ἴσχω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=redupl. form of <b class="b3">ἔχω</b> (only found in pres., and impf. Act. and Pass., Ep. inf. <b class="b3">ἰσχέμεναι, ἰσχέμεν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.330</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.17.501</span>), but in Hom. and Hes. almost always with a limited sense, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">keep back, restrain</b> (v. infr. 11), δέος ἴσχει τινά <span class="bibl">Il.5.812</span>,<span class="bibl">817</span>, etc.; ἴ. τινὰ ἀνάγκῃ <span class="bibl">Od.4.558</span>; θυμὸν ἴ. ἐν στήθεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.9.256</span>; Ζεὺς ἴσχεν ἑὸν μένος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>687</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδ' ἔτι σηκοὶ ἴσχουσι</b> (the calves) <span class="bibl">Od.10.413</span>; [πρὼν] ἴσχει ῥέεθρα <span class="bibl">Il.17.750</span>; <b class="b3">ἵππους ἴ</b>. <span class="bibl">15.456</span>, etc.; ἶσχον βουλομένους τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἐς τὸ πρόσω παριέναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.77</span>; μηδὲν ἡμᾶς ἰσχέτω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1264</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδέποτέ γ' ἴσχει θύρα</b>, prov. of those who keep open house, <span class="bibl">Eup.265</span>; ἴσχε στόμα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1244</span>; ἴσχε δακὼν στόμα σόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>976</span> (anap.); τὸ ἴσχον τὴν πορείαν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.5.13</span>; <b class="b3">χείμαρρον . . ἕρκεα ἴσχει ἀλωάων</b> [[keep]] it [[back]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.90</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ξίφος ἴ. τινός</b> <b class="b2">to keep</b> it [[from]] him, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1656</span>; <b class="b3">ἴ. τῆς ῥοῆς, τοῦ ἰέναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>416b</span>, <span class="bibl">420e</span>: folld. by inf., ἴ. τινὰ μὴ πράσσειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>661</span>:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be checked</b>, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>15.3</span>: also impers., <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ ἴσχετο</b> here <b class="b2">the matter stopped</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.3.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> abs., <b class="b3">ἴσχε</b> <b class="b2">hold, stay, stop!</b> <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>1052</span>, S.<span class="title">Ichn.</span>95; of ships, <b class="b2">put in</b>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">Th.2.91</span>; Pol&lt;*&gt; ταῖς πόλεσι <span class="bibl">Id.7.35</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.R.2.390</span>; of rivers, [[stop]], <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>5</span>. <span class="bibl">9.4</span>:—in this sense Hom. uses Med. or Pass., ἴσχεσθ' Ἀργεῖοι, μὴ φεύγετε <span class="bibl">Od.24.54</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.3.82</span>; ἴσχεο <b class="b2">check thyself, be calm</b>, <span class="bibl">1.214</span>, <span class="bibl">2.247</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.22.356</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">keep quiet</b>, <span class="bibl">11.251</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ἴσχεσθαί τινος</b> <b class="b2">desist from</b> a thing, <span class="bibl">18.347</span>, <span class="bibl">24.323</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">hold fast, hold</b>, once in Hom., [κανόνα] ἀγχόθι στήθεος <span class="bibl">Il.23.762</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>575</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1111</span> (lyr.): metaph., <b class="b2">keep, maintain</b>, εὐφημίαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>178</span>; <b class="b3">ἐλπίσιν ἴ. τι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">138</span>; γνώμαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>853</span> (lyr.); ἐπιστήμην λαβόντα ἴσχειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>198a</span>; of outward matters, <b class="b3">ὀδύνη ἴ. τὴν γαστέρα</b> [[affects]] it, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Mul.</span>14</span>; τὸν αἶσ' ἄπλατος ἴσχει <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>256</span> (lyr.); αἱ ἄτομοι τὸν παλμὸν ἴσχουσι <b class="b2">keep up</b>, <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.8U.</span>:—Pass., φθόῃ ἴσχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.19.11</span> (s.v.l., <b class="b3">σχόμενον</b> Blass); also <b class="b3">τὸ ἰσχόμενον κατὰ διαφοράν</b> that which <b class="b2">is permanent</b> in distinction, <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.2.128</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> after Hom., [[hold]] or <b class="b2">have in possession</b>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.39</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.58</span>; <b class="b2">have a wife</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.92</span>.<b class="b3">β'</b>; of women, <b class="b3">ἴ. ἐν γαστρί</b> or simply ἴ. <b class="b2">to be pregnant</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Epid.</span>2.2.18</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μετὰ τοῦτον ἴ. Κλεόμβροτον</b> [[conceives]] Cl., <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.41</span>: generally, like [[ἔχω]], ἴσχε κἀμοῦ μνῆστιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>520</span>; <b class="b3">λῆστιν ἴ</b>. to be forgetful, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>584</span>; ἄλγος ἴ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>1031</span>; <b class="b3">γνώμαν ἴ</b>., = [[γνῶναι]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span> 214</span> (lyr.); ἴ. δοῦλον βίον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>302</span>; νοῦν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>181d</span>; ἐπωνυμίαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>130e</span>; χρώματα <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prog.</span>12</span>; κακώσιας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Art.</span>61</span>; [[receive]], [πεμπάδα] <span class="title">SIG</span>57.35 (Milet., v B.C.); <b class="b3">ἰσχέτω δίκην καὶ ὑπεχέτω</b> ib. 286.15 (iv B.C.), cf. <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).357.23 (Stymphalus, iii B.C.): c. dupl. acc., ἴ. τινὰ ξύνευνον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1301</span>; θεὸν οὐ λήξω προστάταν ἴσχων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>882</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">have in it, involve</b>, ὄλβος ἴ. φθόνον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>11.29</span>; <b class="b3">μετάστασιν ἴ</b>. <b class="b2">to be susceptible, capable of</b> cure, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>5.7</span>; ἀνάληψιν μετ' εὐπετείας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>83e</span>; <b class="b2">to be worth</b>, dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Plb.5.26.13</span>; v. [[ἰσχύω]] <span class="bibl">3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> intr., <b class="b2">to be</b>, like [[ἔχω]], ἀπολέμως ἴσχοντες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>307e</span>; εὖ ἴ. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>411c</span>; ὧδε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>38c</span>; τοῖς πᾶσι χαλεπώτερον <span class="bibl">Th.7.50</span>.</span>