κότος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">grudge, rancour, ill-will</b>, more inveterate than <b class="b3">χόλος</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.82</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">81</span>); τοῖσιν κ. αἰνὸν ἔθεσθε <span class="bibl">8.449</span>; τοῖσιν κότον αἰνὸν ἐνήσεις <span class="bibl">16.449</span>; κότον ἔνθετο θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Od.11.102</span>; ὁπόταν τις ἀμείλιχον καρδίᾳ κότον ἐνελάσῃ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.9</span>: freq. in A., <b class="b3">δαιμόνων κότῳ, Λοξίου κ</b>., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>635</span>, <span class="bibl">1211</span>; βαρὺς… Ζηνὸς ἱκεσίου κ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>347</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ θανόντος ἡ Δίκη πράσσει κότον</b> exacts <b class="b2">vengeance</b> for him, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>266.5</span>; never in S., once in E.(?), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>828</span> (lyr.).—Poet. and late Prose, <span class="bibl">D.H.9.51</span>.</span>

|elnltext=κότος -ου, ὁ haat, woede, wrok:. τοι κότον ἔνθετο θυμῷ hij heeft haat tegen je opgevat in zijn hart Od. 11.102; δαιμόνων κότῳ door de wrok van de goden Aeschl. Ag. 635.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[grudge]], [[hatred]] (Il.; Irmscher Götterzorn 11f.).<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e. g. <b class="b3">ἔγ-κοτος</b> [[grudging]] (A.; bahuvrihicomp.) with the denomin. <b class="b3">ἐγκοτ-έω</b> <b class="b2">be full of grudging</b> (A.); and <b class="b3">ἐγκότημα</b>, <b class="b3">-ησις</b> (LXX) and, as backformation, <b class="b3">ἔγκοτος</b> (Hdt.) <b class="b2">id.</b> (diff. on <b class="b3">ἔγκοτος</b> Strömberg Prefix Studies 116); also <b class="b3">ἐγκότιος</b> adj. (Salamis on Cyprus).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κοτήεις</b> [[grudging]] (Ε 191); <b class="b3">-ήεις</b> analog. for <b class="b3">κοτόεις</b> (A. D., EM), Schwyzer 527; cf. also Thieme Studien 71 n. 3. - Beside it, prob. as denomin. (s. below) <b class="b3">κοτέω</b>, <b class="b3">-έομαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">κοτέσσασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">-έσαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">κοτέσσομαι</b>, perf. ptc. dat. <b class="b3">κεκοτηότι</b> [[grudge]] (Il.); also <b class="b3">κοταίνω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (A. Th. 485; after <b class="b3">θυμαίνω</b> a. o., s. Fraenkel Denom. 18 and on <b class="b3">θυμός</b>).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: No etymology. One compares since Fick 3, 69 (e. g. Brugmann Grundr.2 1, 630) a Celto-Germanic word for [[struggle]], [[fight]], e. g. Welsh <b class="b2">catu-</b> in <b class="b2">Catu-rīges</b>, OHG <b class="b2">hadu-</b> in <b class="b2">Hadu-brand</b> and, with diff. suffix, MHG [[hader]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, with further Slav., e. g. Russ.-CS. [[kotora]] [[fight]]; futher with palatal anlaut Skt. <b class="b2">śátru-</b> [[enemy]]. Rejecting this etymology WP. 1, 454 (cf. 1, 339), also after Fick (1, 45), adduce Lat. [[cōs]] [[whettone]] (s. <b class="b3">κῶνος</b>). But in both cases there is no morphological argumentation. If <b class="b3">κότος</b> were an old <b class="b2">s-</b>stem (Fraenkel KZ 43, 193ff.), it would fit better to the <b class="b2">u-</b> and <b class="b2">r-</b>stems in <b class="b2">catu-</b>, [[hader]]; but <b class="b3">κοτέσσασθαι</b> can be explained as analogical (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 349). - Machek Stud. in hon. Acad. d. Dečev 49f. compares Czech. <b class="b2">katiti se</b> <b class="b2">annoy onself</b>.