νάρδος: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=nardos
|Transliteration C=nardos
|Beta Code=na/rdos
|Beta Code=na/rdos
|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">spikenard, Nardostachys Jatamansi</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.7.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Nic. <span class="title">Th.</span>604</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ca.</span>1.12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>14.3</span>; ν. Ἰνδική Dsc.1.7, etc.; νάρδου στάχυς Gal.12.84, al.; cf. sq. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ν. Κελτική</b> <b class="b2">Celtic nard, Valeriana celtica</b>, Dsc.1.8, cf. <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>14.107</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ν. ὀρεινή</b> or <b class="b3">ὀρεία</b> <b class="b2">mountain nard, Valeriana Dioscoridis</b>, Dsc.1.9 (cf. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span> 9.7.4</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ν. Συριακή</b> <b class="b2">Syrian nard, Cymbopogon Iwarancusa</b>, Dsc. 1.7, cf. <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>12.45</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">νάρδου ῥίζα</b> <b class="b2">ginger grass, Cymbopogon Schoenanthus</b>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>6.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">ν. ἀγρία</b>, = [[ἄσαρον]], Dsc. 1.10; = [[φοῦ]], ib.11. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">oil of spikenard</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>6.628.7</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="title">AP</span>6.250 (Antiphil.), <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">CD</span>2.2</span>, etc.; ν. Βαβυλωνιακή <span class="bibl">Alex.308</span>. (Semitic word, cf. Bab. <b class="b2">lardu</b>.) </span>
|Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[spikenard]], [[Nardostachys jatamansi]], [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 9.7.2, Nic. ''Th.''604, [[LXX]] ''Ca.''1.12, ''Ev.Marc.''14.3; νάρδος Ἰνδική Dsc.1.7, etc.; νάρδου στάχυς Gal.12.84, al.; cf. [[ναρδόσταχυς]]<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[νάρδος Κελτική]] = [[Celtic nard]], [[Valeriana celtica]], Dsc.1.8, cf. Plin.''HN''14.107.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[νάρδος ὀρεινή]] or [[νάρδος ὀρεία]] = [[mountain nard]], [[Valeriana Dioscoridis]], Dsc.1.9 (cf. [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 9.7.4).<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[νάρδος Συριακή]] = [[Syrian nard]], [[Cymbopogon iwarancusa]], Dsc. 1.7, cf. Plin.''HN''12.45.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[νάρδου ῥίζα]] = [[ginger grass]], [[Cymbopogon schoenanthus]], Arr.''An.''6.22, cf. 7.20.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[νάρδος ἀγρία]] = [[hazelwort]], [[Asarum europaeum]], [[ἄσαρον]], Dsc. 1.10; = [[φοῦ]], ib.11.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[oil of spikenard]], ''PSI''6.628.7 (iii B.C.), ''AP''6.250 (Antiphil.), Aret.''CD''2.2, etc.; νάρδος Βαβυλωνιακή Alex.308. (Semitic word, cf. Bab. [[lardu]].)  
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{{pape
{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0229.png Seite 229]] ἡ, Narde, eine Pflanze, aus deren ährenförmiger Blüthe das wohlriechende Nardenöl bereitet wurde, Diosc.; Nic. Al. 402. – Auch das Nardenöl selbst, [[νάρδος]] ὑπὸ γλαυκῆς κλειομένη ὑάλου, Antiphil. 6 (VI, 250).
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0229.png Seite 229]] ἡ, Narde, eine Pflanze, aus deren ährenförmiger Blüte das wohlriechende Nardenöl bereitet wurde, Diosc.; Nic. Al. 402. – Auch das Nardenöl selbst, [[νάρδος]] ὑπὸ γλαυκῆς κλειομένη ὑάλου, Antiphil. 6 (VI, 250).
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{{bailly
|btext=ου (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> nard, <i>sorte de valériane, plante</i>;<br /><b>2</b> [[huile de nard]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG emprunt sémit.
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''νάρδος:''' ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> бот. [[нард]] Plut.;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[нардовое масло]] NT, Plut., Anth.
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{{ls
{{ls
|lstext='''νάρδος''': ἡ, Λατ. nardus, [[φυτόν]] τι καλούμενον καὶ νάρδου [[στάχυς]] ἢ [[ναρδόσταχυς]] (Γαλην.), Λατ. nardostachyon, spica nardi ἐν χρήσει πρὸς κατασκευὴν εὐώδους βαλσάμου ἢ μύρου τὸ αὐτὸ [[ὄνομα]] φέροντος, ἀνῆκον δὲ εἰς τὴν τάξιν Valerianaceae, Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 9. 7, 2, Διοσκ. 1. 6-8, πρβλ. Sibth. Fl. Gr. 1. 24. II. αὐτὸ τὸ [[ἔλαιον]] τῆς νάρδου, Ἀνθ. Π. 6. 250, Ἀρετ. Χρον. Νούσ. Θεραπ. 2. 2, κτλ.· ἴδε Βαβυλωνιακὴ Ἄλεξις ἐν Ἀδήλ. 55. (Λέξις σημιτικὴ κατὰ τὸν Pusey, Daniel παράρτ. G).
|lstext='''νάρδος''': ἡ, Λατ. nardus, [[φυτόν]] τι καλούμενον καὶ νάρδου [[στάχυς]] ἢ [[ναρδόσταχυς]] (Γαλην.), Λατ. nardostachyon, spica nardi ἐν χρήσει πρὸς κατασκευὴν εὐώδους βαλσάμου ἢ μύρου τὸ αὐτὸ [[ὄνομα]] φέροντος, ἀνῆκον δὲ εἰς τὴν τάξιν Valerianaceae, Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 9. 7, 2, Διοσκ. 1. 6-8, πρβλ. Sibth. Fl. Gr. 1. 24. II. αὐτὸ τὸ [[ἔλαιον]] τῆς νάρδου, Ἀνθ. Π. 6. 250, Ἀρετ. Χρον. Νούσ. Θεραπ. 2. 2, κτλ.· ἴδε Βαβυλωνιακὴ Ἄλεξις ἐν Ἀδήλ. 55. (Λέξις σημιτικὴ κατὰ τὸν Pusey, Daniel παράρτ. G).
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{{bailly
|btext=ου (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> nard, <i>sorte de valériane, plante</i>;<br /><b>2</b> huile de nard.<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG emprunt sémit.
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{{eles
{{eles
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{{StrongGR
{{StrongGR
|strgr=of [[foreign]] [[origin]] ([[compare]] נֵרְדְּ); "[[nard]]": ([[spike]]-)[[nard]].
|strgr=of [[foreign]] [[origin]] ([[compare]] נֵרְדְּ); "[[nard]]": ([[spike]]-)[[nard]].
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{{Thayer
{{Thayer
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{{lsm
{{lsm
|lsmtext='''νάρδος:''' ἡ, Λατ. [[nardus]], το [[φυτό]] [[νάρδος]] ή [[ναρδόσταχυς]], [[λάδι]] από [[νάρδο]], σε Ανθ. (πιθ. [[ξένη]] [[λέξη]]).
|lsmtext='''νάρδος:''' ἡ, Λατ. [[nardus]], το [[φυτό]] [[νάρδος]] ή [[ναρδόσταχυς]], [[λάδι]] από [[νάρδο]], σε Ανθ. (πιθ. [[ξένη]] [[λέξη]]).
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''νάρδος:''' ἡ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> бот. нард Plut.;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> нардовое масло NT, Plut., Anth.
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{{etym
{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">spikenard, Indian narde, Nardostachys Jatamansi</b> (hell. a. late).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">νάρδον</b> n. (Thphr. Od. 12, Poll.)<br />Compounds: Few compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ναρδό-σταχυς</b>, <b class="b3">-υος</b> m. = <b class="b3">νάρδου στάχυς</b>, <b class="b3">νάρδος</b> (Dsc., Gal.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">νάρδ-ινος</b> <b class="b2">of nard</b> (Antiph., Men., Plb.), <b class="b3">-ίτης οἶνος</b> <b class="b2">wine spiced with nard</b> (Dsc. in tit.; Redard 98), <b class="b3">-ῖτις βοτάνη</b> <b class="b2">n. -like plant</b> (Gal.; Redard 74) ; <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">resemble the nard</b> (Dsc.).<br />Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Sem.<br />Etymology: From Semit. (Phoenic.); cf. Hebr. [[nērd]], Aram. [[nirda]], Babyl. [[lardu]]. Further connection with Skt. <b class="b2">naḍá-</b>'reed, cane' (beside <b class="b2">nadá-</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>) is quite uncertain and prob. to be abandoned; rather the Semit. words come from Skt. <b class="b2">nálada-</b> n. <b class="b2">Indian narde</b> (AV), s. Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">naḍáḥ</b> and <b class="b2">náladam</b> m. -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[nardus]], <b class="b2">-um</b>; s. W.-Hofmann. Beside <b class="b3">νάρδος</b> stands <b class="b3">νάρτη</b> f. designating aromatic plants (Thphr. HP 9, 7, 3). Fur. 199 suggests that the word are of Anatolian origin (including <b class="b3">νάρθηξ</b>).
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[spikenard]], [[Indian narde]], [[Nardostachys Jatamansi]] (hell. a. late).<br />Other forms: [[νάρδον]] n. (Thphr. Od. 12, Poll.)<br />Compounds: Few compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ναρδό-σταχυς</b>, <b class="b3">-υος</b> m. = <b class="b3">νάρδου στάχυς</b>, [[νάρδος]] (Dsc., Gal.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">νάρδ-ινος</b> [[of nard]] (Antiph., Men., Plb.), <b class="b3">-ίτης οἶνος</b> [[wine spiced with nard]] (Dsc. in tit.; Redard 98), <b class="b3">-ῖτις βοτάνη</b> <b class="b2">n. -like plant</b> (Gal.; Redard 74); <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> [[resemble the nard]] (Dsc.).<br />Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Sem.<br />Etymology: From Semit. (Phoenic.); cf. Hebr. [[nērd]], Aram. [[nirda]], Babyl. [[lardu]]. Further connection with Skt. [[naḍá-]]'reed, cane' (beside [[nadá-]] <b class="b2">id.</b>) is quite uncertain and prob. to be abandoned; rather the Semit. words come from Skt. [[nálada-]] n. [[Indian narde]] (AV), s. Mayrhofer s. [[naḍáḥ]] and [[náladam]] m. -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[nardus]], [[-um]]; s. W.-Hofmann. Beside [[νάρδος]] stands [[νάρτη]] f. designating aromatic plants (Thphr. HP 9, 7, 3). Fur. 199 suggests that the word are of Anatolian origin (including [[νάρθηξ]]).
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{{mdlsj
{{mdlsj
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{{FriskDe
{{FriskDe
|ftr='''νάρδος''': {nárdos}<br />'''Forms''': ([[νάρδον]] n. Thphr. ''Od''. 12, Poll.)<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[indische Narde]], [[Nardostachys Jatamansi]] (hell. u. sp.).<br />'''Composita''' : Einzelne Kompp., z.B. [[ναρδόσταχυς]], -υος m. = νάρδου [[στάχυς]], [[νάρδος]] (Dsk., Gal.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[νάρδινος]] [[aus Narde]] (Antiph., Men., Plb. u.a.), -ίτης [[οἶνος]] ‘Wein mit N. gewürzt’ (Dsk. in tit.; Redard 98), -ῖτις [[βοτάνη]] ‘n. -ähnliche Pflanze’ (Gal.; Redard 74); -ίζω [[der Narde ähneln]] (Dsk.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Aus dem Semit. (Phönik.); vgl. hebr. ''nērd'', aram. ''nirda'', babyl. ''lardu''. Die weitere Zuruckführung auf aind. ''naḍá''-’Schilf, Rohr’ (neben ''nadá''- ib.) ist höchst unsicher und wahrscheinlich aufzugeben; eher ist mit der Möglichkeit zu rechnen, daß die semit. Wörter aus aind. ''nálada''- n. [[indische Narde]] (AV u.a.) stammen, s. Mayrhofer s. ''naḍáḥ'' und ''náladam'' m. weiterer Lit. — Lat. LW ''nardus'', -''um''; s. W.-Hofmann m. reicher Lit. Neben [[νάρδος]] steht [[νάρτη]] f. als Bez. einer aromatischen Pflanze (Thphr. ''HP'' 9, 7,3).<br />'''Page''' 2,289
|ftr='''νάρδος''': {nárdos}<br />'''Forms''': ([[νάρδον]] n. Thphr. ''Od''. 12, Poll.)<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[indische Narde]], [[Nardostachys Jatamansi]] (hell. u. sp.).<br />'''Composita''': Einzelne Kompp., z.B. [[ναρδόσταχυς]], -υος m. = νάρδου [[στάχυς]], [[νάρδος]] (Dsk., Gal.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[νάρδινος]] [[aus Narde]] (Antiph., Men., Plb. u.a.), -ίτης [[οἶνος]] ‘Wein mit N. gewürzt’ (Dsk. in tit.; Redard 98), -ῖτις [[βοτάνη]] ‘n. -ähnliche Pflanze’ (Gal.; Redard 74); -ίζω [[der Narde ähneln]] (Dsk.).<br />'''Etymology''': Aus dem Semit. (Phönik.); vgl. hebr. ''nērd'', aram. ''nirda'', babyl. ''lardu''. Die weitere Zuruckführung auf aind. ''naḍá''-’Schilf, Rohr’ (neben ''nadá''- ib.) ist höchst unsicher und wahrscheinlich aufzugeben; eher ist mit der Möglichkeit zu rechnen, daß die semit. Wörter aus aind. ''nálada''- n. [[indische Narde]] (AV u.a.) stammen, s. Mayrhofer s. ''naḍáḥ'' und ''náladam'' m. weiterer Lit. — Lat. LW ''nardus'', -''um''; s. W.-Hofmann m. reicher Lit. Neben [[νάρδος]] steht [[νάρτη]] f. als Bez. einer aromatischen Pflanze (Thphr. ''HP'' 9, 7,3).<br />'''Page''' 2,289
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{{wkpen
|wketx=[[File:Nardostachys grandiflora.jpg|thumb|Nardostachys grandiflora]]
Nardostachys jatamansi is a flowering plant of the valerian family that grows in the Himalayas. It is a source of a type of intensely aromatic amber-colored essential oil, spikenard. The oil has, since ancient times, been used as a perfume, as a traditional medicine, and in religious ceremonies. It is also called spikenard, nard, nardin, or muskroot. It is considered endangered due to overharvesting for folk medicine, overgrazing, loss of habitats, and forest degradation.
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{{wkpes
|wkestx=Nardostachys jatamansi, llamado popularmente nardo, es una especie de la antigua familia Valerianaceae, ahora incluida en Caprifoliaceae, que crece en los Himalayas de Nepal, así como en la región norte de la India y China.
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{{Chinese
{{Chinese
|sngr='''原文音譯''':n£rdoj 那而多士<p>'''詞類次數''':名詞(2)<p>'''原文字根''':甘松香 相當於: ([[נֵרְדְּ]]&#x200E;)<p>'''字義溯源''':哪噠,(一種)甘松香,(一種)植物香油。參閱希伯來文([[נֵרְדְּ]]&#x200E;)=哪噠香膏)<p/>'''出現次數''':總共(2);可(1);約(1)<p/>'''譯字彙編''':<p>1) 哪噠(2) 可14:3; 約12:3
|sngr='''原文音譯''':n£rdoj 那而多士<br />'''詞類次數''':名詞(2)<br />'''原文字根''':甘松香 相當於: ([[נֵרְדְּ]]&#x200E;)<br />'''字義溯源''':哪噠,(一種)甘松香,(一種)植物香油。參閱希伯來文([[נֵרְדְּ]]&#x200E;)=哪噠香膏)<br />'''出現次數''':總共(2);可(1);約(1)<br />'''譯字彙編''':<br />1) 哪噠(2) 可14:3; 約12:3
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{{elmes
|esmgtx=ἡ 1 bot. [[nardo]] τῶν ζʹ ἀστέρων τοῖς ζʹ ἐπιθύμασιν, ἅ ἐστιν ταῦτα· μαλάβαθρον, στύραξ, νάρδος, κόστος <b class="b3">con las siete sustancias de los siete astros, que son: hoja de cinamomo, estoraque, nardo, costo</b> P XIII 353 P XIII 19 2 [[aceite de nardos]] εἰ μὴ ἐξαλείψῃς τὴν χεῖράν σου νάρδῳ ἢ ῥοδίνῳ καὶ ἐμμάξῃς τὴν ζωγραφίαν τῷ Ἰσιακῷ μέλανι <b class="b3">a no ser que untes tu mano con aceite de nardos o rosas y manches el dibujo con tinta de Isis</b> P VII 230
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