ὑπερβαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> -βήσομαι <span class="bibl">Heraclit.94</span>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">ὑπερέβην</b>, Ep. 3pl. ὑπέρβᾰσαν <span class="bibl">Il.12.469</span>:—<b class="b2">step over, mount, scale</b>, c. acc., τεῖχος Il. l. c.; οὐδόν <span class="bibl">Od.8.80</span>; τείχη <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>654</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.20</span>; γεῖσα τειχέων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1180</span>; τάφρους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>111</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τοὺς οὔρους</b> <b class="b2">cross</b> the boundaries, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.108</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ὄρεα, Αἷμον</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.4.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.96</span>; <b class="b3">δόμους</b> <b class="b2">step over</b> the threshold of the house, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>382</span> codd.; δῶμα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ion</span>514</span> (troch., s. v. l.); ὑ. τέγος ὡς τοὺς γείτονας <span class="bibl">D.22.53</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τὴν οἰκίαν τινός</b>, of burglars, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>796.2</span> (ii B. C.); but more usu. <b class="b3">ὑ. εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">793vi21</span> (ii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 1007.10</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>4.396.4</span> (iii B. C.) (the usage c. gen. is more than dub.; in <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.54</span> the best codd. have <b class="b3">ἐπέβησαν</b>; in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 1049</span> Kirchhoff restored <b class="b3">ὑπεκβᾶσ'</b>; in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ion</span>220</span> Herm. supplied <b class="b3">βᾱλόν</b>): abs., ὑ. εἰς τὴν τῶν Θηβαίων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.59</span>; τῶν [ἡδονῶν] εἰς τὸ ἐπέκεινα ὑ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>587c</span>; of rivers, <b class="b2">overflow</b>, <b class="b3">ἐς τὴν χώρην, ἐς τὰς ἀρούρας</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.13</span>,<span class="bibl">14</span>; <b class="b3">εἰ ἐθελήσει ὑπερβῆναι ὁ ποταμὸς ταύτῃ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">99</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">overstep, transgress</b>, μέτρα Heraclit. l. c.; οὐ θέμιν οὐδὲ δίκαν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1.5</span>; νόμους τοὺς Περσέων <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.83</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>449</span>, al.; τοὺς ὅρκους <span class="bibl">D.11.2</span>; τὸν τῶν ἀναγκαίων ὅρον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>373d</span>; τῆς εἱμαρμένης ὅρον <span class="title">IG</span>12(7).53.32 (Amorgos, iii A. D.); <b class="b3">τἀληθές</b> <b class="b2">exceed</b> the truth, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>5.24</span>: abs., <b class="b2">transgress, trespass, sin</b>, <b class="b3">ὅτε κέν τις ὑπερβήῃ</b> (Ep. aor. subj.) καὶ ἁμάρτῃ <span class="bibl">Il.9.501</span>; ὑ. καὶ ἁμαρτάνοντες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>366a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Thess.</span>4.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">pass</b> or <b class="b2">go beyond</b>, τοὺς προσεχέας <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.89</span>; <b class="b2">leave out, omit</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>528d</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>3p.63U.</span>, Gal.15.592, etc.; ὑ. τι τῷ λόγῳ <span class="bibl">D.4.38</span>; ὑ. τὸ σαφὲς εἰπεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.60.31</span>; <b class="b2">pass over</b>, i. e. leave unmolested, the next heir, <span class="bibl">Is. 3.57</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τῆς οὐσίας</b> <b class="b2">omit</b> part of it, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>91b27</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">jump across</b> an intervening space, Phld.<span class="title">D.</span>3.9. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> of Time, <b class="b2">pass by, elapse</b>, ὑπερβάντων τῶν τῆς συμπαθείας χρόνων <span class="bibl">Sor.2.41</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">go beyond</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπερβὰς ἑβδομήκοντα [ἔτη</b>] <b class="b2">after passing</b> the age of seventy, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>755b</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τοῦτο</b> <b class="b2">go beyond</b> this, in their demands, <span class="bibl">Plb.2.15.6</span>; <b class="b2">transcend</b>, τὸν νοῦν <span class="bibl">Plot.6.7.39</span>: abs., <b class="b2">dies</b> <b class="b3">ὑπερβαίνοντες</b> <b class="b2">supernumerary</b> days in the calendar, Macr.<span class="title">Sat.</span>1.13.10. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">surpass, outdo</b>, πάσῃ παρὰ πάντας ἀνθρώπους ὑ. ἀρετῇ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>24d</span>; ὑ. ἢ γνῶσιν σαφηνείᾳ ἢ ἄγνοιαν ἀσαφείᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>478c</span>: abs., dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Thgn. 1015</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">stand over. shield, protect</b>, c. dat., <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>1.710</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> in pf., <b class="b2">to be higher than</b>, δύο [ἐσχάρας] ὑπερβεβηκυίας τὴν ἐν τῷ μεταφρένῳ ἐσχάραν <span class="bibl">Paul.Aeg.6.44</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Causal in aor. 1, <b class="b2">put over</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπερβησάτω ἐπὶ τὰς δεξιὰς πλευρὰς τὴν κνήμην</b>, as a direction to one mounting a horse, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>7.2</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1191.png Seite 1191]] (s. [[βαίνω]]), 1) <b class="b2">darübergehen</b>; – a) räumlich überschreiten, übersteigen; [[τεῖχος]], Il. 12, 468; οἱ μὲν [[τεῖχος]] ὑπέρβασαν, = ὑπερέβησαν, 469; ὅθ' ὑπέρβη λάϊνον οὐδόν, Od. 8, 80. 16, 11; οὐχ ὑπερβαίνουσι τείχη θεοί, Eur. Bacch. 653, u. öfter; τοὺς οὔρους, Her. 6, 108; [[οὔρεα]], 4, 25; von Flüssen, über die Ufer treten, ἐς τὴν χώρην, ἐς τὰς ἀρούρας, 2, 13. 14; πάντες [[ἐξελθεῖν]] καὶ ὑπερβῆναι τὰ τείχη, Thuc. 3, 20; τοὺς ὅρους, Plat. Legg. VIII, 143 c; – auch mit dem gen., τοῦ πύργου, Her. 3, 54; vgl. Eur. Ion 220. – b) <b class="b2">übertreten</b>, z. B. ein Gesetz, νόμους, Soph. Ant. 445. 477; absolut, fehlen, sündigen, ὅτε κέν τις [[ὑπερβήῃ]] καὶ ὁμάρτῃ, Il. 9, 501; vgl. Soph. [[ὅστις]] δ' ὑπερβὰς ἢ νόμους βιάζεται, Ant. 659; ὑπερβαίνοντες καὶ ἁμαρτάνοντες, Plat. Rep. II, 366 a; τὰς συνθήκας, Pol. 3, 26, 4. – c) unbeachtet lassen, <b class="b2">übergehen</b>, τί, Her. 3, 89; Plat. Crat. 415 c Tim. 54 a; Dem. u. Folgde. – 2) darüber hinausgehen,<b class="b2"> übertreffen</b>, besiegen; absolut, Theogn. 1009; Eur. Alc. 1080; τινά τινι, Einen worin, πάσῃ πάντας ἀνθρώπους ὑπερβεβηκότες ἀρετῇ, Plat. Tim. 24 d; Sp., wie Pol. 12, 13, 1. 33, 12, 10. – 3) darüberstehen, zum Schutze, vertheidigen, τινί, τεκέεσσιν ὑπερβεβαῶτα, Opp. Hal. 1, 710. – 4) trans., im aor. I., Etwas darüber wegsetzen, tragen, heben, ὑπερβησάτω τὴν κνήμην ἐπὶ τὰς δεξιὰς πλευράς, den Schenkel über das Pferd weg an die rechte Seite setzen, Xen. Equit. 7, 2.