πρώην: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. πρώᾱν <span class="bibl">Theoc.5.4</span>,<span class="bibl">15.15</span>; contr. πρῶν <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>84</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod.5.62</span>; πρᾶν <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.115</span>:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[lately]], [[just now]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.832</span>, <span class="bibl">24.500</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>408</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.258</span>, Herod.l.c., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>42.25</span> (ii B.C.), <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>6.4.3</span>, etc.; in a book, [[above]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1104b18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">long ago</b>, <span class="bibl">Procop.Gaz. <span class="title">Pan.</span>p.505</span> B.; <b class="b3">Ἀγησίλαος ὁ π</b>. ib.p.514 B. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> more definitely, [[the day before yesterday]], <b class="b3">οὐ . . χθές, ἀλλὰ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.3.113</span>; <b class="b3">μέχρι οὗ π. τε καὶ χθές</b> till yesterday or <b class="b2">the day before</b>, i.e. till <b class="b2">very lately</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.53</span>; π. καὶ χθές <span class="bibl">D.44.42</span>; <b class="b3">χθές τε καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>726</span>; <b class="b3">χθὲς καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>677d</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐχθὲς καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>470d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐχθὲς καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.27</span>; <b class="b3">ἄρτι καὶ π., ὀψὲ καὶ π</b>., <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Brut.</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl">2.394b</span>. (The first syll. of <b class="b3">πρώαν</b> is short in Theoc. ll.cc.; πρόαν is written in <span class="bibl">15.15</span> (codd. opt.), v.l. in <span class="bibl">4.60</span>.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adv.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">lately, the day before yesterday</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">πρῴην</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">πρῶν</b> (Call. fr., Herod.), Dor. <b class="b3">πρώαν</b>, <b class="b3">πρόαν</b>, <b class="b3">πρᾶν</b> (Theoc.; on the phonetics Schwyzer 250)<br />Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in <b class="b3">πρῳηρότης</b> m. <b class="b2">early plougher</b> (Hes.; like <b class="b3">ὀψ-αρότης</b>; s. <b class="b3">ὀψέ</b>); often in Thphr., e.g. <b class="b3">πρωΐ-καρπος</b> <b class="b2">with early fruit</b>, comp. <b class="b3">πρωϊκαρπό-τερος</b> (s. Strömberg Theophrastea 162 f.).<br />Derivatives: Besides <b class="b3">πρωί</b> (Il.), Att. <b class="b3">πρῴ</b> (<b class="b3">πρῳ̃</b>, <b class="b3">πρῶϊ</b>) <b class="b2">early, in the morning</b>. -- Comp. forms: <b class="b3">πρωΐ-</b> (<b class="b3">πρῴ-)τερος</b>, <b class="b3">-τατος</b>, usu. (after <b class="b3">παλαί-τερος</b> a.o.), <b class="b3">-αίτερος</b>, <b class="b3">-αίτατος</b> (IA.). Other derivv.: <b class="b3">πρώϊος</b>, <b class="b3">πρῳ̃ος</b> [[at an early time]] (Ο 470), <b class="b3">πρωΐα</b> f. [[early time]], [[morning]] (Aristeas, NT; after <b class="b3">ὀψία</b>); for it youngatt. <b class="b3">πρώ-ϊμος</b> (X., Arist., pap. a. inscr.; Arbenz 76: <b class="b3">ὄψιμος</b>; also <b class="b3">πρό-ϊμος</b> after <b class="b3">πρό</b>); hell. <b class="b3">-ϊνός</b> (Chantraine Form. 200f.); <b class="b3">πρωϊζά</b> Adv. [[the day before yesterday]] (Β 303, to <b class="b3">πρώην</b> after <b class="b3">χθιζά</b>), <b class="b2">very early</b> (Theoc. 18, 9; to <b class="b3">πρωΐ</b>); <b class="b3">πρωΐθεν</b> [[from early in the morning]] (LXX).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [814] <b class="b2">*pro</b> <b class="b2">early, in the morning</b><br />Etymology: Both <b class="b3">πρώην</b> and <b class="b3">πρωΐ</b> presuppose an adv. <b class="b3">*πρώ</b>, which agrees with OHG [[fruo]] [[early in the morning]] and is confirmed by Skt. <b class="b2">prā-tár</b> <b class="b2">early, in the morning</b>. Formally identical also Lat. [[prō]] [[for]], [[before]], Av. [[frā]] [[forward]], [[in front]] beside [[fra]] = <b class="b3">πρό</b> (s.v.). -- As example of <b class="b3">πρώην</b>, <b class="b3">-αν</b> may have served frozen acc. like <b class="b3">δήν</b>, <b class="b3">δάν</b>, <b class="b3">πλήν</b>, <b class="b3">πλάν</b>, <b class="b3">ἀκμήν</b>, unless one sees in these an old adj. in fem. acc.; <b class="b3">πρῴην</b> after <b class="b3">πρῴ</b>. Thus <b class="b3">πρω-ΐ</b> after locatives like <b class="b3">ἦρι</b>, <b class="b3">πέρυσι</b>, <b class="b3">ἀντί</b>; basic forms as <b class="b3">*πρωϜαν</b>, <b class="b3">*πρωϜιαν</b>, <b class="b3">*πρωϜι</b> (thus still Mezger Word 2, 231) are unnecessary and cannot be subtsantiated. To <b class="b3">πρωΐ</b> the adjective <b class="b3">πρώϊ-ος</b> (= OHG [[fruoi]] [[früh]]'; so [[fruo]] = <b class="b3">πρωΐ</b>?), which, taken as <b class="b3">πρώ-ϊος</b> , induced <b class="b3">πρώ-ϊμος</b>, <b class="b3">-ινός</b> (s. ab.). -- Further details in Schwyzer 621 f. and 461; older lit. in Bq and WP. 2, 36 (Pok. 814).