ὀλισθάνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(also ὀλισθ-αίνω <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>936a15</span>, <span class="bibl">939a26</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.377</span>, etc., but never in good Att.): fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὀλισθήσω <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Pr.</span> 14.19</span>, <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>36.458</span> : pf. ὠλίσθηκα <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>57</span>, <span class="bibl">65</span> : plpf. <b class="b3">ὠλισθήκειν</b> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.1</span>) : aor. ὠλίσθησα <span class="title">AP</span>9.125, Str.<span class="title">Chr.</span>4.8 (p.476 Kr.), etc. ; 3pl. ὠλίσθησαν Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>74.51 (codd. Ath., <b class="b3">ὠλίσθηναν</b> cj. Schn.) ; part. fem. ὀλισθήνασα Id.<span class="title">Al.</span>89: but in classical Att. always aor. 2 <b class="b3">ὤλισθον</b>, part. <b class="b3">ὀλισθών</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ὀλισθεῖν</b> (Hom. only in Il., in Ep. 3sg. <b class="b3">ὄλισθε</b>, v. infr.) :—<b class="b2">slip, fall upon a slippery path</b>, ἔνθ' Αἴας μὲν ὄλισθε θέων <span class="bibl">Il.23.774</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐκ δέ οἱ ἧπαρ ὄλισθεν</b> his liver <b class="b2">fell from</b> him, <span class="bibl">20.470</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐξ ἀντύγων ὤλισθε</b> <b class="b2">he slipped</b> from... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>746</span> ; ὀ. τῆς χειρὸς ὁ σίδηρος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mech.</span> 854a19</span> ; νηὸς ὀλισθών <span class="title">AP</span>9.267 (Phil.) ; <b class="b3">ὐ. εἴσω, ἔξω</b>, of a bone, [[slip out of the socket]] on one side or the other, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Fract.</span>14</span>,<span class="bibl">37</span> ; θαυμαστὰ γὰρ τὸ τόξον ὡς ὀλισθάνει <b class="b2">slips, loses its force</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>960</span> : metaph., ὀ. εἰς νοῦσον <span class="title">AP</span>7.233 (Apollonid.); ἐς Ἅιδου <span class="title">IG</span>14.1642 ; in moral sense, <b class="b2">make a slip</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>690</span> ; in literary sense, εἰς τερατώδεις ὀ. ἀναπλασμούς Metrod.<span class="title">Herc.</span>831.5. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[slip]] or <b class="b2">glide along</b>, ὀ. ἐν τῷ λάβδα ἡ γλῶττα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>427b</span> ; βέλος διὰ σαρκὸς ὄλισθεν <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.230</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> causal, <b class="b2">sprain by slipping</b>, ὠλισθήκει τὸν γλουτόν Philostr.<b class="b2">V A</b>3.39, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Gym.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">make to slip</b>, τὰς διανοίας <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Si.</span>3.24</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to slide, to slip, to glide</b> (Att.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-αίνω</b> (Arist., hell.), aor. <b class="b3">ὀλισθ-εῖν</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">-ῆσαι</b> (Hp., hell.), <b class="b3">-ῆναι</b> (Nic.), 2. sg. <b class="b3">ὤλισθας</b> (epigr. Ia--Ip), fut. <b class="b3">ὀλισθήσω</b> (hell.), perf. <b class="b3">ὠλίσθηκα</b> (Hp.).<br />Compounds: Often with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. Verbal subst.: <b class="b3">ὀλίσθ-ημα</b> n. [[fall]], [[sprain]] (Hp., Pl.), <b class="b3">-ησις</b> (also <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>) f. [[slipping]], [[spraining]] (medic., Plu.); on the meaning-difference between <b class="b3">ὀλίσθ-ημα</b> and <b class="b3">-ησις</b> Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 138; backformation <b class="b3">ὄλισθος</b> m. [[lubricity]] (Hp., hell.), also name of a slippery fish (Opp.; Strömberg Fischnamen 28). 2. Verbal adj.: <b class="b3">ὀλισθ-ηρός</b> <b class="b2">slippery,</b> (Pi., IA), <b class="b3">-ήεις</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP; poet. formation cf. Schwyzer 527), <b class="b3">-ανωτέρα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (nom. f. sg.; Gal,; rather from <b class="b3">ὀλισθάνω</b> than with Thumb IF 14, 346 f. from <b class="b3">ὄλισθος</b>), <b class="b3">ὀλισθός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hdn. Gr. 1, 147; prob. first to <b class="b3">ὄλισθος</b> w. accentshift), <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> <b class="b2">making slippery</b> (Hp.). -- On its own stands <b class="b3">ὀλισθράζω</b> = <b class="b3">ὀλισθάνω</b> (Epich., Hp. ap. Gal. 19, 126) as if from <b class="b3">*ὄλισθρος</b>, cf. <b class="b3">ὀλιβ(ρ)άξαι</b> from <b class="b3">ὀλιβρός</b> (s.v.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [960] <b class="b2">*s(h₃)lidʰ-</b> [[glide]]<br />Etymology: The themat. root-aorist <b class="b3">ὀλισθεῖν</b>, from which all other forms derive, direct or indirectly, and whose function as aorist was perh. connected with the rise of the present in <b class="b3">-άνω</b> (to which later <b class="b3">-αίνω</b>; Schwyzer 748 with Brugmann Grundr.2 II: 3, 365), recalls <b class="b3">-δαρθεῖν</b> (: <b class="b3">δαρ-θάνω</b>), <b class="b3">αἰσθέσθαι</b> ( : <b class="b3">αἰσθάνομαι</b>) and can like this contain an enlarging IE <b class="b2">dh-</b>element with Gr. <b class="b3">σθ</b> from <b class="b2">dh-dh</b>. As source of <b class="b3">σθ</b> however, also IE <b class="b2">dh-t</b> can be considered, with <b class="b3">βλαστεῖν</b> ( : <b class="b3">βλαστάνω</b>), <b class="b3">ἁμαρτεῖν</b> ( : <b class="b3">ἁμαρτάνω</b>) as parallel (Schwyzer 703f.). -- Orig.. <b class="b3">*ὀλιθ-</b>, with prothet. <b class="b3">ὀ-</b> can well be sompared with a verb for [[glide]], [[shove]] in Germ. and Balt., e.g. OE [[slīdan]] (NEngl. [[slide]]), MHG [[slīten]], Lith. <b class="b2">slýs-ti</b>, pret. <b class="b2">slýd-au</b> (with second. [[y]] beside <b class="b2">slidùs</b> [[smooth]], [[slippery]]). Here further isolated nouns in Slav. and Celt.: OCS <b class="b2">slědъ</b>, Russ. [[sled]] m. [[trace]] (IE <b class="b2">*sloidh-o-</b>), NIr. [[slaod]] <b class="b2">gliding mass</b> (formation unclear). Also the not certainly interpreted Skt. <b class="b2">srédhati</b> about <b class="b2">stumble, make a mistake</b> may belong here. When we analyse as <b class="b2">sli-dh-</b> (cf. Benveniste Origines 192) also <b class="b3">ὀλιβρόν</b> etc. may be connected, s. v. Furher forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 960f., Vasmer s. [[sled]], Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">slidùs</b>. S. also 1. <b class="b3">λοῖσθος</b>.