ἐρεύγομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), also ἐρυγγάνω (q.v.), fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐρεύξομαι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.41</span> : aor.1 ἠρευξάμην <span class="bibl">Procop.<span class="title">Goth.</span>2.4</span> : aor. 2 ἤρῠγον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>895b22</span>, <span class="bibl">Nic. <span class="title">Al.</span>111</span>:—<b class="b2">belch out, disgorge</b>, c. acc., ἐρευγόμενοι φόνον αἵματος <span class="bibl">Il.16.162</span> ; ἰόν <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span> 232</span> : abs., [[belch]], ἐρεύγετο οἰνοβαρείων <span class="bibl">Od.9.374</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Morb.</span>2.69</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>895b12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., of volcanoes, ἐρεύγονται πυρὸς παγαί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Procop.<span class="title">Goth.</span>4.35</span> ; of a river, <b class="b2">discharge itself</b>, ἐς τὴν θάλασσαν <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>103</span>, cf. Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>11.3 : c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">ἐρεύγονται σκότον..νυκτὸς ποταμοί</b>, of the rivers of hell, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 130.8</span> ; κόλπος ἀφρὸν ἐρευγόμενος <span class="bibl">D.P.539</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Le.</span>11.10</span> ; <b class="b3">ἵππος ἐρεύγεται ἄνδρα</b>, as the description of a Centaur, <span class="title">APl.</span>4.115. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">blurt out</b> (cf. [[ἐξερυγγάνω]]), <b class="b2">belch forth, utter</b>, ἡμέρα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐρεύγεται ῥῆμα <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ps.</span>18(19).2</span> ; ἐρεύξομαι κεκρυμμένα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>13.35</span>. (Cf. Lat. [[ērūgère]], Lith. [[riáugèti]] 'belch'.)</span><br /><span class="bld">ἐρεύγομαι</span> (B), aor. 2 Act. <b class="b3">ἤρῠγον</b>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[bellow]], [[roar]], ἤρυγεν, ὡς ὅτε ταῦρος ἤρυγεν <span class="bibl">Il.20.403</span> ; <b class="b3">τόν γ' ἐρυγόντα λίπε..θυμός</b> ib.<span class="bibl">406</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅσον βαθὺς ἤρυγε λαιμός</b> [[roared]] to the full depth of his throat or voice, <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.58</span> ; of the sea, <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ δέ τ' ἄκραι ἠϊόνες βοόωσιν ἐρευγομένης ἁλὸς ἔξω</b> the headlands echo to the [[roar]] of the sea, <span class="bibl">Il.17.265</span> ; κῦμα..δεινὸν ἐρευγόμενον <span class="bibl">Od.5.403</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐρεύγεται ἤπειρόνδε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">438</span> (cf. βοάω <span class="bibl">1.2</span>):—so in later Gr., λέων ἐρεύξεται <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ho.</span>11.10</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Am.</span>3.8</span> ; <b class="b3">σκύμνος ἐρευγόμενος</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ma.</span>3.4</span> ; with v.l. [[ὠρύομαι]], ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ez.</span>22.25</span> ; cf. [[προσερεύγομαι]]. (Cf. Lat. [[rūgio]] 'roar'.)</span>

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">belch out, disgorge, discharge, vomit</b>, also metaph., e. g. of the sea (Il.), (cf. 2. <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b>).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ἐρυγγάνω</b> (Hp., Att.), aor. <b class="b3">ἤρυγον</b> (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">ἠρευξάμην</b> (Procop.), fut. <b class="b3">ἐρεύξομαι</b> (Ev. Matt. 13, 35),<br />Compounds: also with prefix <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b> a. o.,<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἔρευξις</b>, <b class="b3">ἐρευγμός</b>, also <b class="b3">ἔρυξις</b>, <b class="b3">ἐρυγμός</b>, <b class="b3">ἔρυγμα</b> with <b class="b3">ἐρυγματώδης</b> (also <b class="b3">ἐρευγματώδης</b>), <b class="b3">ἐρυγή</b> <b class="b2">belching out etc.</b> (Hp.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [871] <b class="b2">*h₁reug-</b> [[belch]]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b> (with the nasal present <b class="b3">ἐρυγγάνω</b>, like <b class="b3">πυνθάνομαι</b> beside <b class="b3">πεύθομαι</b> etc.) belongs to an expressive group of words found in several languages, e. g. Lat. <b class="b2">ē-rūgō</b> (= <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b>), Lith. <b class="b2">riáugmi</b>, <b class="b2">riáugėti</b> (athem.), Russ. iter. <b class="b2">rygátь</b> <b class="b2">have pushes, ruminate</b>; with zero grade as in <b class="b3">ἤρυγον</b> OHG <b class="b2">ita-ruchjan</b> [[ruminate]], OE [[rocettan]] (< PGm. <b class="b2">*rukatjan</b>) [[belch]], Arm. [[orcam]] (< <b class="b2">o-ruc-am</b>, iterative formation with [[prothetic]] <b class="b2">o-</b> as Gr. <b class="b3">ἐ-</b>); also NPers. <b class="b2">ā-rōγ</b> [[belch]]. - Pok. 871, W.-Hofmann s. [[ērūgō]], Ernout-Meillet s. <b class="b2">*rūgō</b>.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: in Hom. only of the sea <b class="b3">ἐρευγομένης ἁλὸς</b> (Ρ 265), <b class="b3">κῦμα</b> ... <b class="b3">δεινὸν ἐρευγόμενον</b> (ε 403), (<b class="b3">κύματα</b>) <b class="b3">ἐρεύγεται ἤπειρόνδε</b> (ε 438); the last two places to be translates with [[roar]] (cf. Ξ 394 <b class="b3">κῦμα</b> ... <b class="b3">βοάᾳ ποτὶ χέρσον</b>), but here as in Ρ 265 a stranslation <b class="b2">belch out</b> (= 1.) is also possible. [[roaring]] seems certain in the aorist <b class="b3">ἤρυγεν Υ</b> 403f. <b class="b3">ἤρυγεν ὡς ὅτε ταῦρος ἤρυγεν</b>, 406 <b class="b3">τόν γ</b>' <b class="b3">ἐρυγόντα λίπε</b> ... <b class="b3">θυμός</b>, thus also Theoc. 13, 58. Also the present and future in the LXX are used in the meaning [[roar]] (<b class="b3">σκύμνος ἐρευγόμενος</b>, <b class="b3">λέων ἐρεύξεται</b>).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐρύγμηλος Σ</b> 580 (from <b class="b3">ἐρυγμή</b> [H.] or <b class="b3">*ἐρυγμεῖν</b>; cf. Risch 41; Frisk Eranos 41, 52) is also used as adjunct of <b class="b3">ταῦρος</b>; diff. EM 379, 27 <b class="b3">ἐρυγμήλη</b> (H. <b class="b3">ἐρυγηλή</b>) <b class="b3">ἐπίθετον ῥαφανίου</b>, <b class="b3">ἴσως ἀπὸ τῆς ἐρυγῆς</b>. H. mentions also <b class="b3">ἐρυγμαίνουσα ἡ βοῦς</b> (= [[ruminator]]?, cf. to 1.). <b class="b3">καὶ ὁ ταῦρος ἐρυγμαίνων</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῆς ἐρυγμῆς</b>, and <b class="b3">ἐρυγήτωρ βοητής</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [871] <b class="b2">*h₁reug-</b> [[belch]]?<br />Etymology: Clearly both groups are not always kept separate. Cf. e.g. <b class="b3">ἡμέρα τῃ̃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐρεύγεται ῥῆμα</b> (LXX Ps. 18 [19], 2), <b class="b3">ἐρεύξομαι κεκρυμμένα</b> (Ev. Matt. 13, 35), where <b class="b2">belch out</b> are used as vulgar-expressive expressions for <b class="b2">to cry</b> etc. Clearly refer to [[roar]] etc. the ablauting [[ὀρυμαγδός]] (s. v.) and <b class="b3">ὠρυγή</b>, <b class="b3">ὠρυγμός</b>, s. <b class="b3">ὠρύομαι</b>. Other languages have comparable words with this meaning, so Lat. [[rūgiō]], [[rūgīre]] [[roar]]; in auslaut (IE [[k]]) different OCS [[rykati]] [[roar]], OE [[ryn]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (PGm. <b class="b2">*rūhjan</b>), OHG [[rohōn]] (PGm. <b class="b2">*ruhōn</b>; would be Lat. <b class="b2">*rucāre</b>; cf. [[runcāre]] [[snore]] s. [[ῥέγκω]]) s. Pok. 867f., W.-Hofmann s. [[rūgiō]]. - At last both 1. and 2. <b class="b3">ἐρεύγομαι</b> etc.refer to soundgiving.