τροπή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, (τρέπω) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">turn, turning</b>: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b3">τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο</b>: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">ὅθι τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο</b> apparently denotes a point on the horizon, prob. the West or place where the sum sets (so <span class="bibl">Eust.1787.20</span>), <span class="bibl">Od.15.404</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> each of two fixed points in the solar year, <b class="b2">the solstices</b>, first in Hes., ἠελίοιο τροπῇς <b class="b2">at the time of the (winter) solstice, Op</b>. 479; <b class="b3">μετὰ τροπὰς ἠελ</b>. ib.564,663 (with Dor. acc. pl. in <b class="b3">-ᾰς</b>) ; πεδὰ τὰς τροπάς <span class="bibl">Alcm.33.5</span>:—later the two solstices were distinguished as <b class="b3">τροπαὶ θεριναί</b> and <b class="b3">χειμεριναί</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.19</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>767c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>542b4</span> sqq., Gal.6.405, etc. (rarely in sg., τροπὴ θερινή <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span> 364b2</span>, <span class="bibl">Gem.1.13</span>; <b class="b3">τ. χειμερινή</b> ib.<span class="bibl">15</span>); τροπαὶ νότιοι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>542b11</span>; <b class="b3">τ. βόρειοι, νότιοι</b>, Plu.2.601a:—when <b class="b3">τροπαί</b> is used alone, it mostly refers to <b class="b2">the winter solstice</b>, but the sense is always determined by the context, v. Hes. ll. cc.; <b class="b3">περὶ ἡλίου τροπάς</b> (sc. <b class="b3">χειμερινάς</b>) <span class="bibl">Th.8.39</span>; εὐθὺς ἐκ τροπῶν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>542b20</span>:—sts. also of other heavenly bodies, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>39d</span>; περὶ Πλειάδος δύσιν καὶ τροπάς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>542b23</span>, etc.; ἄστρων ἐπιτολάς, δύσεις, τροπάς <span class="bibl">Alex.30.5</span>; τροπὰς τῶν ἐνδεδεμένων ἄστρων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>296b4</span>; τροπαὶ ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>2p.40U.</span>:—sts. four in number (the two equinoxes and two solstices), <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>5.11</span>, Gal.17(1).22; so (on a sun-dial) θερινὴ τ., ἰσημερινὴ τ., χειμερινὴ τ., Ἀρχ.Δελτ. 12.236 (Samos). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">turn, change</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1316a17</span>; πλείους τραπόμενος τροπὰς τοῦ Εὐρίπου <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 3.90</span>; <b class="b3">τ. πρὸς τὸ βέλτιον</b> [[turn]] for the better, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>2.25S.; ὀξυτέρας τρεπόμενος τ. τοῦ χαμαιλέοντος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alc.</span>23</span>; αἱ τοῦ κόλακος ὥσπερ πολύποδος τ. Id.2.52f; αἱ τῶ αἵματος τ. καὶ ἀλλοιώσιες <span class="bibl">Ti.Locr.102c</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ περὶ τὸν ἀέρα τ</b>. [[changes]] in the air or weather, Plu.2.946f; of wine, <b class="b2">a turning sour</b>, ib.939f (cf. [[τροπίας]]); <b class="b2">going bad</b>, of food, τ. καὶ διαφθορὰ τῶν παρακειμένων Gal.19.208; of phonetic [[change]] in language, <span class="bibl">A.D. <span class="title">Adv.</span>210.4</span>, Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.932</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">τροπαὶ λέξεως</b> <b class="b2">a change</b> of speech <b class="b2">by figures</b> or [[tropes]] (τρόποι), <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Dem.Enc.</span>6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Inv.</span>4.10</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">αἱ τροπαί</b>, = [[αἱ τροπαῖαι]], [[alternating]] winds, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 940b16</span>, <span class="bibl">21</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>2.3.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Vent.</span>26</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">the turning about of the enemy, putting to flight</b> or [[routing]] him, <b class="b3">τροπήν</b> (or <b class="b3">τροπάς</b>) <b class="b3"> τινος ποιεῖν</b> or <b class="b3">ποιεῖσθαι</b> put one to [[flight]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>246</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">Th.2.19</span>, <span class="bibl">6.69</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἵαν ἂν τροπὴν Εὐρυσθέως θείμην</b> (<b class="b3">θείην</b> codd.) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span> 743</span>; τροπὴ γινομένη <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.167</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.49</span>,<span class="bibl">50</span>, etc.: poet., ἐν μάχης τροπῇ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1237</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τροπῇ δορός</b> in <b class="b2">the rout</b> caused by the spear, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1275</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>82</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> used by Democr. for <b class="b3">θέσις</b>, [[position]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>985b17</span>, <span class="bibl">1042b14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plot.4.5.2</span>, <span class="bibl">4.5.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">a coin</b>, Hsch.; cf. [[τροπαϊκόν]].</span>