b class="b3">-ώνιον</b>; after the form of the leaves, Strömberg Pflanzenn. 44), also as PN (Paus.); <b class="b3">Μαχαιρεύς</b> m. PN (Str., sch. Pi., Boßhardt 120).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Like <b class="b3">γέραιρα</b>, <b class="b3">χίμαιρα</b>, <b class="b3">πίειρα</b> a. o. ι̯<b class="b3">α-</b>deriv. of an <b class="b2">r-</b>stem, which might interchange with an <b class="b2">n-</b>stm (<b class="b3">πίων</b>) (Schwyzer 475, Chantraine Form. 234). Of old connected with <b class="b3">μάχομαι</b>, which Chantr. finds implausible; s. v. Semitic etymolog with all reserve by Lewy Fremdw. 177 (to Hebr. <b class="b2">m ekērā</b> [[sword]]; this rather from Greek after Gordon Antiquity 30,22ff. ); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 19, 160. Lat. LW [loanword] [[machaera]]. - Cf. also <b class="b3">μάγειρος</b>. No doubt a Pre-Greek word. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">big knife, butchery knife</b> (Il.); posthom. also <b class="b2">short sword, dagger</b>.<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μαχαιρο-φόρος</b> <b class="b2">sword-bearing</b>, m. <b class="b2">sword-bearer</b> (IA), <b class="b3">ἀ-μάχαιρος</b> <b class="b2">without knife</b> (Pherecr.).<br />Derivatives: Diminut. <b class="b3">μαχαίρ-ιον</b> (Hp., X., Arist.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> f. (Com., Str.), <b class="b3">-ίδιον</b> (Ph., Luc.); further <b class="b3">μαχαιρᾶς</b> m. [[swordbearer]] (pap., inscr.; Schwyzer 461), <b class="b3">μαχαιρωτός</b> <b class="b2">equipped with shword</b> (Gal., Paul. Aeg.; Chantraine Form. 305); <b class="b3">μαχαιρίων</b>, <b class="b3">-ίωνος</b> m. plantname = <b class="b3">ξιφίον</b> (Dsc. 4, 20, v. l. <b class="b3">-ώνιον</b>; after the form of the leaves, Strömberg Pflanzenn. 44), also as PN (Paus.); <b class="b3">Μαχαιρεύς</b> m. PN (Str., sch. Pi., Boßhardt 120).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Like <b class="b3">γέραιρα</b>, <b class="b3">χίμαιρα</b>, <b class="b3">πίειρα</b> a. o. ι̯<b class="b3">α-</b>deriv. of an <b class="b2">r-</b>stem, which might interchange with an <b class="b2">n-</b>stm (<b class="b3">πίων</b>) (Schwyzer 475, Chantraine Form. 234). Of old connected with <b class="b3">μάχομαι</b>, which Chantr. finds implausible; s. v. Semitic etymolog with all reserve by Lewy Fremdw. 177 (to Hebr. <b class="b2">m ekērā</b> [[sword]]; this rather from Greek after Gordon Antiquity 30,22ff. ); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 19, 160. Lat. LW [loanword] [[machaera]]. - Cf. also <b class="b3">μάγειρος</b>. No doubt a Pre-Greek word. | ||
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