σκεῦος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εος, τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[vessel]] or [[implement of any kind]], in sg., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>402</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.128</span>; in dual, σκεύη δύο χρησίμω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>983</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>596b</span>; and in pl., <b class="b3">κλῖναι καὶ . . τἆλλα σκεύη</b> ib.<span class="bibl">373a</span>, al.:—but the pl. is freq. used in a collective sense, <b class="b2">all that belongs to a complete outfit, house-gear, utensils, chattels</b>, opp. live-stock and fixtures, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span> 1318</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.19.31</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">σ. γεωργικά</b> farming [[implements]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>552</span>; <b class="b3">ἱερὰ σ</b>. sacred <b class="b2">vessels and implements</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.13</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>12.313.20; a druggist's [[stores]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.17.3</span>; <b class="b3">σ. τὰ ἐπιτράπεζα</b> table-[[furniture]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lap.</span>42</span>; military [[accoutrements]], [[equipment]], <b class="b3">τὰ περὶ τὸ σῶμα σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.6.31</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ τῶν ἵππων σ</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.55</span>; [[baggage]] of an army, and, generally, [[baggage]], [[luggage]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>12</span>, <span class="bibl">15</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.13.6</span>; <b class="b3">ὄνοι αὐτοῖς σκεύεσι</b> [[packs]] and all, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.17</span>; [[tackle]], [[gear]] of ships, [[naval stores]], etc., <span class="title">IG</span>12.74.14, 22.1611.10, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>117d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">La.</span>183e</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>8.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Ath.</span>46.1</span>; σ. τριηρικά <span class="bibl">D.47.19</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ σκέα</b> ( σκεύη) τοῦ πλοίου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>4.437.2</span> (iii B.C.) (so, collectively, in sg., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>27.17</span>): various kinds of <b class="b3">σκεύη</b> catalogued by Pollux (<span class="bibl">10</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[inanimate object]], [[thing]], opp. <b class="b3">ζῷον, σῶμα</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>601d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>506d</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ὄργανον</b>, <span class="bibl">Democr. 159</span>; Protagoras gave the name of <b class="b3">σκεύη</b> to neut. nouns, ἄρρενα καὶ θήλεα καὶ σκεύη <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1407b8</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπηρετικὸν σ</b>. a subordinate <b class="b2">person, a mere tool</b> or [[chattel]], <span class="bibl">Plb.13.5.7</span>; σ. ἀγχίνουν καὶ πολυχρόνιον <span class="bibl">Id.15.25.1</span>: in <span class="title">NT</span>, in good sense, <b class="b3">σ. ἐκλογῆς</b> a chosen [[instrument]], of Paul, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>9.15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">τὸ σ</b>. the [[body]], as the [[vessel]] of the soul, a metaph. clearly expressed in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>4.7</span>, <b class="b3">ἔχομεν δὲ τὸν θησαυρὸν τοῦτον ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν</b>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Thess.</span>4.4</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Pet.</span> 3.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> = [[αἰδοῖον]], <span class="title">APl.</span>4.243 (Antist.), <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>17.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[sarcophagus]], Jahresh.26 <span class="title">Beibl.</span>13 (Ephesus, ii A.D.).</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[vessel]], [[device]], mostly pl. <b class="b2">house-, ship-equipment, weapon, armour, luggage</b> (IA.).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">σκευο-φόρος</b> <b class="b2">carrying luggage, luggage-carrier</b> (IA.), <b class="b3">σκευ-ωρός</b> <b class="b2">luggage-watcher</b> (Cratin.) with <b class="b3">-ωρέομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ωρέω</b>, <b class="b3">-ωρία</b>, <b class="b3">-ώρημα</b> <b class="b2">to look after, through the luggage, to instigate (slyly)</b> (D., Arist. etc.), later also <b class="b3">σκαιωρέομαι</b> etc. (after <b class="b3">σκαιός</b>); as 2. member in <b class="b3">ἀ-σκευής</b> [[without equipment]] (Hdt.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">σκευή</b> f. [[armour]], [[clothing]], [[wear]] (IA.); as 2. member e.g. <b class="b3">ὁμό-σκευος</b> <b class="b2">with equal armour</b> (Th.); to this very often w. prefix: <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-σκευή</b> a.o. as backformations to <b class="b3">παρα-σκευάζω</b> etc. (cf. below). -- Diminut.: <b class="b3">σκευ-άριον</b> n. [[small device]] (Ar. a. o.), [[simple wear]] (Pl. Alc. 1, 113e), <b class="b3">-ύφιον</b> n. [[small device]] (Lyd.). -- Secondary formation: <b class="b3">σκευ-άζω</b>, <b class="b3">-άζομαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">σκευ-άσαι</b>, <b class="b3">-άσασθαι</b>, very often w. prefix, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b> etc. in diff. shades of meaning, <b class="b2">to equip, to arm, to dress, to prepare etc.</b> (IA. since h. Merc.); from there, mostly to the prefixcompp., <b class="b3">σκεύ-ασις</b>, <b class="b3">-άσιμος</b>, <b class="b3">-ασία</b>, <b class="b3">-ασμα</b>, <b class="b3">-αστός</b>, <b class="b3">-αστής</b>, <b class="b3">-αστι-κός</b>; also <b class="b3">παρασκευ-ή</b> etc. (s. above). Denominative <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-σκευ-όω</b> ( : <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-σκευή</b>) = <b class="b3">-ἀζω</b> (Argos, Crete, Delphi a. o.), <b class="b3">σκευοῦσθαι</b> = <b class="b3">ἑτοιμάζεσθαι</b> H.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [950] <b class="b2">*(s)keu-</b> <b class="b2">prepare(?)</b><br />Etymology: The nouns <b class="b3">σκεῦος</b>, <b class="b3">-ή</b> (for <b class="b3">*σκεῦσος</b>, <b class="b3">-σά</b> because of the retained <b class="b3">ευ-</b>diphthongs?; cf. Schwyzer 348 Zus. 4) look like primary formations and presuppose as such the former existence of a primary verb, approx. <b class="b3">*σκεῦ[σ]-σαι</b>, <b class="b3">*σκεύ[σ</b>]-ι̯<b class="b3">ω</b>, which must have been replaced by the second., denomin. or deverbat., <b class="b3">σκευ-άζω</b>. -- Expression of every-day language, prob. inherited, but without convincing etymology. Hypotheses by Prellwitz (to Lith. <b class="b2">šáu-ju</b>, <b class="b2">-ti</b> [[shut]], [[scove]], Russ. <b class="b2">sovátь</b> [[shove]], [[sting]], [[push]], OHG [[sciozan]] [[shut]] a. o.; cf. Vasmer s. v.); by Zupitza Germ. Gutt. 122 (to OWNo. [[høyja]], OE [[hēgan]] [[carry out]], Slav., e.g. OCS <b class="b2">prě-kutiti</b> [[adorn]]; cf. Vasmer s. <b class="b2">kutítь</b>). WP. 2, 546, Pok. 950f. Older lit. in Curtius 169.