κόραξ: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=-ακος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[raven]] (Thgn., Pi.; <b class="b3">Κόρακος πέτρη</b> "raven-rock" ν 408), often metaph. <b class="b2">hook, grappling-iron, door-hook etc.</b> (hell.); also as fish-name (Diph. Siph.; s. below) and as name of a constellation (Eudox.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 191).<br />Compounds: Compp. <b class="b3">κορακο-ειδής</b> <b class="b2">raven-like</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">ὀξυ-κόρακος</b> <b class="b2">with a sharp hook</b> (Paul. Aeg.).<br />Derivatives: Some fish- and plant-names (because of the colour and the voice, resp. because of the abode; Strömberg Fischnamen 114f., Pflanzennamen 119): diminut. <b class="b3">κοράκιον</b> <b class="b2">small hook</b> (pap.), plant = <b class="b3">ἱεράκιον</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">κορακίσκος</b> (Gloss.), <b class="b3">κορακῖνος</b> m. <b class="b2">young raven</b> (Ar.), usu. fish-name, <b class="b2">Sciaena nigra</b> (Epich., Ar., Arist.) with f. <b class="b3">κορακινίς</b> (Gp.), dimin. <b class="b3">-ινίδιον</b> (Com., pap.); Lat. LW [loanword] [[coracīnus]] > Ital. [[coracino]] etc.; <b class="b3">κορακίας</b> m. <b class="b2">chough, Pyrrhocorax alpinus</b> (Arist., H.), <b class="b3">Κορακιαί</b> pl. GN in Delos (inscr. IIIa; with oppositive accent); <b class="b3">κορακεύς εἶδος ἰχθύος</b> H. (Boßhardt Die Nom. auf <b class="b3">-ευς</b> 85); <b class="b3">κοράκεως</b> m. = <b class="b3">κορώνεως</b> <b class="b2">fig-tree with raven-black fruits</b> (Hermipp. 51; cf. on <b class="b3">ἐρινεώς</b> s. <b class="b3">ἐρινεός</b>); <b class="b3">κορακησία</b> plant-name (Pythag. ap. Plin.), <b class="b3">Κορακήσιον</b> GN (Pamphylia) with <b class="b3">-ήσιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ησιωτικός</b> (Pap. IIIa); on <b class="b3">-ήσιος</b> Chantraine Formation 42, Schwyzer 466; <b class="b3">κορακώδης</b> [[ravenlike]] (Arist.), <b class="b3">κοραξός</b> <b class="b2">raven-black</b> (Str.), <b class="b3">κόραξος</b> fish-name (Xenokr.) with <b class="b3">σο-</b>suffix (Schwyzer 516, Chantraine 434); (<b class="b3">κατα-)κορακόω</b> <b class="b2">lock (with a door-hook)</b> (Mon. Ant.), <b class="b3">κοράξαι ἄγαν προσλιπαρῆσαι</b>. <b class="b3">πεποίηται παρὰ τοὺς κόρακας</b> H., prob. prop. <b class="b2">hook oneself on</b>; as backformation <b class="b3">κόρακος</b> m. [[plaster]] (Paul. Aeg.)? - <b class="b3">σκορακίζω</b> prop. "wish to go to the raven (<b class="b3">ἐς κόρακας</b>)", <b class="b2">drive away, revile</b> (Att., hell.) with <b class="b3">σκορακισμός</b> [[revilement]], [[curse]] (LXX, Plu.); cf. Schwyzer 413. - Extension on <b class="b3">κόραξ</b>, <b class="b3">κορακίας</b>, <b class="b3">κορακῖνος</b> Thompson Birds and Fishes s. vv.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [567] <b class="b2">*kor-</b> [[raven]]<br />Etymology: Onomatopoetic word in <b class="b3">-αξ</b>, cognate with the diff. formed Lat. [[corvus]] [[raven]], Gr. <b class="b3">κορώνη</b>, Lat. [[cornīx]] [[crow]], Gr. <b class="b3">κόραφος</b> bird-name (H.). In <b class="b3">-α-ξ</b> one assumes since Brugmann Grundr.2 2 : 1, 494f. because of <b class="b2">cor-n-īx</b>, <b class="b3">κορ-ών-η</b> a sonantic <b class="b2">-n̥-</b>(but <b class="b3">-ακ-</b> is productive in Greek). - More forms in Pok. 567ff., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[cornīx]]. Cf. <b class="b3">κορώνη</b>, also <b class="b3">κορκορυγή</b>; <b class="b3">κράζω</b> and <b class="b3">κρώζω</b>.

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