κριός: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[ram]] (Od.; on the meaning as opposed to <b class="b3">ἀρνειός</b> Benveniste BSL 45, 103), often metaph., esp. = <b class="b2">battering ram</b> (X., Plb., hell. inscr.); also name of a plant, <b class="b2">kind of chickpea</b> (Thphr., hell. pap., Dsc.; s. below), and a sea-monster (Ael., Opp.; Strömberg Fischnamen 102).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">κριο-πρόσωπος</b> <b class="b2">with a ram's face</b> (Hdt.), <b class="b3">ἀντί-κριος</b> <b class="b2">enemy batt. ram</b> (Aen. Tact.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κριώδης</b> <b class="b2">ram-like</b> (Ph.); <b class="b3">κρίωμα</b> <b class="b2">kind of ship</b> (Aq.), also <b class="b2">batt. ram</b> (Apollod. Poliorc.?);<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: On the formation Chantraine Formation 187. Generally as <b class="b3">*κρι-Ϝός</b> connected with <b class="b3">κέρας</b> [[horn]], but this is impossible because of the laryngeal (<b class="b2">*ḱerh₂-</b>). Connection was sought esp. with the Germanic name of the reindeer, OWNo. [[hreinn]], OE [[hrān]] (IE <b class="b2">*ḱroi-no-</b>) (Persson Beitr. 2, 774; 891; 910 and Specht Ursprung 127 a. 138). Formally closer are some Balto-Slavic words for <b class="b2">curb etc.</b>, e.g. ORuss. Csl. [[krivъ]] <b class="b3">σκολιός</b>', Lith. <b class="b2">kreĩvas</b>, Eastlith. <b class="b2">kraĩvas</b> [[oblique]], [[curbed]], [[bent]] (cf. on [[κροιός]]); the ram would then have been called after his crooked horns. - As name of a kind of chickpea <b class="b3">κριός</b> has nothing to do with Lat. [[cicer]] (Bq, Pok. 598); the plant has rather its name from its curbed shells, s. Strömberg Theophrastea 50. - Forssman, IF 101 (1996) 304 suggests connection with Goth. [[hrisjan]] [[shake]], [[dally]], from <b class="b2">*kris-</b>.

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