ἐξουσία: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, (ἔξεστι) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">power, authority</b> to do a thing, c. inf., χαίρειν καὶ νοσεῖν ἐ. πάρεστι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>88.11</span> codd.; αὐτῷ ἐ. ἦν σαφῶς εἰδέναι <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.7.12</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξουσίαν ὁ νόμος δέδωκε</b> <b class="b2">permission</b> to do... <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Smp.</span>182e</span>; ἐ. ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>51d</span>, etc.; ἐ. λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">And.2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.6.24</span>, etc.; λαβὼν ἐ. ὥστε . . <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.45</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τῇ τῆς εἰρήνης ἐ</b>. with the <b class="b2">freedom permitted</b> by peace, <span class="bibl">D.18.44</span>: c. gen. objecti, <b class="b3">ἐ. ἔχειν θανάτου</b> <b class="b2">power</b> of life and death, <span class="bibl">Poll.8.86</span>; <b class="b3">πρᾶγμα οὗ τὴν ἐ. ἔχουσιν ἄλλοι</b> <b class="b2">control</b> over... <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen.57</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. τινός</b> <b class="b2">power over, licence in</b> a thing, τοῦ λέγειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>461e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μεγάλῃ ἐ. τοῦ ἀδικεῖν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">526a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>554c</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ τὴν οὐκ ἐ. τῆς ἀγωνίσεως</b> from want of <b class="b2">qualification for .</b>., <span class="bibl">Th.5.50</span>: abs., <b class="b2">power, authority</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>784</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">abuse of authority, licence, arrogance</b>, ὕβρις καὶ ἐ. <span class="bibl">Th.1.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.45</span>, <span class="bibl">D.19.200</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ἄγαν ἐ</b>. ib.272; ἄμετρος ἐ. <span class="title">OGI</span>669.51 (i A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> Lit. Crit., <b class="b3">ἐ. ποιητική</b> poetic <b class="b2">licence</b>, <span class="bibl">Str.1.2.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>1.10b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">office, magistracy</b>, ἀρχαὶ καὶ ἐ. Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.135b; οἱ ἐν ταῖς ἐ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1095b21</span>; οἱ ἐν ἐ. ὄντες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1384a1</span>; οἱ ἐπ' ἐξουσιῶν <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Da.</span>3.2</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ὑπατικὴ ἐ</b>. the <b class="b2">consulate</b>, <span class="bibl">D.S. 14.113</span>, etc.; also ἡ ὕπατος ἐ. <span class="bibl">D.H.7.1</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ταμιευτικὴ ἐ</b>. the <b class="b2">quaestorship</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.8.77</span>; <b class="b3">δημαρχικὴ ἐ</b>., v. [[δημαρχικός; ἡ τοῦ θαλάμου ἐ]]., in the Roman empire, <b class="b2">lordship</b> of the bedchamber, <span class="bibl">Hdn.1.12.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> concrete, <b class="b2">body of magistrates</b>, <span class="bibl">D.H.11.32</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ ἐ</b>. (as we say) the <b class="b2">authorities</b>, Ev.Luc.12.11,al., <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Phil.</span>17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἡ ἐ</b>. as an honorary title, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1103</span> (iv A.D.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">abundance of means, resources</b>, ἐξουσίας ἐπίδειξις <span class="bibl">Th.6.31</span>; πλοῦτος καὶ ἐ. <span class="bibl">Id.1.123</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D. 21.138</span>; ἐνδεεστέρως ἢ πρὸς τὴν ἐ. <span class="bibl">Th.4.39</span>; τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἐ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 828d</span>; <b class="b2">excessive wealth</b>, opp. <b class="b3">οὐσία</b>, <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>25a.5D. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">pomp</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Aem.</span>34</span>.</span>

|astxt=[[ἐξουσία]], -ας, ἡ (< [[ἔξεστι]]), [in LXX: IV Ki 20:13, Ps 113 (114):2 135 (136)8, 9, Is 39:2, Je 28 (51):28 (מֶמְשָׁלָה), freq. in Da for Aram. שָׁלְטָן, etc., Wi 10:14, Si 9:13, al.;] <br /><b class="num">1.</b>[[prop]]., [[liberty]] or [[power]] to [[act]], [[freedom]] to [[exercise]] the [[inward]] [[force]] or [[faculty]] expressed by [[δύναμις]] (q.v.): I Co 9:12; ἐ. ἔχειν, II Th 3:9; id. seq. inf., Jo 10:18, I Co 9:4, 5; c. gen. obj., Ro 9:21; seq. [[ἐπί]], c. acc., Re 22:14; [[περί]], I Co 7:37. <br /><b class="num">2.</b>Later(cf. Milligan, Th., 114; MM, Exp., xiv), of the [[power]] of [[right]], [[authority]]: Mt 21:33, Mk 11:28, Lk 20:2; of Messianic [[authority]], Mt 9:6, Mk 2:10, al.; of apostolic [[authority]], II Co 10:8 13:10; of the [[authority]] of [[government]]: Mt 8:9 28:18, Ju 25, Re 12:10, al.; esp. of [[judicial]] [[authority]], Lk 20:20, Jo 19:10, 11. <br /><b class="num">3.</b>[[Meton]].,<br /><b class="num">(a)</b>[[jurisdiction]]: Lk 23:7 (cf. I Mac 6:11, Is 39:2); <br /><b class="num">(b)</b>a [[ruler]] or [[magistrate]]: Ro 13:1-3; pl., Lk 12:11, Ro 13:1, Tit 3:1; <br /><b class="num">(c)</b>of supramundane powers (syn. [[with]] [[ἀρχή]], [[δύναμις]], [[θρόνος]], [[κυριότης]]): I Co 15:24, Eph 1:21 3:10, Col 2:10, I Pe 3:22, al. (Cremer. 236). SYN.: v.s. [[δύναμις]].