εὐθύς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εῖα, ύ, Ion. and Ep. ἰθύς (q.v.: so always in Hom.and Hdt.), <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[straight]], [[direct]], whether vertically or horizontally, opp. <b class="b3">σκολιός, καμπύλος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>194b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>602c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κατὰ τὸ εὐθὺ ἑστάναι</b> stands still with reference to <b class="b2">the vertical</b>, of a spinning top, ib.<span class="bibl">436e</span>; <b class="b3">εὐ. πλόος, ὁδοί</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.103</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>1.25</span>, etc.; εὐθυτέρα ὁδός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.4</span>; ὁδοὺς εὐθείας ἔτεμε <span class="bibl">Th.2.100</span>; ῥόμβος ἀκόντων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.93</span>; <b class="b3">εὐθείᾳ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁδῷ</b>) <b class="b2">by the straight road</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>716a</span>; εὐθεῖαν ἕρπε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>195</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν εὐ</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>384</span>; ἐπ' εὐθείας <span class="bibl">D.S.19.38</span>, Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>2.6, <span class="bibl">Plot.2.1.8</span>; so also εἰς τὸ εὐ.βλέπειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>7.17</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πλήρης τοῦ εὐθέος</b> tired <b class="b2">of going straight forward</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">14</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ἐς τὸ εὐ. τῆς ῥητορικῆς ὁδός</b> the [[direct]] road to... <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Rh.Pr.</span> 10</span>; <b class="b3">κατ' εὐθύ</b> on <b class="b2">level ground</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>21.23</span>; but <b class="b3">ἡ κατ' εὐ. τάσις</b> <b class="b2">in the direct line</b>, <span class="bibl">Apollon.Cit.2</span>; <b class="b2">on the same side</b>, Gal.8.62; also, opp. <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ ἐντός</b>, <span class="bibl">Plot.6.7.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in moral sense, [[straightforward]], [[frank]], of persons, εὐθὺν χρὴ τὸν ἑταῖρον ἔμμεν καὶ μὴ σκολιὰ φρονεῖν <span class="title">Scol.</span> 16; κοινᾶνι παρ' εὐθυτάτῳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.28</span>; ῥῆτραι <span class="bibl">Tyrt.4.6</span>; τόλμα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span> 13.12</span>; δίκα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>10.12</span>; κρῖνε δ' εὐθεῖαν δίκην <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>433</span>, cf. Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. <span class="bibl">1911.134</span> (Gonni); ὁ εὐθὺς λόγος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>492</span>; τὸ εὐ. τε καὶ τὸ ἐλεύθερον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>173a</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τοῦ εὐθέος λέγειν</b> to speak <b class="b2">straight out</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.43</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ εὐ. ὑπουργεῖν</b> <b class="b2">outright, openly, without reserve</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.34</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ εὐ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">δι' αἰνιγμάτων</b>, <span class="bibl">Paus.8.8.3</span>: in fem., τὴν εὐθεῖάν τινι συνειπεῖν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>7</span>; ἁπλῶς καὶ δι' εὐθείας Id.2.408e; <b class="b3">ἀπ' εὐθείας</b> ib.57a, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fab.</span>3</span>; <b class="b3">κατ' εὐθεῖαν</b> <b class="b2">by direct reasoning</b>, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>432</span>; <b class="b3">μηδὲν ἐξ εὐθείας παρέχει</b> (an amulet) does no good [[directly]], <span class="bibl">Sor.2.42</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">εὐθεῖα, ἡ</b>, as Subst., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> (sc. <b class="b3">γραμμή</b>) <b class="b2">straight line</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>49b35</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Euc. 1</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>7, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπ' εὐθείας εἶναι</b> lie in a <b class="b2">straight line</b>, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Con.Sph.</span>7</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τὴν αὐτὴν εὐ., ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς εὐ. ἐκτείνειν</b>, in the same [[line]], <span class="bibl">Plb. 3.113.2</span>,<span class="bibl">3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μίαν εὐ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">8</span>: Comp., εὐθυτέρα ἡ γραμμὴ γίνεται <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Mech.</span>855a24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> (sc. <b class="b3">πτῶσις</b>) <b class="b2">nominative case</b>, <span class="bibl">D.T.636.5</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D. <span class="title">Pron.</span>6.11</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κατ' εὐθύ</b> in <b class="b2">the nominative</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">SE</span>182a3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> as Adv., εὐθύς and εὐθύ, the former prop. of Time, the latter of Place, Phryn.119, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> εὐθύ, of Place, [[straight]], usu. of motion or direction, εὐθὺ Πύλονδε <b class="b2">straight to…</b>, h.Merc.342; εὐθὺ πρὸς τὰ νυμφικὰ λέχη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1242</span>; <b class="b3">εὐ. [τὴν ἐπὶ] Βαβυλῶνος</b> <b class="b2">straight towards</b>... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.37</span>: and so c. gen., <b class="b3">εὐ. τῶν κυρηβίων, εὐθὺ Πελλήνης</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>254</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>1421</span>; εὐ.τοῦ Διός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>68</span>; εὐ. τοὐρόφου <span class="bibl">Eup.47</span>; εὐ. τῆς σωτηρίας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>301</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.8.88</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀποθανούμενος ᾔει εὐ. τοῦ δαιμονίου</b> <b class="b2">in opposition to</b>... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Thg.</span>129a</span> (s.v.l.); cf. [[ἰθύς]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">νῆσον οἰκεῖ εὐθὺ Ἴστρου</b> [[opposite]]... <span class="bibl">Max.Tyr.15.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἁπλῶς]], [[simply]], καλεῖν <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.8.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.13.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> rarely of Time, <span class="bibl">Philoch.144</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1414b25</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>77.27</span> (ii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGrenf.</span>1.1.24</span> (ii B.C.), Aristeas <span class="bibl">24</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nav.</span>22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> εὐθύς, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of Time, [[straightway]], [[forthwith]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.41</span>; ὁ δ' εὐ. ὡς ἤκουσε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>361</span>; ὁ δ' εὐ. ἐξῴμωξεν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>317</span>; τὸ μὲν εὐ. τὸ δὲ καὶ διανοούμενον <span class="bibl">Th.1.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.3</span>, <span class="bibl">7.77</span>; joined with other adverbial words, τάχα δ' εὐ. ἰών <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.83</span>; εὐ. κατὰ τάχος <span class="bibl">Th.6.101</span>; <b class="b3">εὐ. παραχρῆμα</b> (v. sub <b class="b3">παραχρῆμα</b>) ; εὐ. ἀπ' αρχῆς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>84</span> (anap.); εὐ. ἐξ ἀρχῆς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ἀρχῆς εὐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1287b10</span>; εὐ. κατ' ἀρχάς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>24b</span>; ἀφ' ἑσπέρας εὐ. ἤδη <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Gall.</span>1</span>; <b class="b3">εὐ. ἐκ νέου, ἐκ παιδός</b>, [[even]] from one's youth, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>485d</span>, <span class="bibl">519a</span>; εὐ. ἐκ παιδίου <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.20</span>: with a part., εὐ. νέοι ὄντες <span class="bibl">Th.2.39</span>; εὐ. ἥκων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.7.2</span>; εὐ. ἀπεκτονώς <span class="bibl">D.23.127</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ θέρους εὐ. ἀρχομένου</b> [[just]] at the beginning of summer, <span class="bibl">Th.2.47</span>; <b class="b3">ἀρξάμενος εὐ. καθισταμένου [τοῦ πολέμου</b>] from the [[very]] beginning of the war, <span class="bibl">Id.1.1</span>; <b class="b3">εὐ. ἀποβεβηκότι</b> [[immediately]] on disembarking, <span class="bibl">Id.4.43</span>; <b class="b3">εὐ. γενομένοις</b> at <b class="b2">the moment of</b> birth, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>186b</span>: metaph., [[at once]], [[naturally]], <b class="b3">ὑπάρχει εὐθὺς γένη ἔχον τὸ ὄν</b> Being falls <b class="b2">at once</b> into genera, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Metaph.</span>1004a5</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Po.</span>1452a14</span>: with Subst., ἡ τῶν Ἰταλιωτῶν εὐθὺς φυγή <span class="bibl">Hdn.8.1.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> less freq. in a local relation, <b class="b3">ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως εὐ</b>. [[just]] above the city, <span class="bibl">Th.6.96</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' αὐτὴν εὐ. ὁ ἔσπλους ἐστίν</b> [[directly]] past it (the mole), <span class="bibl">Id.8.90</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγύτατα τούτου εὐ. ἐχομένη</b> [[immediately]] adjoining this, ibid., cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.23</span>; <b class="b3">εὐ. ἐπὶ τὴν γέφυραν</b> Foed. ap. <span class="bibl">Th.4.118</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.1</span>,<span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">2.4.24</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ages.</span>1.29</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν εὐ. Ἄργους κἀπιδαυρίας ὁδόν</b> the road <b class="b2">leading straight to</b> Argos, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1197</span> (condemned by Phot.); εὐ. Λυκείου <span class="bibl">Pherecr.110</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>498a32</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of Manner, [[directly]], [[simply]], v.l. in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>100a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> like [[αὐτίκα]] <span class="bibl">11</span>: <b class="b2">for instance, to take the first example that occurs</b>, ὥσπερ ζῷον εὐθύς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1277a6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cael.</span>284b10</span>, etc.; οἷον εὐθύς <span class="bibl">Cleom. 1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">D.Chr.11.145</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">C</span> regul. Adv. εὐθέως, used just as <b class="b3">εὐθύς</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>31</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>994</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Fr.</span>31</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>63a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἰσθόμενος εὐθέως</b> <b class="b2">as soon as</b> he perceived, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.11</span>; ἐπεὶ εὐθέως ᾔσθοντο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.2.4</span>; εὐθέως παραχρῆμα <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.20</span>, <span class="bibl">D.52.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> = [[εὐθύς]] <span class="bibl">B. 11.4</span>, <b class="b3">οἷον εὐθέως</b> as <b class="b2">for example</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.52.1</span>,<span class="bibl">12.5.6</span> (dub. sens. in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>55</span>); so <b class="b3">εὐ</b>. alone, <span class="bibl">Ph.2.589</span>. (<b class="b3">εὐθέως</b> is the commoner form in later Greek, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>34.17</span> (iii B.C.), etc.)</span>

|etymtx=-εῖα</b>, <b class="b3">-ύ<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[straight]], also metaph. [[just]]; <b class="b3">εὐθύς</b>, <b class="b3">-ύ</b> also adv. (beside <b class="b3">εὐθέως</b>) [[straightway]], [[directly]] of place and time (Pi., att.; vgl. Schwyzer 620f.).<br />Compounds: Very often as 1. member, e. g. in <b class="b3">εὐθυ-ωρία</b>, s. v.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">εὐθύτης</b> [[straightness]] (Arist.) and the denomin. <b class="b3">εὐθύνω</b> <b class="b2">make straight, direct, steer, chastise, punish</b> (Pi., att.; Schwyzer 733) with several derivv.: <b class="b3">εὔθυνσις</b> <b class="b2">make straight</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">εὐθυσμός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ph.); <b class="b3">εὐθυντήρ</b> [[steerer]], [[chastiser]] (Thgn., A., Man.) with <b class="b3">εὐθυντήριος</b> [[making straight]], [[steering]] (A. Pers. 764), <b class="b3">εὐθυντηρία</b> f. <b class="b2">the part of a ship where the rudder was fixed</b> (E. IT 1356), <b class="b2">base-wall, base</b> (inscr.), <b class="b3">-ιαῖος</b> (Didyma); <b class="b3">εὐθυντής</b> = <b class="b3">εὔθυνος</b> (Pl. Lg. 945b, c), <b class="b3">-τικός</b> (Arist., D. H.). - More usual are the postverbal expressions <b class="b3">εὔθυνος</b> m. <b class="b2">revisor of the state</b> (Pl., Arist., inscr. since Va etc.), also [[judge]], [[chastiser]] in gen. (A., E.); <b class="b3">εὔθυνα</b> f. [[public responsibility]], [[revision]] (Att.; cf. Solmsen Wortforsch. 256, Schwyzer 421 A. 3).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: No agreement outside Greek. It may have taken the place of <b class="b3">ἰθὺς</b>. Perh. cross of [[εἶθαρ]] and <b class="b3">ἰθύς</b> (s. vv.) with assimilation <b class="b3">ει</b> : <b class="b3">υ</b> > <b class="b3">ευ</b> : <b class="b3">υ</b> (Schwyzer 256); <b class="b3">εὐρύς</b> is semantically farther. See Bq.