μετανάστης: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ου, ὁ, (<b class="b3">μεταναστῆναι</b>, cf. [[ὑπερανάστης]]) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">one who has left his home, wanderer, migrant</b>, commonly as a term of reproach, ἀτίμητος μ. <span class="bibl">Il.9.648</span>; <b class="b3">μοῦνοι οὐ μετανάσται Ἑλλήνων</b>, of the Athenians, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.161</span>; [[fugitive]], POxy.487.18 (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>439</span> (ii A. D.); <b class="b3">μ. γενόμενοι ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν</b> Prisc.<span class="bibl">p.341</span> D. (cf. [[μετανίσταντο]] ibid.): c. gen., <b class="b3">ἀρετῆς μ</b>. [[from]] virtue, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.415</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">477</span>; πάτρης μ. <span class="bibl">Man.2.420</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[wandering]], of <b class="b2">the planets</b>, opp. the fixed stars, <span class="bibl">Arat.457</span>:—hence fem. μεταναστ-νάστις, <b class="b3">ψυχὴ σώματος μ</b>. a [[fugitive]] from... <span class="bibl">Ph.2.462</span>; also μεταναστ-νάστρια, σκοπέλων μ. πέρδιξ <span class="title">AP</span>7.204 (Agath.).</span>

|etymtx=-ου<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: On the meaning below; in Hom. only in <b class="b3">ἀτίμητον μετανάστην</b> (I 648 = P 59); posthom. [[migrant]], [[emigrant]], [[fugitive]] (Hdt. 7, 161 of the Athenians, Arat., Ph., pap.), f. <b class="b3">-στις</b> (Ph.) and <b class="b3">-στρια</b> (AP; like <b class="b3">ἀγύρτης</b>: <b class="b3">ἀγύρτρια</b> etc.); adj. <b class="b3">μετανάστ-ιος</b> [[migrating]], [[wandering]] (AP, Nonn.), verb <b class="b3">μεταναστ-εύω</b>, <b class="b3">-εύομαι</b> <b class="b2">drive out, wander out, flee</b> (LXX, Str., Ph.).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Already by Hdt. and his contemporaries understood as [[wanderer]] and as <b class="b3">μετ-ανά-στη-ς</b> connected with <b class="b3">μετ-ανα-στῆ-ναι</b>, <b class="b3">μετ-ανάστασις</b> [[move]], [[amigrate]], resp. [[removal]], [[emigration]] (Hdt., Th., Hp.), an interpretation, which J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 346 f. with Eust. a. o. (s. Schulze KZ 33, 137 = Kl. Schr. 372) with general approval (Schulze l.c., Bechtel Lex. s.v., Fraenkel KZ 42, 262 a. Nom. ag. 1, 129, Schwyzer 424 a. 451) worked out further. It would then however with metric-rhythmically conditioned haplology stand for <b class="b3">*μετανα-στά-της</b> (Fraenkel Glotta 1, 270ff.; cf. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">προ-στά-της</b> etc.); an old root-noun <b class="b3">μετανά-στη-ς</b> as Skt. <b class="b2">ni-ṣṭhā́-s</b>, <b class="b2">prati-ṣṭhā́-s</b> a. o. (Schmidt l.c.) has no immediate agreement in Greek. As however this apparently further convincing interpretation is in conflict with the Homer. use of <b class="b3">μετά</b> and <b class="b3">ἀνίστασθαι</b>, Wackernagel Syntax 2, 246f. went back with Funck Curt. Stud. 9, 134 to the explanation (already given in the Thes.) as <b class="b3">μετα-νάσ-της</b>, from <b class="b3">*μετα-ναίω</b> <b class="b2">live with</b> like <b class="b3">μεταναιέ-της</b> (Hes.), <b class="b3">-τάω</b> (h. Cer.) <b class="b2">who lives with, live with</b>. As old parallel formation to Att. <b class="b3">μέτ-οικος</b>, Arg. <b class="b3">πεδά-Ϝοικος</b> and to <b class="b3">μετοικέται κατὰ μέσον οἰκοῦντες</b> H. <b class="b3">μετανάστης</b> will originally and still in Hom. have meant <b class="b2">who lives with, who lives among others (as foreigner), inhabitant</b>. Because of the disappearance of the verbal form with <b class="b3">-νασ-</b> and the gradual advance of <b class="b3">μετα-</b> [[around]] against <b class="b3">μετα-</b> [[with]] <b class="b3">μετανάστης</b> was already in class. times associted with the living <b class="b3">μεταναστῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">μετανά-στασις</b>. -- The deviating view of Leumann, Hom. Wörter 183 w. n. 30, <b class="b3">μετα-νάσ-της</b> would prop. be <b class="b2">migrant, in-wandrer</b>, from <b class="b3">μετα-ναίω</b> [[move]], has the same objections as the connection with <b class="b3">μεταναστῆναι</b>.