ἐπιβαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=rarely ἐπηχ-βάω, imper. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐπίβᾱ <span class="bibl">Thgn.847</span>, Dor. inf. <b class="b3">ἐπιβῆν</b> (infr.IV): fut.<b class="b3">-βήσομαι</b>: pf.<b class="b3">-βέβηκα</b>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐπέβην</b>: aor. 1 Med. <b class="b3">ἐπεβησάμην</b> (of which Hom.always uses the Ep.form <b class="b3">ἐπεβήσετο</b>, imper. ἐπιβήσεο <span class="bibl">Il.8.105</span>, al.; later ἐπεβήσατο <span class="bibl">A.R.3.869</span>, Dor. -βάσατο <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span>65</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span>. in these tenses, intr., <b class="b2">go upon</b>: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span>. c. gen., <b class="b2">set foot on, tread, walk upon</b>, <b class="b3">γαίης, ἠπείρου</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.83</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 127</span>; <b class="b3">πόληος, πατρίδος αἴης, Τροίης</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.396</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.521</span>, <span class="bibl">14.229</span>; <b class="b3">ἀδύτων</b> ἐπιβάς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1034</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. τῶν οὔρων</b> <b class="b2">set foot on</b> the confines, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.125</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.103</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>778e</span>; τῆς Λακωνικῆς ἐπὶ πολέμῳ <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>7.4.6</span>; <b class="b3">πυρῆς ἐπιβάντ' ἀλεγεινῆς</b>, of a corpse, <b class="b2">placed upon . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.99</span>; πλατείᾳ τῇ ῥινὶ ἐ. τοῦ χείλους <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>2.18</span>; also ἐ. ἐπί τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.107</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. <b class="b2">get upon, mount on</b>, πύργων <span class="bibl">Il.8.165</span>; <b class="b3">νεῶν</b> ib. <span class="bibl">512</span>; ἵππων <span class="bibl">5.328</span>, <span class="bibl">10.513</span>; δίφρου <span class="bibl">23.379</span>; εὐνῆς <span class="bibl">9.133</span>; τοῦ τείχεος <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.70</span>; <b class="b3">λέκτρων ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>39</span>; also ἐ. ἐπὶ νεός <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.118</span>: freq. in Hom., in aor. Med., ἐπεβήσετ' ἀπήνης <span class="bibl">Od.6.78</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. Archit., <b class="b2">to be superposed</b>, τὰ ἐπιβαίνοντα πάντα ἐπὶ τοὺς κρατευτάς <span class="title">IG</span>7.3073.104, cf. 111 (Lebad.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. of Time, <b class="b2">arrive at</b>, τετταράκοντα ἐ. ἐτῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>666b</span>; <b class="b3">δεκάτω</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἔτεος</b>) <b class="b3"> ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Theoc.26.29</span>; δωδεκάτου ἐπιβάς <span class="title">IG</span> 14.1728; τῆς μειρακίων ἡλικίας <span class="bibl">Hdn.1.3.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span>. metaph., <b class="b3">ἀναιδείης</b> <b class="b3">ἐπέβησαν</b> <b class="b2">have trodden the path of</b> shamelessness, <span class="bibl">Od.22.424</span>; <b class="b3">ἐϋφροσύνης ἐπιβῆτον</b> <b class="b2">enter into</b> joy, <span class="bibl">23.52</span>; <b class="b3">τέχνης ἐπιβήσομαι,-βήμεναι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>166</span>, <span class="bibl">465</span>; <b class="b3">ὁσίης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">173</span>; εὐσεβίας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>189</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ. δόξης</b> [[entertain]] an expectation, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1463</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ἐ. σοφίας</b> [[undertake]] it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Epin.</span>981a</span>; λόγου <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Astr.</span>8</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. τῆς ἀφορμῆς, τῆς προφάσεως</b>, <b class="b2">seize upon</b> it, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Syr.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sam.</span>11</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">preside over</b>, <b class="b3">τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης</b> ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>9.8</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span>. c. dat., [[get upon]], [[board]], ναυσί <span class="bibl">Th.7.70</span>; <b class="b2">land on</b>, ἐ. τῇ Σικελίᾳ <span class="bibl">D.S.16.66</span>: metaph., ἐ. ἀνορέαις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.20</span>; also, <b class="b2">make forcible entry into</b>, <b class="b3">τινός οἰκίαις, γῇ</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHamb.</span>10.6</span> (ii A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.142.7</span> (iv A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. with a Prep., <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος</b> ἐπιβέβηκε <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.181</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. c. dat. pers., [[set upon]], [[assault]], τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 5.2.26</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cim.</span>15</span>, etc.; simply, [[approach]], dub. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>88.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. <b class="b2">trample on</b>, λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ <span class="bibl">Thgn.847</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span>. c. acc.loci, <b class="b2">light upon</b>, in Hom. twice of gods <b class="b2">lighting upon</b> earth after their descent from Olympus, <b class="b3">Πιερίην ἐπιβᾶσα, ἐπιβάς</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.14.226</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.50</span>; so <b class="b3">πολλῶν ἐ</b>. <b class="b3">καιρόν</b> <b class="b2">light on</b> the fit time, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.18</span>; then simply, <b class="b2">go on to</b> a place, [[enter]] it, γῆν καὶ ἔθνος <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.50</span>; λειμῶν' <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>144</span> (anap.): with Prep., <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ χώραν</b> Decr.Amphict. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.154</span>; εἰς Βοιωτίαν <span class="bibl">D.S.14</span>. <span class="bibl">84</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. rarely c. acc. pers., [[attack]], only poet., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>138</span> (anap.): metaph., of passion or suffering, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>492</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>194</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. [[mount]], νῶθ' ἵππων ἐπιβάντες <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>286</span>: more freq. with Prep., <b class="b3">ἐπὶ</b> τὸν ἵππον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.22</span>; ἐπὶνέα <span class="bibl">Id.8.120</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.111</span>; but <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ</b>, of made quadrupeds, [[cover]] a female, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>539b26</span>; so abs., ib. <span class="bibl">574a20</span>, al.: c. dat., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>27</span>: c. gen., <span class="bibl">Horap.1.46</span>, <span class="bibl">2.78</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span>. <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ σκέλος</b> <b class="b2">use, put one's weight on</b>, a broken leg, <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Fract.</span> 18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span>. with acc. of the Instr. of Motion (cf. βαίνω A.11.4), <b class="b3">ἐπιβῆναι τῷ</b> ἀριστερῷ ἐκείνης τὸν ἐμὸν δεξιόν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span>4.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tox.</span>48</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span>. abs., <b class="b2">get a footing, stand on one's feet</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.5.666</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.434</span>; <b class="b3">μἠπιβῆν</b> it is forbidden to <b class="b2">set foot</b> here, <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).1381 (Thera). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. <b class="b2">step onwards</b>, [[advance]], Τρώων δὲ πόλις ἐπὶ πᾶσα βέβηκε <span class="bibl">Il.16.69</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span> 679</span>, f.l. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.43</span>; ἐπίβαινε πόρσω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>179</span> (s.v.l., lyr.): me taph., <b class="b2">advance in one's demands</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.68.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. <b class="b2">mount on a</b> [[chariot]] or <b class="b2">on horseback, be mounted</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.84</span>; [[go]] or <b class="b2">be on board ship</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.387</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>358</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.90</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.90</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span>. Causal in fut. -βήσω <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">DMort.</span>6.4</span>, Ep. inf. -βησέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.8.197</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>396</span>, but usu. in aor. 1 Act. (<b class="b3">ἐπιβιβάζω, ἐπιβάσκω</b> serve as pres.):—[[make]] one [[mount]], [[set]] him [[upon]], ὅν ῥα τόθ' ἵππων . . ἐπέβησε <span class="bibl">Il.8.129</span>; πολλοὺς δὲ πυρῆς ἐπέβησ' ἀλεγεινῆς <span class="bibl">9.546</span>; <b class="b3">ὥς κ' ἐμὲ . . ἐμῆς</b> ἐπιβήσετε πάτρης <span class="bibl">Od.7.223</span>; ἐ. τινὰς σκάφεσιν <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>4.7.6</span>; <b class="b3">πλοίων</b> ib. <span class="bibl">11.5</span>, cf. Luc.l.c.; ὁπλίτας ὁλκάσιν <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>5.92</span>; <b class="b3">τινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.59</span> : also in aor. 1 Med., νιν ἑῶ ἐπεβάσατο δίφρω <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span> 65</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. of things, <b class="b3">νευρὰν ἐπέβασε κορώνας</b> [[set]] the string [[on]] his bow's tip, <span class="bibl">B.5.73</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. metaph. (cf.A.1.4), <b class="b3">ἐϋκλεΐης ἐπίβησον</b> [[bring]] [[to]] great glory, <span class="bibl">Il.8.285</span>; τιμῆς καὶ γεράων <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>396</span>; <b class="b3">χαλιφρονέοντα</b> <b class="b3">σαοφροσύνης ἐπέβησαν</b> they [[bring]] him [[to]] sobriety, <span class="bibl">Od.23.13</span>; <b class="b3">λιγυρῆς</b> ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>659</span>; <b class="b3">δουλοσύνας</b> (prob.) E.<span class="title">Hyps.Fr.</span>41(64).86; <b class="b3">εἴ σε τύχη . . ἡλικίας ἐπέβησεν</b> <b class="b2">had brought thee to</b> full age, <span class="title">IG</span>2.2263. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. [<b class="b3">ἠὼς] πολέας ἐπέβησε κελεύθου</b> dawn [[sets]] them [[on]] their way, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>580</span>.</span>