κράζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=not common in pres., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>287</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>609b24</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Po.</span>1458</span> <span class="bibl">b31</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>52</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>717</span> (i B. C.), etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> κεκράξομαι <span class="bibl">Eup.1</span>, Ar. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eq.</span>285</span>,<span class="bibl">487</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>258</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>204</span>, later κράξω <span class="title">AP</span>11.141 (Lucill.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>19.40</span>: aor. 1 ἔκραξα <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>53</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jd.</span>1.14</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>11.211 (Lucill.); imper. <b class="b3">κρᾶξον [ᾱ</b> by nature] Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.14</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκέκραξα</b> freq. in <span class="bibl">LXX, <span class="title">Nu.</span> 11.2</span>, al.: aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἔκρᾰγον</b> (<b class="b3">ἀν</b>-) <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>428</span>, etc., ἐκέκραγον <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Is.</span>6.4</span> (unless impf. of <b class="b3">Κεκράγω</b>): freq. in pf. with pres. sense, <b class="b3">κέκρᾱγα</b> (v. infr.) (late κέκρᾰγα <span class="title">AP</span>5.86 (Rufin.)); imper. κέκραχθι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>335</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>198</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>235</span>; pl.κεκράγετε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>415</span>: plpf. ἐκεκράγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>674</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.10</span>:—post-Hom., [[croak]], of the raven, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>208</span>, Thphr.l.c.; of frogs, κεκραξόμεσθα Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span> l. c., cf. <span class="bibl">265</span>: generally, [[scream]], [[shriek]], [[cry]], σὺ δ' αὖ κέκραγας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>743</span>; παιδίον κεκραγός <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>11</span>, <span class="bibl">24</span>; [[bawl]], [[shout]], κεκραγὼς καὶ βοῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span> 722</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.18.132</span>; <b class="b3">κεκραγέναι πρός τινα</b> <b class="b2">to call to</b>... <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>982</span>; κραγὸν κεκράξεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>487</span> (cf. [[κραγός]]): c. acc. cogn., μέλος κέκραγα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 281.5</span>; <b class="b3">ποίου</b> (sc. <b class="b3">περὶ ποίου</b>) <b class="b3"> κέκραγας ἀνδρὸς ὧδ' ὑπέρφρονα</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1236</span>:—rare in early Prose, X. l. c., D.l.c., cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>717.1</span> (i B. C.), etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκεκράγει ὅτι</b>… Plb. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.6.274f</span>; <b class="b3">κεκράγασιν ὡς</b>… Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.108 S.: c. acc. et inf., ib.2.98 S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, [[call]], [[clamour for]], ἐμβάδας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>103</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: `[[croak]], [[cry]] (individ. attestations since Ar.)<br />Other forms: perf. <b class="b3">κέκραγα</b> (trag., Ar.) with pret. <b class="b3">ἐκέκραγον</b> (LXX), fut. <b class="b3">κεκράξομαι</b> (com., LXX ), <b class="b3">κεκραγήσει κραυγάσει</b> H., aor. <b class="b3">κεκρᾶξαι</b> (LXX); aor. <b class="b3">κραγεῖν</b> (ξ 467, Pi., Antiphon, Ar.), later <b class="b3">κρᾶξαι</b> (Thphr., LXX) with fut. <b class="b3">κράξω</b> (AP, Ev. Luc.),<br />Compounds: also with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κεκράκτης</b> m. [[cryer]] (Hp., Ar., Luc.), <b class="b3">κέκραγμα</b> (Ar.), <b class="b3">κεκραγμός</b> (E., Plu.) <b class="b2">crying;</b> <b class="b3">κεκραξι-δάμας</b> m. <b class="b2">control by crying</b>, comic surname of Cleon (Ar. V. 596, after <b class="b3">Ἀλκι-δάμας</b>; Sommer Nominalkomp. 174); <b class="b3">κραγέτας</b> m. [[cryer]] (Pi.; Schwyzer 500), <b class="b3">κραγός</b> [[crying]] (Ar. Eq. 487 <b class="b3">κραγὸν κεκράξεται</b>; Schwyzer 626), <b class="b3">κράκτης</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>' (Adam., Tz.) with <b class="b3">κράκτρια</b> H. s. <b class="b3">λακέρυζα</b>, <b class="b3">κρακτικός</b> [[crying]], [[noising]] (Luc.). The orig. system had a thematic root-aorist <b class="b3">κραγεῖν</b> beside an intensive perfect <b class="b3">κέκραγα</b> with present-meaning (Schwyzer-Debrunner 263f.); then the rare present <b class="b3">κράζω</b> with new aorist <b class="b3">κρᾶξαι</b> etc.; a further innovation was <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐγ-κραγγάνω</b> (Men., H.). To the central position of the perfect attest the derived verbal- and nominal forms <b class="b3">κεκράξομαι</b>, <b class="b3">κεκράκτης</b> etc.<br />Origin: ONOM [onomatopoia, and other elementary formations]<br />Etymology: As orig. onomatop. <b class="b3">κέκραγα</b>, <b class="b3">κραγεῖν</b> have a close cognate in <b class="b3">κρώζω</b> `[[croak]]; to this <b class="b3">κραγεῖν</b> could even be a regelar zero-grade aorist. [<b class="b3">κάραγος ὁ τραχὺς ψόφος</b>, <b class="b3">οἷον πριών</b> H. is not a regular disyllabic form beside <b class="b3">κραγ-</b>; s. s. v.] Cf. <b class="b3">κρώζω</b>, and <b class="b3">κόραξ</b> and <b class="b3">κραυγή</b>.<br />See also: -- Weiteres s. <b class="b3">κρώζω</b>, auch <b class="b3">κόραξ</b> und <b class="b3">κραυγή</b>.