κάρυον: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[nut]] (Epich., Ar., Thphr.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e. g. <b class="b3">καρυο-ναύτης</b> <b class="b2">wo sails in a nut</b> (Lyc.); <b class="b3">καρυό-φυλλον</b> <b class="b2">dried flower-but of the clove, Eugenia caryophyllata</b> (medic.), folketymological adaptation of a loan (Skt. <b class="b2">kaṭuka-phalam</b>?; s. Maidhof Glotta 10, 11.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">καρύα</b> f. <b class="b2">walnut-tree</b>, esp. [[hazel]], [[Corylus avellana]] (S., LXX, Thphr. usw.; on the gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 30). 2. Diminut.: <b class="b3">καρύδιον</b> (Philyll. 19) with <b class="b3">καρυδόω</b> [[castrate]], <b class="b3">καρύδωσις</b> (Hippiatr.); <b class="b3">καρυΐσκος</b> (LXX). 3. Adject.: <b class="b3">καρύ-ϊνος</b> <b class="b2">of nuts, nut-brown etc.</b>, <b class="b3">-ώδης</b>, <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> <b class="b2">nut-like</b> (hell.); <b class="b3">καρυωτός</b> <b class="b2">with nut-like hump or fruit</b> (= <b class="b2">date-tree</b>), <b class="b3">καρυῶτις</b> f. <b class="b2">kind of date</b> (hell.); substant. <b class="b3">καρυΐτης</b> <b class="b2">kind of Euphorbia</b> (Dsc.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 53, Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 72). 4. Adverb: <b class="b3">καρυηδόν</b> <b class="b2">like nuts</b> (medic.). 5. Verb: <b class="b3">καρυατίζω</b> <b class="b2">play with nuts</b> (Ph.; after the verbs in <b class="b3">-ατίζω</b>). - A further plural-form in <b class="b3">καρυήματα κάρυα</b>. <b class="b3">Λάκωνες</b> H. (after <b class="b3">τραγήματα</b> a. o.; Schwyzer 523, Chantraine Formation 178, Fraenkel Glotta 32, 26).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: All compared words differ from <b class="b3">κάρυον</b> and from one amother: Lat. [[carīna]] <b class="b2">ships keel</b> (since Enn. and Plaut.), <b class="b2">shell of a nut</b> (Plin.), Welsh [[ceri]] (< <b class="b2">*carīso-</b>) <b class="b2">pit of fruit</b>; Skt. <b class="b2">karaka-</b> m. <b class="b2">(shell of the) coco(a)-nut</b> (lex.), <b class="b2">jar for water</b>. Other doubts are: for Lat. [[carīna]] a Greek loan (from <b class="b3">καρύϊνος</b> = *`like a nut-shell' > <b class="b2">ships keel</b>?) as been supposed (W.-Hofmann s. v.); the priority of the meaning <b class="b2">coco-nut</b> beside <b class="b2">water-jar</b> for <b class="b2">karaka-</b> is doubted by Mayrhofer, see EWAia III 59 (later form). - The connection with a group <b class="b2">*kar-</b> [[heart]] (Pok. 531f.) is completely hypothetical. - Beside it occurs <b class="b3">ἄρυα τὰ ΏΗρακλεωτικὰ κάρυα</b> H., which suggests a Pre-Greek form, Fur. 591.