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συναίρεσις: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=synairesis | |Transliteration C=synairesis | ||
|Beta Code=sunai/resis | |Beta Code=sunai/resis | ||
|Definition=εως, ἡ, < | |Definition=-εως, ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[taking together]] or [[drawing together]], <b class="b3">ἡ τῶν ἄκρων εἰς ταὐτὸ συναίρεσις</b> Longin.10.3; ς. (''[[sc.]]'' [[καρπός|καρπῶν]]) Ath.11.489f; [[contraction]], [[closing]], τῶν [[διοδεύω|διοδευθησομένων]] χωρίων Sor.2.59.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[contraction]] of front, opp. [[αὔξησις]], Ascl.''Tact.'' 11.7; [[shortening]], [[reduction]] of an estimated [[distance]], Ptol.''Geog.''1.8.3; συναίρεσις τοῦ μήκους (of a [[fractured]] [[limb]]) Sor.''Fract.''19 (συνερεισις cod.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[aggregation]], Dam.''Pr.''96; [[synthesis]], ib.277,280; [[concentration]], τῆς [[νοερός|νοερᾶς]] [[οὐσία]]ς Simp. ''in Ph.''635.32; [[generalization]], opp. [[διαίρεσις]], Elias ''in Porph.''76.19.<br><span class="bld">4</span> in Gramm., [[synaeresis]], [[syneresis]], whereby two vowels are not changed, but [[coalesce]] into a [[diphthong]], as [[ὀϊστός]], [[οἰστός]], opp. [[διαίρεσις]], Quint.''Inst.''1.5.17, A.D.''Adv.''132.25; but also [[contraction]], as of [[κύημα]] to [[κῦμα]], Gal.6.642. | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0997.png Seite 997]] ἡ, das Zusammennehmen. Bei Gramm. die Zusammenziehung zweier Vokale in einen Diphthong, eigtl. dann, wenn sie keine Veränderung erleiden; aber auch allgemein z.B. εα in η, Schol. Ar. Ach. 10. | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0997.png Seite 997]] ἡ, das [[Zusammennehmen]]. Bei Gramm. die [[Zusammenziehung]] zweier Vokale in einen Diphthong, eigtl. dann, wenn sie keine Veränderung erleiden; aber auch allgemein z.B. εα in η, Schol. Ar. Ach. 10. | ||
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|btext=εως (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[action d'assembler]];<br /><b>2</b> [[récolte]];<br /><b>3</b> [[resserrement]], [[contration]] ; <i>t. de gramm., par opp. à</i> [[διαίρεσις]] : [[synérèse]], <i>ou</i> [[diphtongaison]], [[prononciation]] de deux voyelles en une seule émission de voix (= [[synizèse]]).<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[συναιρέω]]. | |||
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|elrutext='''συναίρεσις:''' εως ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[собирание]], [[соединение]], [[сопоставление]] (τινος πρός τι Plut.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> грам. [[синэресис]] (слитное произношение смежных гласных, дифтонгизация, напр., ει из εϊ, οι из οϊ). | |||
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{{ls | {{ls | ||
|lstext='''συναίρεσις''': -εως, ἡ, τὸ λαμβάνειν ἢ ἑλκύειν πρὸς τὸ αὐτό, ἡ τῶν [[ἄκρων]] εἰς ταὐτὸ σ. Λογγῖν. 10. 3· σ. καρπῶν Ἀθήν. 489F, Πλούτ. 2. 924F. ΙΙ. [[συστολή]], Πτολ. 1. 8, 4, Εὐστ. Πονημάτ. 143. 43. 2) παρὰ γραμμ., ἡ συγχώνευσις δύο φωνηέντων ἢ φωνήεντος καὶ διφθόγγου ἐν μιᾷ λέξει εἰς μακρὸν φωνῆεν ἢ δίφθογγον, [[οἷον]], γέα, γῆ, ἀληθέϊ, ἀληθεῖ, τιμάεις, -ᾶς, ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ [[διαίρεσις]], Κυντιλ. 1. 5, 17. | |lstext='''συναίρεσις''': -εως, ἡ, τὸ λαμβάνειν ἢ ἑλκύειν πρὸς τὸ αὐτό, ἡ τῶν [[ἄκρων]] εἰς ταὐτὸ σ. Λογγῖν. 10. 3· σ. καρπῶν Ἀθήν. 489F, Πλούτ. 2. 924F. ΙΙ. [[συστολή]], Πτολ. 1. 8, 4, Εὐστ. Πονημάτ. 143. 43. 2) παρὰ γραμμ., ἡ συγχώνευσις δύο φωνηέντων ἢ φωνήεντος καὶ διφθόγγου ἐν μιᾷ λέξει εἰς μακρὸν φωνῆεν ἢ δίφθογγον, [[οἷον]], γέα, γῆ, ἀληθέϊ, ἀληθεῖ, τιμάεις, -ᾶς, ἐν ἀντιθέσει πρὸς τὸ [[διαίρεσις]], Κυντιλ. 1. 5, 17. | ||
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{{ | {{wkpen | ||
| | |wketx=In linguistics, [[synaeresis]] (/sɪˈnɛrəsɪs/; also spelled [[syneresis]]) is a phonological process of sound change in which two adjacent vowels within a word are combined into a single [[syllable]]. | ||
The opposite process, in which two adjacent vowels are pronounced separately, is known as "[[diaeresis]]". | |||
For any given word, speakers generally hold a traditional view about the standard pronunciation of that word. When realized in a careful reading style, each particular word is associated with this single, standard phonetic form. However, each word also possesses multiple non-standard or reduced phonetic forms which are produced in a greater range of contexts. These multiple variations in the pronunciation of a single word are referred to as allophonic variants. To classify one of these other forms as an allophonic variant of a word means that pronouncing the word in this way will not change the intended meaning of the word. | |||
Synaeresis is one of various phonological processes in which segments of words or phrases are lost. The general term for a loss of sound segments in the field of linguistics is known as "elision". Other types of elision include the processes of apheresis, syncope, apocope, synizesis, and synaloepha. | |||
Synaeresis comes from Greek [[συναίρεσις]] (synaíresis), a "[[contraction]]", a "taking or drawing together", from συναιρέω (synairéō), "(I) contract", "(I) grasp or seize together", derived from σύν, "with", and [[αἱρέω]], "(I) grasp, seize". Semantically, it is easy to understand how this term evolved historically. The term eventually becamer applied to a process in which vowels are taken or drawn together. | |||
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{{ | {{trml | ||
| | |trtx====[[contraction]]=== | ||
Afrikaans: verkleining; Bulgarian: скъсяване, свиване; Burmese: ချုံ့ခြင်း, ကျုံ့ခြင်း; Catalan: contracció; Chinese Mandarin: [[收縮]], [[收缩]]; Finnish: supistuminen; French: [[contraction]]; German: [[Kontraktion]], [[Abnahme]], [[Abnehmen]], [[Minderung]], [[Schrumpfen]], [[Schrumpfung]], [[Schwinden]], [[Schwindung]], [[Verengung]], [[Verkleinerung]], [[Verkürzung]], [[Zusammenziehung]], [[Stauchung]]; Greek: [[συστολή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ξυναγωγή]], [[πρόσσταλσις]], [[συναγωγή]], [[συναίρεσις]], [[συνολκή]], [[ὑπόσταλσις]]; Hebrew: התכווצות; Hungarian: összehúzás, összehúzódás; Indonesian: kontraksi; Italian: [[contrazione]]; Japanese: 収縮; Korean: 단축; Kyrgyz: кыскаруу; Latin: [[contractio]]; Macedonian: скратување; Norwegian: kontraksjon, forminskning; Occitan: contraccion; Portuguese: [[contração]]; Romanian: contracție; Russian: [[сокращение]], [[сжатие]]; Spanish: [[contracción]]; Swedish: kontraktion, minskning; Tagalog: daginsin; Tajik: дардгирӣ; Thai: การหดตัว; Uzbek: qisqarish | |||
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