μέσος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, also Arc. (v. <b class="b3">ἰμέσος, μεσακόθεν</b>); Ep. μέσσος (also Aeol., Sapph.1.12, <span class="title">IG</span>11(4).1064b32, and Lyr., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.224</span>, and sts. in Trag., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>403</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1247</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>635</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>1223</span>, <span class="bibl">1236</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>255.5</span>), Boeot., Cret. μέττος, <span class="title">IG</span>7.2420.20 (iii B. C.), <span class="title">GDI</span> 5000 ii <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[b]] 2 (v B. C.):—<b class="b2">middle, in the middle</b>, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Space, esp. with Nouns, of the [[middle]] point or part, μ. σάκος <span class="bibl">Il.7.258</span>; ἱστίον <span class="bibl">1.481</span>; <b class="b3">οὐρανός</b> [[zenith]], <span class="bibl">Od.4.400</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἀπήνης</b> from [[mid]] chariot, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>812</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν αἰθέρι μ</b>. in [[mid]]-air, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>416</span>; <b class="b3">μ. μετώπῳ</b> in the [[middle]] of the forehead, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>128.30</span> (i A. D.): in Prose freq. preceding the Art., κατὰ μέσον τὸν σταθμόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.14</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μ. τῇ χώρᾳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.1.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ μ. τῆς νήσου, κατὰ μ. τὴν νῆσον</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>113d</span>, <span class="bibl">119d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μέσου τοῦ τμάματος</b> at the <b class="b2">middle point</b> of the segment, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Aequil.</span>1.6</span>; <b class="b3">ἁ ἐπὶ μέσαν τὰν βάσιν ἀγομένα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">εὐθεῖα</b>) ib.<span class="bibl">12</span>: sts. following the Noun, ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ μέσῃ <span class="bibl">D.29.12</span>: less freq. [[midmost]], [[central]], of three or more objects, μ. ὁδός <span class="bibl">Thgn.220</span>, <span class="bibl">331</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ μ. [δάκτυλος</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>523c</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μ. στῖφος</b> the [[central]] division of the army, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.8.13</span>; <b class="b3">μέσον, τό</b>, [[centre]], ἡ ἐπὶ τὸ μ. φορά <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Protr.</span>21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> with a Verb, <b class="b3">ἔχεται μ</b>. <b class="b2">by the middle, by the waist</b>, prov. from the wrestling-ring, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>387</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span> 571</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>1047</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>469</span>; μέσην λαβόντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>274</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.107</span>, <span class="bibl">D.53.17</span>; ὁ πέπλος ἐρράγη μ. <span class="bibl">Philippid.25.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. gen., <b class="b2">midway between</b>, ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀλίγον μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>303a</span> (also <b class="b3">μ. ἐπ' ἀμφότερα</b>, ibid.):—S. has μέσος ἀπὸ [τοῦ κρατῆρος] τοῦ τε πέτρου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span> 1595</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of Time, Hom. only in phrase <b class="b3">μέσον ἦμαρ</b> [[mid]]day, <span class="bibl">Il.21.111</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.288</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.113</span>; μέσαι νύκτες Sapph.52, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.181</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>7.8.12</span>, etc.; θέρευς ἔτι μέσσου ἐόντος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>502</span>; χειμῶνος μέσου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>569.1</span>; μ. ἡμέρα <span class="bibl">Hdn.8.5.9</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἡλικία</b> [[middle]] age, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ep.</span>316c</span>: so μέσοι τὴν ἡλικίαν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ep.</span>5</span>; <b class="b3">μέσος ἀκμῆς</b> v.l. in <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.164</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[impartial]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.83</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>1.113(1).27</span> (vi A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">inter-mediate</b>, freq. c. gen., μ. τις γέγονα χρηματιστὴς τοῦ τε πάππου καὶ τοῦ πατρός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>330b</span>; ψιλὸν μὲν τὸ π, δασὺ δὲ τὸ φ, μέσον δὲ ἀμφοῖν τὸ β <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>14</span> (v. infr. d); <b class="b3">ἡ τρίτη καὶ μ. τῶν εἰρημένων δυεῖν ἁρμονιῶν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">24</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ μ. χαρακτήρ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">21</span>; [[indeterminate]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Par.</span>28</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μ</b>. <b class="b2">things indifferent</b> (neither good nor bad), <span class="title">Stoic.</span>3.135, al.; of words such as <b class="b3">τύχη</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>626.38</span>; <b class="b3">ζῴδια</b> (neither lucky nor unlucky) <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.93.9</span>; μ. δίαιτα <span class="bibl">Diocl.Fr.141</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Sor.1.46</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> Gramm., of Verbs, [[middle]], <span class="bibl">Eust. 1846.30</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μ. διάθεσις, σχήματα</b>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>226.10</span>, <span class="bibl">210.18</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἐνεστώς</b> present [[middle]], ib.<span class="bibl">278.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> Gramm., of consonants, Lat. [[mediae]], i. e. βγδ, <span class="bibl">D.T.631.23</span>: but also of <b class="b2">semi-vowels</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>18c</span>: of accent, <b class="b3">ὀξύτητι καὶ βαρύτητι καὶ τῷ μέσῳ</b>, i. e. the [[circumflex]], <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Po.</span>1456b33</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[middling]], [[moderate]], </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of size, <b class="b3">μέσοι ὀφθαλμοί, ὦτα, γλῶττα</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>492a8</span>,<span class="bibl">33</span>,<span class="bibl">b31</span>; <b class="b3">μ. μεγέθει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">496a21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>1p.37</span> (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">μ</b>. alone, <b class="b2">of middle height</b>, PGrenf.2.23 ([[a]]) ii 3 (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 73.13</span> (i A. D.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of class or quality, πάντων μέσ' ἄριστα <span class="bibl">Thgn. 335</span>; παντὶ μέσῳ τὸ κράτος θεὸς ὤπασεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>529</span> (lyr.); μ. ἐν πόλει <span class="bibl">Phoc.12</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἀνήρ</b> a man <b class="b2">of middle rank</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.107</span>; μ. πολίτης <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span>; τὰ μ. τῶν πολιτῶν <span class="bibl">Id.3.82</span> (so τῶν ἀνὰ πόλιν τὰ μ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>11.52</span>); <b class="b3">οἱ μ</b>., between <b class="b3">οἱ εὔποροι</b> and <b class="b3">οἱ ἄποροι</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1289b31</span>, <span class="bibl">1295b3</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μ. πολῖται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1296a19</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">1295b37</span>; <b class="b3">μ. [πολιτεία</b>] ib.<span class="bibl">1296a7</span>; ὁ μ. βίος <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Luct.</span>9</span>; [[mediocre]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>346d</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν ἑταιρῶν αἱ μ</b>. Theopomp. Com.<span class="bibl">21</span>. Adv. <b class="b3">μέσως, ἱκανόν</b> [[fairly]] adequate, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>2.4S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">μέσον, τό</b>, [[midst]], [[intervening space]], mostly with Preps., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">ἐν μέσσῳ</b>, = [[ἐν μεταιχμίῳ]], <span class="bibl">Il.3.69</span>,<span class="bibl">90</span>; ἐν τῷ μ. <b class="b2">in the midst</b>, Ev.Matt.14.6; <b class="b3">ἡ 'ν μέσῳ [μοῖρα] σῴζει πόλεις</b> the [[middle]] class, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>244</span>: without ἐν, ἔμβαλε μέσσῳ <span class="bibl">Il.4.444</span>; ἔνθορε μέσσῳ <span class="bibl">21.233</span>; μέσσῳ ἀμφοτέρων <span class="bibl">3.416</span>, <span class="bibl">7.277</span>; τῶνδέ τ' ἐν μ. πεσεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>583</span>; ἐν μ. λόγους ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hel.</span> 630</span>; μῆκος ἐν μ. χρόνου <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>735</span>; χρόνος οὑν μ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>589</span> (troch.); <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν μ</b>. what <b class="b2">went between</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>583</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν μ. λόγοι</b> the [[intervening]] words, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1364</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>819</span>; κλίνης ἐν μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1150</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μ. ἡμῶν καὶ βασιλέως</b> [[between]] us and him, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.2.3</span>; σοφίας καὶ ἀμαθίας ἐν μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>203e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μ. νυκτῶν</b> at [[mid]]night, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.52</span>; <b class="b3">ἆθλα κείμεν' ἐν μέσῳ</b> <b class="b2">offered for competition</b> (cf. infr. b), <span class="bibl">D.4.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thgn.994</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.21</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ τιμὴ ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἔστω</b> [[deposited]] with the court, <span class="bibl">Herod.2.90</span>: without <b class="b3">ἐν, καὶ μέσῳ πάντες καὶ χωρὶς ἕκαστος</b> both [[collectively]] and severally, <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).872.27,31,38, al. (Tenos): in pl., κεῖτο δ' ἄρ' ἐν μέσσοισι <span class="bibl">Il.18.507</span>; ἐν μέσοισ' <span class="bibl">Xenoph.1.7</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μέσῳ εἶναι τοῦ συμμεῖξαι</b> to stand <b class="b2">in the way of</b>... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.26</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ γὰρ θάλαττα ἐν τῷ μ</b>. is an [[obstacle]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ath.</span>2.2</span>; οὐδεὶς ἐν μέσσῳ γείτων πέλεν <span class="bibl">Theoc.21.17</span>; οὐδὲν ἂν ἦν ἐν μ. πολεμεῖν ἡμᾶς <span class="bibl">D.23.183</span>; cf. [[ἰμέσος]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἐς μέσον, ἐς μ. ἀμφοτέρων</b>, freq. in Hom. for <b class="b3">ἐς μεταίχμιον</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.79</span>, <span class="bibl">6.120</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρὶ δὲ νικηθέντι γυναῖκ' ἐς μέσσον ἔθηκε</b> [[deposited]] her <b class="b2">as a prize</b> (cf. supr. a), <span class="bibl">23.704</span>; ἐς μ. δεικνύναι τινί τι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>42.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς μ. ἵεσθαι, ἐλθεῖν, παρελθεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>514</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.183</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Agis</span>9</span>; ἐς μέσον ἀμφοτέροισι… δικάσσατε <span class="bibl">Il.23.574</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ μ. φέρειν</b> bring forward [[publicly]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.97</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.139</span>; ἐς τὸ μ. λέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt. 6.129</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς μ. Πέρσῃσι καταθεῖναι τὰ πρήγματα</b> to give up the power <b class="b2">in common to all</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.3.80</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς μ. τὴν ἀρχὴν τιθεὶς ἰσονομίην ὑμῖν προαγορεύω</b> ib.<span class="bibl">142</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ μέσου</b> [[away]], ἐκ μ. ἀνελεῖν <span class="bibl">D.10.36</span>, <span class="bibl">18.294</span>; [χειρόγραφον] ἦρκεν ἐκ τοῦ μ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Col.</span>2.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.3.15</span>; also <b class="b3">ἐκ μ</b>. <b class="b2">a half</b>, ἔτη ὀκτὼ καὶ ἔνατον ἐκ μ. <span class="bibl">Th.4.133</span>; also <b class="b3">ἐκ μ. κατῆστο</b> remained <b class="b2">in the middle</b>, i. e. neutral (cf. ἐκ <span class="bibl">1.6</span> fin.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.83</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.118</span>, <span class="bibl">8.22</span>,<span class="bibl">73</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">διὰ μέσου</b> [[between]], τὸ διὰ μ. ἔθνος <span class="bibl">Id.1.104</span>; διὰ μ. ποιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.3</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ μ. γενέσθαι</b> [[intervene]], of an event, <span class="bibl">Th.4.20</span>: c. gen., διὰ μέσου τῆς πόλεως ῥεῖ ποταμός <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>1.2.23</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ μ. ῥεῖ τούτων ποταμός</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.4.4</span>, etc.; τὸ τούτων διὰ μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>805e</span>; also <b class="b3">οἱ διὰ μέσου</b> the [[middle]] party, the [[moderates]], <span class="bibl">Th. 8.75</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.25</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ διὰ μ</b>. the [[middle]] class, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1296a8</span>; of Time, ὁ διὰ μ. χρόνος <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.112</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ διὰ μ. ξύμβασις</b> an [[interim]] agreement, <span class="bibl">Th.5.26</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ μέσου</b>, as a figure of speech, <b class="b2">use of parenthesis</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdn.<span class="title">Fig.</span>p.95S.</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">ἀν (ὀν) τὸ μ</b>. <b class="b2">in the midst</b>, <span class="bibl">Alc.18.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Xenoph.1.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.839</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνὰ μέσον</b> <b class="b2">midway between</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>496a22</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph. 13</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.21</span>, etc.; ἀνὰ μ. τοῦ ναοῦ καὶ τοῦ βωμοῦ <span class="title">GDI</span>2010 (Delph.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>13.9</span> (ii B. C.), al.; θρὶξ ἀνὰ μέσσον <span class="bibl">Theoc.14.9</span>; ἀνὰ μέσσα <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>167</span>; also <b class="b3">ἀνὰ μέσον φέρε</b>, = [[μετρίως]], <span class="bibl">Men.531.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ μέσσον</b>, = [[ἐν μέσῳ]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.8</span>, <span class="bibl">16.285</span>, etc.: c. gen., <b class="b3">κὰδ δὲ μέσον τάφρου καὶ τείχεος ἷζον</b> [[between]], <span class="bibl">9.87</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">μέσον, τό</b>, [[difference]], <b class="b3">τὸ μ. πρὸς τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας</b> <b class="b2">the average</b> between... <span class="bibl">Th.1.10</span>; <b class="b3">πολλὸν τὸ μ., πολὺ τὸ μ</b>., <b class="b2">the difference</b> is great, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.126</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>914</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">τὸ μ. οὐδὲν τῆς ἔχθρης ἐστί</b> there is no <b class="b2">middle course</b> for our enmity, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[middle state]], [[mean]], τὸ μ. καὶ τὸ εὖ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1109b26</span>; <b class="b3">ποιήματα μέσα</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὀγκώδη</b>, <b class="b2">in the</b> (correct) [[mean]], <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>5.5</span>. Adv. -ως, ἀναστρέφεσθαι Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.155S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> in Logic, <b class="b3">τὸ μ</b>. <b class="b2">the middle term</b> of a syllogism, opp. <b class="b3">τὰ ἄκρα</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>66a30</span>; also <b class="b3">ὁ μ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">ὅρος</b>) ib.<span class="bibl">25b33</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> Math., [[middle]] terms in a proportion, <span class="bibl">Euc.6.16</span>; <b class="b3">μέση</b>, or <b class="b3">μέση (μέσος) ἀνάλογον</b> a <b class="b2">mean proportional</b> (straight line or number), ib.<span class="bibl">13</span>, <span class="bibl">17</span>, <span class="bibl">8.11</span>, <span class="bibl">12</span>, al.; μέσης εὕρεσις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">de An.</span>413a19</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>996b21</span>; <b class="b3">μέση</b> [[medial]], a specific kind of irrational (straight line), <span class="bibl">Euc.10.21</span>, al.; <b class="b3">μέσον ὀρθογώνιον</b> (χωρίον) [[medial]] rectangle (area), ib.<span class="bibl">24</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> Astron., <b class="b3">ὁ διὰ μέσων τῶν ζῳδίων κύκλος</b> the [[ecliptic]], <span class="bibl">Hipparch.1.9.3</span>,<span class="bibl">4</span>, <span class="bibl">Gem.2.21</span>, Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span>2.7: without <b class="b3">κύκλος</b>, Eudox. ap. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1073b20</span>, <span class="bibl">Hipparch.1.9.12</span>; simply, ὁ διὰ μέσων <span class="bibl">D.L.7.146</span>; but, <b class="b3">ὁ μέσος [κύκλος</b>] the [[equator]] of a rotating sphere, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1073b30</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">μέσα, τά,</b> = [[μέζεα]], Blaes.<span class="bibl">p.191</span> K. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> = [[κοιλία]] <span class="bibl">1.3</span>, Herod.Med. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.5.27.3</span>, Gal.14.732: sg., <span class="bibl">Heph.Astr.1.1</span> (v.l. [[τὰ μέσα]] <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>8(2).45). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">Μέσον, τό</b>, one of the law-courts at Athens, Phot., Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>120</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">οὐ τοῖς μέσοις τῆς βίας χρωμένη</b> no [[ordinary]] force, Hierocl.<span class="bibl">p.15</span> A. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">μέση, ἡ</b>, as Subst., v. [[μέση]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Adv. <b class="b3">μέσον</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">μέσσον</b>, <b class="b2">in the middle</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.12.167</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.300</span>: c. gen., [[between]], οὐρανοῦ μ. χθονός &lt;τε&gt; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>983</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.22.10</span>; <b class="b2">in the midst of</b>, μ. τῆς θαλάσσης <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>14.27</span>; μ. γενεᾶς σκολιᾶς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Phil.</span>2.15</span>: also in pl., μέσα αἰετὸς οὐρανοῦ ποτᾶται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>530</span> (lyr.), cf. Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>74.26. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> regul. Adv. μέσως, πόλεώς τ' οὐ μ. εὐδαίμονος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>873</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hec.</span>1113</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.23</span>; <b class="b3">καὶ μ</b>. even <b class="b2">in a moderate degree</b>, even <b class="b2">a little</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.60</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἔχειν πρός</b> or <b class="b3">περί τι</b> to be <b class="b2">in the mean</b>... <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1105b28</span>, <span class="bibl">1119a11</span>; θερμότερον ἢ κραυρότερον ἢ μ. ἔχον <span class="bibl">Eub.7.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sosip. 1.53</span>; <b class="b3">μ. βεβιωκέναι</b> <b class="b2">in a middle way</b>, i. e. neither well nor ill, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span> 113d</span>; μ. μεθύων <span class="bibl">Men.226</span>; <b class="b3">μ. διατιθέναι</b> <b class="b2">in an intermediate way</b>, <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Comp.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> Gramm., <b class="b2">in the middle voice</b>, <span class="bibl">A.D. <span class="title">Synt.</span>276.21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> irreg. Comp. μεσαίτερος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>165b</span>: Sup. μεσαίτατος <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mu.</span>392b33</span>, <span class="bibl">Gem.9.3</span>, etc.; poet. μεσσότατος <span class="bibl">A.R.4.649</span>, <span class="bibl">Man. 6.373</span>. (Cf. Skt.[[mádhyas]] 'middle', Lat. [[medius]], etc.)</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0139.png Seite 139]] poet. auch [[μέσσος]], selbst bei den Tragg. in iambischen Stellen, wie Soph., vgl. Mein. quaest. Menandr. p. 318mit [[μετά]] zusammenhangend), <b class="b2">mitten, in der Mitte</b>; – a) vom [[Raume]]; [[βάλε]] Πηλείδαο [[μέσον]] [[σάκος]], er traf den Schild in der Mitte, Il. 22, 260, wie αὐχένα μέσσον ἔλασσεν 14, 497, [[στῆθος]] [[μέσον]] οὔτασε 15, 525, öfter; auch allgemeiner, τὸν [[βάλε]] μέσσον ἄκοντι Il. 20, 413, Ἠέλιος [[μέσον]] οὐρανὸν ἀμφιβεβήκει Il. 8, 68, ἐν μέσσῃσι (βουσὶ) ὀρούσας 15, 635, στῆ δὲ μέσῳ ἐν ἀγῶνι, mitten in der Runde, 23, 507, wie ὁ τοῖσιν στὰς ἐν μέσοισι 7, 384, in ihrer Mitte; Pind. εἶπε δ' ἐν μέσοις u. ἐν μέσσοις, P. 4, 224 I. 7, 32, öfter; ζυγὸν θραύει [[μέσον]], mitten entzwei bricht er das Joch, Aesch. Pers. 192; ἐκ μέσων ἀρκυσμάτων, Eum. 112; [[μέσης]] ἀπήνης ἐκκυλίνδεται, Soph. O. R. 812; ἐν αἰθέρι μέσῳ κατέστη ἡλίου [[κύκλος]], Ant. 412, womit man vgl. αἱ δ' ἀνὰ μέσσαν ἀκτῖνα, O. C. 1249, um Mittag ff. b); μέσου κρατὸς διασπαρέντος, Trach. 778; ἐν Ἀργείοις μέσοις, in der Mitte der Argiver, Phil. 626; θιάσοις ἐν μέσοισιν, Eur. Bacch. 221, u. öfter in ähnlichen Verbindungen; [[μέσον]] ἔχειν τινά, in der Mitte gefaßt halten, von dem Ringer hergenommen, Ar. Nub. 1030, u. pass., ἔχομαι [[μέσος]], Ach. 545 Equ. 387; [[Νεῖλος]] μέσην Αἴγυπτον σχίζων, Aegypten mitten durchschneidend, Her. 2, 17, vgl. 4, 49; ἐκ [[μέσης]] τῆς νήσου, Plat. Critia. 113 d u. sonst; Xen. An. 2, 1, 11; so oft, vor dem Artikel stehend, denn τὸ [[μέσον]] [[στῖφος]], 1, 8, 13, ist der mittlere Haufen; πρὸ τῆς φάλαγγος [[μέσης]], Xen. An. 1, 2, 17; ἐν ἀγορᾷ μέσῃ, Dem. 29, 12. – b) von der [[Zeit]]; [[μέσον]] [[ἦμαρ]], der Mittag, Il. 21, 111 Od. 7, 288; πρὶν [[μέσον]] ἀμαρ [[ἑλεῖν]], Pind. P. 9, 117; Soph. frg. 239 (vgl. auch unter a); Eur. πρὸς μέσας βολὰς ἀκτῖνος, Ion 1135; in späterer Prosa, [[μέση]] [[ἡμέρα]], wie Hdn. 8, 5, 22; [[μέση]] νύξ, wie περὶ μέσας νύκτας, Xen. An. 7, 8, 12, wo Krüger mehr Beispiele beibringt, alle ohne Artikel. – c) <b class="b2">in der Mitte stehend</b>, zwischen zwei Dingen, auch übertr. auf Geistiges, eine weitere Ausbildung der Verbindung ἐν μέσοις (s. oben); [[μέσος]] τις γέγονα χρηματιστὴς τοῦ τε πάππου καὶ τοῦ πατρός, Plat. Rep. I, 330 b; ὅτι [[μέσος]] ἂν εἴη [[τόπος]] χειμώνων τε καὶ τῆς θερινῆς φύσεως, Epin. 987 d; ὥςπερ ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀλίγον [[μέσον]], das Wenige steht in der Mitte zwischen der Einheit und der Menge, Polit. 303 a. Daher auch <b class="b2">mittel mäßig</b>, was zwischen dem Zuviel und Zuwenig die Mitte hält, ὀφθαλμοὶ [[μέσοι]], von mittlerer Größe, Arist. H. A. 1, 10, auch [[μέσος]] τῷ μεγέθει, 1, 17; [[ἀνήρ]], ein Mann von mittlerem Range od. Vermögen, Her. 1, 107; ἄνθρωποι, Plat. Legg. X, 907 a; auch = unparteiisch, XI, 929 e; [[μέσοι]] πολῖται, Thuc. 6, 54; vgl. Arist. pol. 4, 11; Plut. τῶν μέσων κατὰ [[γένος]] πολιτῶν, Camill. 25, vgl. Sol. 1; a. Sp.; – vermittelnd, [[δικαστής]], Schiedsrichter, Thuc. 4, 83. – Bei den Gramm. sind μέσαι λέξεις Wörter, die in guter und schlimmer Bedeutung genommen werden können; συλλαβὴ [[μέση]], syllaba anceps. – Bes. häufig ist das neutr., absolut oder substantivisch gebraucht, die [[Mitte]], der Raum zwischen Etwas; ἐς [[μέσον]] ἀμφοτέρων συνίτην, in die Mitte beider Heere, Il. 6, 120, öfter; auch ohne gen., κακοὺς δ' ἐς μέσσον ἔλασσεν, 4, 299, u. ἐς μέσσον ἀμφοτέροισι δικάσσατε, 23, 574, sprechet beiden Theilen gleichmäßig, unparteiisch Recht; so auch κατὰ μέσσον, 5, 8. 16, 285; κὰδ δὲ [[μέσον]] τάφρου καὶ τείχεος ἷζον, 9, 87; ἐν μέσῳ, in der Mitte, 17, 375 u. öfter; ἔμβαλε μέσσῳ, 4, 444, vgl. Od. 11, 157; μέσσῳ ἀμφοτέρων, Il. 7, 277; οἱ δὲ [[εἶπον]] πολλὸν εἶναι αὐτέων τὸ [[μέσον]], es sei die Mitte, der Unterschied groß, Her. 9, 82, vgl. 7, 11; ἐκ τοῦ μέσου κατῆσθαι od. ἕζεσθαι, aus der Mitte weggehen u. sich abgesondert hinsetzen, sich neutral halten, 3, 83. 8, 73; ἐκ τοῦ μέσου ἡμῖν ἕζεσθε, seid neutral zwischen uns, 8, 22, wie ἐκ τοῦ μέσου ἐξίστασθαι, Xen. An. 1, 5, 14, aus dem Wege gehen; ἐν μέσῳ ἐμοῦ τε καὶ σοῦ, in der Mitte zwischen uns beiden, Plat. Conv. 222 d; κατὰ [[μέσον]] παντὸς τοῦ κόσμου, Critia. 121 c; [[μέσον]] τῶν [[αὑτοῦ]] ἔχων, Xen. An. 1, 8, 13, wo Krüger mehrere Beispiele ohne Artikel beibringt; auch ἀνὰ [[μέσον]], Antiphan. B. A. 80; Men. fr. inc. 2, 19; Pol. 5, 55, 7. – Auch von der Zeit, [[μέσον]] ἡμέρας, Xen. An. 1, 8, 8; διὰ μέσου, inzwischen, mittlerweile, Her. 9, 112; Thuc. 4, 20; die Mittel-, Durchschnittszahl, πρὸς τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας [[ναῦς]] τὸ [[μέσον]] σκοποῦντι, 1, 10. – Aus der Vrbdg ἐς [[μέσον]] τιθέναι τινί τι, Einem Etwas als Kampfpreis aufstellen, es in die Mitte hinstellen, daß alle Preisbewerber es sehen, Il. 23, 704 (vgl. κεῖται ἐν μέσοις, 18, 507, u. ἐν μέσῳ κεῖται τὰ ἀγαθά, Xen. An. 3, 1, 21), entwickelt sich das häufige ἐς τὸ [[μέσον]] φέρειν, τιθέναι u. ä., Etwas vorbringen, bekannt machen, z. B. γνώμην, Her. 4, 97, 6. 3, 80, 2; Plat. Legg. IV, 719 a XI, 936 a; ἐς τὸ [[μέσον]] κατατιθέντες im Ggstz von ἀποκρυπτόμενοι, Phil. 14 b; Dem. 20, 102, wie Sp., z. B. Luc. Hermot. 38. 64; im eigtl. Sinne, [[ἀργύριον]], Ar. Eccl. 602. – Auch ταῦτ' ἐν μέσῳ [[τίθημι]], das sage ich offen, gerade heraus, Aesch. Ch. 143; u. ähnlich [[δέσμιον]] ἔδειξ' Ἀχαιοῖς ἐς [[μέσον]], offenkundig zeigte ich ihn, Soph. Phil. 605; χρηστόν τι βούλευμ' εἰς [[μέσον]] φέρειν, Eur. Suppl. 439, wie [[φέρω]] κοινοὺς εἰς [[μέσον]] λόγους, Troad. 54 u. öfter; so auch Her. γνώμην ἐς [[μέσον]] [[φέρω]], vorbringen, aussprechen, 4, 97; τὸ λεγόμενον ἐς τὸ [[μέσον]], das öffentlich Ausgesprochene, 6, 129; u. ähnlich ἐν κοινῷ καὶ μέσῳ ἔοικεν ἡμῖν κεῖσθαι, Plat. Legg. XII, 968 e; εἰς [[μέσον]] ὁμολογεῖν, Rep. VIII, 547 b, wie συμβῆναι εἰς τὸ [[μέσον]], sich vereinigen, übereinkommen über Etwas, Prot. 337 e; ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἑαυτὸν παρέχειν, Allen zugänglich sein, Xen. Cyr. 7, 5, 46; – διὰ μέσου ποιεῖσθαι, in die Mitte stellen, Xen. Cyr. 6, 3, 3; – ἐν μέσῳ τινὸς εἶναι, zwischen Etwas stehen, d. i. hinderlich sein, τοῦ συμμῖξαι, Xen. Cyr. 5, 2, 26; auch mit folgdm acc. c. inf., Dem. 23, 183. Vgl. θρὶξ ἀνὰ μέσσον, nur ein Haar fehlt noch daran, Theocr. 14, 9. – Διὰ μέσου oder ἐν τῷ μέσῳ, in einem Zwischensatze, parenthetisch, Grsmm. – Ἡ [[μέση]], sc. [[χορδή]], die mittlere Saite, der mittlere Ton, Music. – Bei den späteren Philosophen sind τὰ μέσα = ἀδιάφορα. – Ion. u. p. compar. u. superl. μεσαίτερος u. [[μεσαίτατος]], Her. 4, 17, den auch Arist. u. die Sp. brauchen, u. der eigentlich auf [[μεσαῖος]] zurückzuführen ist; Ap. Rh. 4, 649 hat auch die Form μεσσότατος; – [[μέσατος]] u. [[μεσάτιος]] sind aber poet. Formen des Positivs. – Adv. μέσως, z. B. βεβιωκέναι, Plat. Phaed. 113 d, λέγειν, Prot. 346 e; Ggstz von σφοδρῶς ἢ [[ἀνειμένως]], Arist. Eth. 2, 5; μέσως ἔχειν [[περί]] τι, mäßig sein, die Mitte halten zwischen zwei Extremen, ib. 3, 12; auch mit adj. verbunden, mittelmäßig, mäßig, πόλεως οὐ μέσως εὐδαίμονος, Eur. Andr. 874 Herc. Fur. 58 u. Sp.