λικμάω: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">part the grain from the chaff, winnow</b>, metaph. [[crush]], [[destroy]] (Ε 500, B., X., LXX, pap.).<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">λικμῆσαι</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λικμητηρ</b> ́winnower', <b class="b3">λικμητρίς</b> <b class="b2">w. fan</b>, also <b class="b3">λικμήτωρ</b>, - <b class="b3">τής</b>; <b class="b3">-ητήριον</b> <b class="b2">w. fan, shovel</b>; <b class="b3">-ητὸς</b> [[winnowing]], [[scatter]]; <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to w.</b>. <b class="b3">λικμός</b>, prob. backformation' w. fan', <b class="b3">λικμαία</b> surname of Demeter. <b class="b3">λίκνον</b> n. <b class="b2">w. fan</b> (Arist.), sacred basket with first-fruits in Demeter-cult' (S., AP; cf. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 128; <b class="b3">λικνοφόρος</b> also [[cradle]] (h. Merc., Call.), <b class="b3">λικνίτης</b> surn. of Dionysos (Orph. , Plu.; Redard 210, v, Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 376), <b class="b3">-ὶτις</b> (<b class="b3">τροφή</b> S. Ichn. 269), <b class="b3">λικνίζω</b> = <b class="b3">λικμάω</b> (pap.). - <b class="b3">ν(ε)ίκλον τὸ λίκνον</b> H. - <b class="b3">ἰκμᾶν λικμᾶν</b>, <b class="b3">σῖτον καθαίρειν</b>; <b class="b3">ἰκμῶντο ἐσείοντο</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπνεοντο</b> H, <b class="b3">ἀνικμώμενα</b> (Pl. Ti. 53a; vv.ll. <b class="b3">ἀναλικνώμενα</b>, <b class="b3">ἀναλικμώμενα</b>), <b class="b3">ἀπ-ικμησαι</b>, <b class="b3">δι-ικμῶνται</b> (Thphr.) Further from H. <b class="b3">εὐ</b><<b class="b3">νί</b>><b class="b3">κμητο</b><<b class="b3">ν</b>> <b class="b3">εὐλί</b><<b class="b3">κ</b>><b class="b3">μητον</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνικλώμενον ἀνακαθαιρόμενον</b> (cf. on <b class="b3">ἀνικμώμενα</b> above) and the suffixless <b class="b3">νικᾳ̃ λικμᾳ̃</b> ̃<b class="b3">νικεῖν</b> (for <b class="b3">-κᾶν</b>?) <b class="b3">λικμᾶν</b>, <b class="b3">νείκεσεν ἔκρινεν</b>, <b class="b3">εὐνικές εὐκρινές</b>, <b class="b3">νεικητήρ λικμητήρ</b>. <b class="b3">Μεγαρεῖς</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [761] <b class="b2">*neik-</b> <b class="b2">swing (cereals) for winnowing</b><br />Etymology: Popular word with variation of the form (as in popular words). If one may start from <b class="b3">*νίκνον</b>, <b class="b3">*νικνᾶν</b>, the forms <b class="b3">λίκνον</b> and <b class="b3">νίκλον</b>, prob. also <b class="b3">νικμᾶν</b> (in <b class="b3">εὑνίκμητον</b>) can be understood as dissimilated forms; further perhaps also <b class="b3">λικμᾶν</b> (on the formation Schwyzer 731) from <b class="b3">νικμᾶν</b> and, with loss of the anlaut, <b class="b3">ἰκμᾶν</b>, s. Bechtel Lex. s. <b class="b3">λικμάω</b> after Legerlotz KZ 8, 123f. and Schulze KZ 42. 380f. (= Kl. Schr. 58f.). Diff. on the variation <b class="b3">μ</b>:<b class="b3">ν</b> Schwyzer 338 (after J. Schmidt a. o.), on <b class="b3">ἰκμᾶν</b> J. Schmidt Kritik 108 n. 1 (from <b class="b3">ἀνικμᾶν</b>, haplologically for <b class="b3">*ἀνα-νικμᾶν</b>, wrongly interpreted). Cf. also Danielsson Eranos 14, 1ff. on the dark <b class="b3">ἀπολεικαι</b> (inscr. Miletos). - If one starts from <b class="b3">*νίκ-νον</b>, we get an attractive connection with the fullgrade and derived Lith. <b class="b2">niekóju</b>, <b class="b2">-óti</b> <b class="b2">winnow (corn)</b>, Latv. <b class="b2">niẽkât</b> <b class="b2">swing groats in a mill</b> (Bugge Curt. Stud. 4, 335 f.); cf. the suffixless Greek forms above. Also Celtic forms have been compared, e.g. Welsh [[nithio]], Bret. [[niza]] [[winnow]]. Lith. <b class="b2">liekúoti</b> <b class="b2">winnow (corn)</b> and Latv. <b class="b2">lìekša</b> [[shovel]] have nohing to do with <b class="b3">λικμάω</b> (they are folksetymological tranormations after <b class="b2">lìkti</b> <b class="b2">remain behind</b>. - WP. 2, 321, Pok. 761, Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">niekóti</b> m.

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