ὄργυια: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. ὄργυᾰ, ᾶς, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1672.9 ; Ion. ὄργυιᾰ, ῆς, ἡ (v. infr.): (ὀρέγω):—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">the length of the outstretched arms</b>, about 6 <b class="b2">feet</b> or I <b class="b2">fathom</b>, ἕστηκε ξύλον . . ὅσον τ' ὄργυι' ὑπὲρ αἴης <span class="bibl">Il.23.327</span> ; τοῦ μὲν ὅσον τ' ὄργυιαν ἐγὼν ἀπέκοψα <span class="bibl">Od.9.325</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.167</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.3.19</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> more precisely, αἱ ἑκατὸν ὀργυιαὶ δίκαιαί εἰσι στάδιον ἑξάπλεθρον, ἑξαπέδου τῆς ὀργυιῆς μετρεομένης καὶ τετραπήχεος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.149</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.41</span>,<span class="bibl">86</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHal.</span> 1.98</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>669.39</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">rod for measuring land</b>, = <span class="bibl">91</span>/<span class="bibl">4</span> <b class="b3">σπιθαμαὶ βασιλικαί</b>, Hero <b class="b2">*Geom</b>.4.11 :—poet. also ὀρόγυια (q.v.): in compds. <b class="b3">-ωρυγ-</b>, v. [[δεκ-ώρυγος]]. (Proparox. in nom. and acc. sg., Hom. ll.cc. ; oxyt. or perispom. in other cases, cf. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.613</span>, al. ; in Ion. the nom. and acc. sg. end in <b class="b3">-ᾰ, -ᾰν</b>, as in Att., Hom. ll.cc., the gen. and dat. sg. in <b class="b3">-ῆς, -ῇ</b> (acc. <b class="b3">ὀργυιήν</b> before consonant in <span class="bibl">Arat.69</span>,<span class="bibl">196</span>, is corrected to <b class="b3">ὄργυιαν</b> by Voss); <b class="b3">ὀργυιά, -άν</b> in late Gr., Hero l.c., etc.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[fathom]] (Ψ 327).<br />Other forms: (Att. inscr. <b class="b3">-υα</b>), also <b class="b3">ὀρόγυια</b> (Pi.), <b class="b3">-ᾶς</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆς</b>, pl. <b class="b3">αί</b> (cf. below).<br />Compounds: As 2. member beside regelar and usual <b class="b3">-όργυιος</b> (λ 312) also <b class="b3">δεκ-ώρυγος</b> <b class="b2">ten fathoms long</b> a.o. (X. Kyn. 2,5) with comp. length. and remarkable metathesis (cf. <b class="b3">-ώνυμος</b>).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὀργυι-αῖος</b> (AP), <b class="b3">-όεις</b> (Nic.), <b class="b2">a fathom long or wide</b>, <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> in (<b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-)ωργυιωμένος</b> <b class="b2">outstretched (a fathom wide)</b> (Ctes., Hipparch., Lyc.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Subst. ptc. without reuplucation like <b class="b3">ἄγυια</b>, <b class="b3">ἅρπυια</b> (s. vv. w. lit.) a.o., from <b class="b3">ὀρέγω</b> (<b class="b3">-ομαι</b>? Fraenkel Glotta 32, 18) <b class="b2">stretch (the arms)</b> with vowel syncope conditioned by the oxytonesis (or ablaut) : <b class="b3">ὀρόγυια</b> (assim. from <b class="b3">*ὀρέγυια</b>?): <b class="b3">ὀργυιᾶς</b>, <b class="b3">-αί</b>; s. Schwyzer 255f., 381 a. 474 w. lit., also (on the meaning) 541 n. 5. Older lit. in Bq and WP. 2, 363. - The explanation as a perfect ptc. is rather difficult, both formally and semantic; for the old interpretation see Beekes Devel. 27f. Also the supposed archaic ablaut <b class="b3">ὄργυια</b> - <b class="b3">ὀρόγυια</b> is problematic; rather one thinks the o was anaptyctic, as Chantraine says in DELG ("semble secondaire"); anaptyxis is frequent in Pre-Greek (Furnée 378-385, esp. 381f.). The enaptyxis could also take the form <b class="b3">-ορυγ-</b> [from Pre-Greek <b class="b3">*αρυγ-</b>?], which explains the compound form <b class="b3">-ωρυγ-</b>, and the transition to <b class="b3">-υος</b> (Chantraine). Now that [[ἄγυια]] has proved to be a Pre-Greek word, this must also be assumed for our word. (Not in Furnée.)