σέβομαι: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to shy from smth., to feel ashamed</b>, posthom. <b class="b2">to be in awe, to honour</b>, esp. as regards the gods (Δ 242).<br />Other forms: also <b class="b3">σέβω</b> (Pi., trag., rarely in prose; cf. Schw.-Debrunner 234), nonpres. forms quite rare: aor. pass. <b class="b3">σεφθῆναι</b> (S. Fr. 164, Pl. Phdr. 254b), fut. <b class="b3">σεβήσομαι</b> (pap. IIp).<br />Compounds: Rarely with <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀντι-</b>.<br />Derivatives: A. <b class="b3">σέβας</b> n. (only nom. a. acc.; pl. <b class="b3">σέβη</b> A. Supp. 755) <b class="b2">(sacred) awe, amazement, worship, object of awe, of worship</b> (ep. poet. Il.); after <b class="b3">γέρας</b>? (cf. Chantraine Form. 422; s. also on <b class="b3">σεμνός</b>); as 2. member, after the <b class="b3">εσ-</b>stems, <b class="b3">-σεβής</b> (Schwyzer 514; aslo relation to <b class="b3">σέβομαι</b> is possible), s.g. <b class="b3">εὑ-σεβής</b> <b class="b2">God-fearing, pious</b> (Thgn., Pi. etc.) with <b class="b3">εὑσέβ-εια</b>, <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ημα</b>; after this and after <b class="b3">ἀσέβημα</b> the simplex <b class="b3">σέβημα</b> n. [[worship]] (Orph.). From <b class="b3">σέβας</b>: 1. the aorist <b class="b3">σεβάσσατο</b> (Il.), to which <b class="b3">σεβάζομαι</b>, <b class="b3">σεβασθῆναι</b> (late) = <b class="b3">σέβομαι</b>. From this a. <b class="b3">σεβάσεις</b> pl. [[deferences]] (Epicur.); b. <b class="b3">-σμα</b> n. <b class="b2">object of worship, shrine</b> (D. H., NT etc.); c. <b class="b3">-σμός</b> m. [[worship]] (hell. a. late) with <b class="b3">-σμιος</b>, <b class="b3">-σμιότης</b>; d. <b class="b3">-στός</b> [[venerable]], [[reverend]], [[elevated]], = Lat. Augustus (D. H., Str. etc.; also to <b class="b3">σέβας</b>) with <b class="b3">-στιος</b>, <b class="b3">-στικός</b>, <b class="b3">-στεύω</b>, <b class="b3">-στεῖον</b>. 2. <b class="b3">σεβίζομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> = <b class="b3">σέβο-μαι</b> (Pi., trag. a.o.; can also be enlargement of <b class="b3">σέβομαι</b>) with <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> n. (sch.). -- B. Verbal adj. <b class="b3">σεπτός</b> [[venerable]] (A. Pr. 812, late prose), mostly comp., <b class="b3">ἄ-</b>, <b class="b3">περί-</b>, <b class="b3">θεό-σεπτος</b> a.o. (trag. a.o.); <b class="b3">σεπτ-ικός</b>, <b class="b3">-εύω</b> H. C. nom. ag. <b class="b3">θεο-σέπτωρ</b> m. <b class="b2">worshiper of gods</b> (E. Hipp. 1364 [anap.]; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 28). D. <b class="b3">σέβερος εὑσεβής</b>, <b class="b3">δίκαιος</b> H. -- On [[σεμνός]] and [[σοβέω]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1086] <b class="b2">*ti̯egʷ-</b> <b class="b2">have respcct for smb.</b><br />Etymology: Phonetically possible, but at least at first sight semant. not very convincing is the connection with Skt. [[tyajati]] <b class="b2">desert, leave alone, abandon</b> (Brugmann IF 25, 301 ff., WP. 1, 746, Pok. 1086). The causative [[σοβέω]] (s. v.) points for <b class="b3">σέβομαι</b> to an orig. meaning <b class="b2">run away, flee</b> v. t.; from this <b class="b2">(schameful) redress for sth., yield</b>? Doubts by Mayrhofer s.v. (w. lit.); agreement by v. Erffa <b class="b3">Αἰδώς</b> (Phil. Supp. 30: 2) 27 f. The equation of <b class="b3">σεπτός</b> with <b class="b2">tyaktá-</b>, of <b class="b3">θεο-σέπτωρ</b> with <b class="b2">tyaktar-</b>, to which also the <b class="b2">s-</b>stems <b class="b3">σέβας</b>: <b class="b2">tyajas-</b> (Porzig Satzinhalte 301), is without impostance for the etymology, as it could be monolingual innovations. Acc. to v. Windekens Orbis 14, 117 here also Toch. AB <b class="b2">yäk-</b> <b class="b2">negligent, careless, be c.</b>; doubtable.

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