περισσός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. περιττός, ή, όν, (from <b class="b3">περί</b>, as <b class="b3">ἔπισσαι</b> from <b class="b3">ἐπί, μέτασσαι</b> from <b class="b3">μετά</b>) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[beyond the regular number]] or [[size]], [[prodigious]], δῶρα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>399</span> (never in Hom.); μος <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>458.3; <b class="b3">στάθμα</b>, dub.sens., v. [[ἕλκω]] B. 3. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">out of the common, extraordinary, strange</b>, <b class="b3">ἔ τι περισσὸν εἰδείη</b> if he has any [[signal]] knowledge, <span class="bibl">Thgn.769</span>; <b class="b3">εἴ τι φρονεῖς καί τι περισσὸν ἔχεις</b> Philisc.(<span class="title">PLG</span>2.327); π. λόγος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 841</span>; ἄγρα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1197</span>(lyr.); πάθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>791</span> (lyr.); βίος οὐδὲν ἔχων π. ἀλλὰ πάντα σμικρά <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.51</span>; οὐ γὰρ π. οὐδὲν οὐδ' ἔξω λόγου πέπονθας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>437</span>; περισσότερα παθήματα <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.4.5</span>; τὰ π. τῶν ἔργων καὶ τερατώδη <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.77</span>; <b class="b3">ἴδια καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.15.145</span> ; π. καὶ θαυμαστά <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1141b6</span> ; <b class="b3">πρᾶξις π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1312a27</span> ; οὐθὲν δὴ λέγοντες π. φαίνονταί τι λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1053b3</span> ; <b class="b3">τί π. ποιεῖτε</b>; <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>5.47</span>; περιττοτάτη φύσις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>531a9</span> ; <b class="b3">συνανθρωπίζον… πάντων περισσότατον</b>, of the dog, <span class="bibl">Ath.13.611c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Clearch.24</span> ; in Literature, [[striking]], <b class="b3">τὸ περιττόν</b>, as a quality of <b class="b3">οἱ τοῦ Σωκράτους λόγοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1265a11</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ σοφὰ καὶ τὰ π</b>. [[refinements]], <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>409</span> ; opp. <b class="b3">κοινὸς καὶ δημώδης</b>, Longin.40.2 (but also, [[elaborate]], π. καὶ πεποιημένος Id.3.4 ; in bad sense, <b class="b2">far-fetched</b>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Dem.</span>56</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[extraordinary]], [[remarkable]], esp. for great learning, π. ὢν ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span> 948</span> ; τοὺς… π. καί τι πράσσοντας πλέον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>788</span>; <b class="b3">δυστυχεῖς εἶναι τοὺς π</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>983a2</span> ; π. γένος τῶν μελιττῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>760a4</span> : freq. with the manner added, π. κατὰ φιλοσοφίαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>953a10</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ τὸν ἄλλον βίον περιττότερος</b> [[somewhat extravagant]] or [[eccentric]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1267</span> <span class="bibl">b24</span>; <b class="b3">τῇ φύσει π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>622b6</span>; κάλλει <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Demetr.</span>2</span>; ἐν ἅπασι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Dem.</span> 3</span>; τὴν ὥραν <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.12</span> : c. inf., <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">περισσὸς ἄλλων πρός τι</b> [[beyond]] others in... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>155</span>; <b class="b3">θύσει τοῦδε περισσότερα</b> <b class="b2">greater things than</b> this, <span class="title">AP</span>6.321 (Leon.Alex.); περιττότερος προφήτου <b class="b2">one greater than…</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>11.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">more than sufficient, superfluous</b>, αἱ π. δαπάναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.6.6</span>; <b class="b3">περιττὸν ἔχειν</b> to have [[a surplus]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>7.6.31</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μὲν… περιττὰ ἔχουσιν, οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ τὰ ἀναγκαῖα</b>… <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Oec.</span>20.1</span> : c. gen., <b class="b3">τῶν ἀρκούντων περιττά</b> [[more than]] sufficient, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 8.2.21</span>; τὰ π. τῶν ἱκανῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hier.</span>1.19</span> : freq. in military sense, <b class="b3">οἱ π. ἱππεῖς</b> the [[reserve]] horse, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>8.14</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τῆς φυλακῆς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">7.7</span>; <b class="b3">π. σκηναί</b> [[spare]] tents, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.6.12</span> (but <b class="b3">τοῖς περιττοῖς χρήσεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">their superior numbers</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>4.8.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.20</span>); <b class="b3">τὸ π</b>. the [[surplus]], [[residue]], Inscr. ap. eund.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>5.3.13</span> (but <b class="b3">τὸ π. τοῦ Ἰουδαίου</b> the [[advantage]] of the Jew, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>3.1</span>); <b class="b3">Ἁρπυιῶν τὰ π</b>. their [[leavings]], AP11.239 (Lucill.); <b class="b3">τὸ π. τῆς ἡμέρας</b> the [[remainder]] of the day, <span class="bibl">X.Eph.1.3</span>; <b class="b3">π. γράμματα</b> [[supplementary]] provisions in a will, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>326ii9</span> (ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in bad sense, [[superfluous]], [[useless]], <b class="b3">οὐδέ τι τοῦ παντὸς κενεὸν πέλει οὐδὲ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Emp.13</span> ; <b class="b3">μόχθος π</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>385</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>780</span>; π. κἀνόνητα σώματα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>758</span>; βάρος π. γῆς ἀναστρωφώμενοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>945</span>; ἄχθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1241</span> (lyr.); τὰ γὰρ π. πανταχοῦ λυπήρ' ἔπη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>82</span>; αὐδῶ σε μὴ περισσὰ κηρύσσειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1048</span>; π. πάντες οὑν μέσῳ λόγοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>819</span>; π. φωνῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>459</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[excessive]], [[extravagant]], <b class="b3">μηχανᾶσθαι περισσά</b> commit [[extravagances]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.32</span> ; <b class="b3">περισσὰ δρᾶν, πράσσειν</b>, to be [[over]]-busy, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>617</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>68</span>; <b class="b3">π. φρονεῖν</b> to be [[over]]-wise, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>924</span> (anap.); ἡ π. αὕτη ἐπιμέλεια τοῦ σώματος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>407b</span>; <b class="b3">μῆκος πολὺ λόγων π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 645c</span>; [[redundant]], [[overdone]], οἱ καρτεροὶ καὶ π. λόγοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ax.</span>365c</span>, etc.; of dress, <b class="b3">ἐσθὴς π</b>. Plu.2.615d; περισσοτέρα λύπη <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>2.7</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ τὰ δέοντ' ἔχειν περιττὰ μισῶ</b> I hate [[extravagance]] in comparison with moderation, <span class="bibl">Alex.254</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of persons, <b class="b2">over-wise, over-curious</b>, περισσὸς καὶ φρονῶν μέγα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>445</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>429</span>(lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁ πολυπράγμων καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Plb.9.1.4</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν περὶ τὸ σῶμα θεραπείαν ἀκριβὴς καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>8</span>; so, of speakers, π. ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Δημοσθένης <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.119</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> as a term of praise, [[subtle]], [[acute]], ἀκριβὴς καὶ π. διάνοια <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span> 141b13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Arith., <b class="b3">ἀριθμὸς π</b>. an [[odd]], [[uneven]] number, opp. <b class="b3">ἄρτιος</b>, <span class="bibl">Epich.170.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Philol.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>356e</span>, etc.; π. ἡμέραι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span> 4.61</span> ; <b class="b3">τὸ π. καὶ τὸ ἄρτιον</b> the nature of [[odd]] and even, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>451c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. χῶραι</b> the [[odd]] places in a verse, <span class="bibl">Heph.5.1</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀρτιάκις π. ἀριθμός</b> a number divisible by an odd number an even number of times, as <span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">6</span>, <span class="bibl">10</span>, <span class="bibl">Euc.7</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>9. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">περισσότεροι</b> <b class="b2">more in number, extra</b>, Carnead. ap. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>9.140</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">περιττόν, τό,</b> = [[στρύχνος μανικός, θρύον]] <span class="bibl">11</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.11.6</span>; περισσόν Dsc.4.73; περίσκον <span class="bibl">Orib.12.8.56</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Adv. <b class="b3">περισσῶς</b> [[extraordinarily]], [[exceedingly]], θεοσεβέεες π. ἐόντες <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.37</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπαινέσεται π</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1197</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">π. παῖδας ἐκδιδάσκεσθαι</b> to have them educated [[overmuch]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>295</span>; <b class="b3">περιττοτέρως τῶν ἄλλων</b> [[far above]] all others, <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.44</span>; περισσότερον τοῦ ἑνός <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Pr.Im.</span>14</span>; also περισσά <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.43</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>579</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[remarkably]], <b class="b3">περισσότερον τῶν ἄλλων θάψαι τινά</b> [[more sumptuously]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.129</span> ; οἴκησις π. ἐσκευασμένη <span class="bibl">Plb.1.29.7</span>; <b class="b3">περιττότατα ἔχειν</b> to be [[most remarkable]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>589a31</span> ; κοσμουμένη π. καὶ σεμνῶς Plu.2.145e; <b class="b3">περισσότατα ἀνθρώπων θρησκεύειν</b> [[in the most singular way]], <span class="bibl">D.C.37.17</span>; <b class="b3">ἡδέως καὶ π</b>. [[in an uncommon manner]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>3</span>; <b class="b3">εἰπεῖν στρογγύλως καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Is.</span>20</span> ; <b class="b3">ἰδίως καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Thes.</span>19</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ καινῶς ἱστορούμενα καὶ π</b>. Id.2.30d. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[abundantly]], ἐχέτω π. τῆς κρόκης <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.41</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> with a neg., <b class="b3">οὐδὲν περισσὸν τούτων</b> nothing [[more than]] or [[beyond]] these, <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.4.6</span> ; οὐδὲν τῶν ἄλλων περιττότερον πραγματεύεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>20c</span> ; <b class="b3">οὐδὲν π. ἢ εἰ</b>… no [[otherwise]] than if... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span> 219c</span>; <b class="b3">περισσόν</b> alone, [[furthermore]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ec.</span>12.12</span>,al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> τὰ περισσά [[in vain]], AP12.182 (Strat.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">ἐκ περιττοῦ</b> [[superfluously]], [[uselessly]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>338c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>265e</span> ; but <b class="b3">ὑπερέχειν ἐκ π</b>. to be [[far]] superior, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>734d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">802d</span> ; <b class="b3">ἡ κάμινος ἐκαύθη ἐκ π</b>. Thd.<span class="title">Da.</span>3.22; ἐκ π. χρησάμενος τῇ παρρησίᾳ Luc.<b class="b2">Pro Merc.Cond</b>.13; cf. [[ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ]].</span>