ἕνος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(C), η, ον (so Att. Inscrr., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1134</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>409b</span>; in codd. freq. written ἔνος, as <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>770</span>, etc.), <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[belonging to the former of two periods]] (<b class="b3">τὸ ἕνον . .· τὸ πρότερον καὶ παρεληλυθὸς δηλοῖ</b>, Harp.; <b class="b3">ἔνην· τὴν παλαιάν</b>, Suid.), <b class="b3">ὁ νόμος ἐπὶ Κρόνου ἕνος</b> (opp. <b class="b3">νεωστί</b>) <span class="bibl">Dam. <span class="title">Pr.</span>348</span>: hence, <b class="b2">last year's</b>, <b class="b3">ἕναι ἀρχαί</b> <b class="b2">last year's</b> magistrates, <span class="bibl">D.25.20</span>, prob. in <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1322a12</span>; στρατηγοὶ ἕνοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ath.</span>4.2</span>; Ἑλληνοταμίαι ἕνοι <span class="title">IG</span>12.324.26; <b class="b3">ἕνης ἐπιφορᾶς</b> ib.218i38; <b class="b3">ἕνος [καρπός</b>] <b class="b2">last year's</b> fruit, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.4.6</span>; also <b class="b3">ἕνος ὄνος</b> <b class="b2">a year old</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>806</span>: generally, <b class="b2">old, by-gone</b>, νέον δέ που καὶ ἕνον ἀεί ἐστι περὶ τὴν σελήνην τοῦτο τὸ φῶς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>409b</span>:—in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>610</span> <b class="b3">ἤδη πεπρέσβευκας σὺ πολιὸς ὢν ἕνη</b>, the Sch. takes <b class="b3">ἕνη</b> as an Adv. = [[ἐκ πολλοῦ]], <b class="b2">long ago;</b> but the passage is prob. corrupt. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἕνη καὶ νέα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἡμέρα</b>) <b class="b2">the old and new day</b>, i.e. [[the last day of the month]], IG12.374.276, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 1134s</span>q., <span class="bibl">Lys.23.6</span>: first used by Solon, acc. to <span class="bibl">D.L.1.57</span>; Σκιροφοριῶνος ἕνῃ καὶ νέᾳ <span class="title">IG</span>22.916.10, cf. Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.29</span>; <b class="b3">ἕνη</b> alone, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>770</span>. (Cf. Lith. <b class="b2">s[etilde]nas</b> 'old', Lat. [[senex]], etc.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[old]] as opppsed tonew, only in expressions about fruits and officials of the past year, also of the last dayof the preceding month, indicating the new period (Hes.; <b class="b3">ἔνη</b> the first day of the month, with Ion. psilosis?); in the last sense mostly <b class="b3">ἕνη καὶ νέα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">σελήνη</b>; Att. since Solon).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [907] <b class="b2">*senos</b> [[old]]<br />Etymology: The general IE word for [[old]], <b class="b2">*sénos</b>, is still found in most branches, as opposed to [[new]]: Gr. <b class="b3">ἕνος</b>, Arm. [[hin]], Skt. <b class="b2">sána-</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">sẽnas</b>, Celt., e. g. OIr. [[sen]]; here also OWNo. [[sina]] f. <b class="b2">withered grass of last year</b> (cf. <b class="b3">ἕνος βλαστός</b> etc.). Some lnguages use it also as opposed to [[young]], so e.g. Celtic and Lithuanian, but also Germ., e. g. Goth. [[sineigs]] [[πρεσβύτης]], and also Iranian, Av. <b class="b2">hana-</b> [[old]], [[grey]]; in Skt. <b class="b2">sána-</b> is not so used. this meaning became dominant in Italic, Lat. [[senex]], Osc. <b class="b2">senateís</b> [[senātūs]]. In the East <b class="b2">*sénos</b> in this meaning was replaced by the expressive group of von [[γέρων]] (s. v.). - Cf. Porzig Sprachgeschichte und Wortbedeutung 343ff..