ἀργός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), ή, όν, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[shining]], [[glistening]], of a goose, <span class="bibl">Od.15.161</span>; of a sleek, well-fed ox, <span class="bibl">Il.23.30</span>; in Hom. mostly in the phrase <b class="b3">πόδας ἀργοί</b>, of hounds, <b class="b2">swift-footed</b>, because all swift motion causes a kind of glancing or flickering light, <span class="bibl">18.578</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.11</span>, etc.; κύνες ἀργοί <span class="bibl">Il. 1.50</span>, <span class="bibl">18.283</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.S.4.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Corn.<span class="title">ND</span>16</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[white]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>149a7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> parox. as pr. n., <b class="b3">Ἄργος, ὁ,</b> name of a dog, <b class="b2">Swift-foot</b>, <span class="bibl">Od. 17.292</span>: also of the herdsman <span class="title">Argus</span> (i.e. <b class="b2">bright-eyed</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>567</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>305</span>) who was so called from his eyes being ever open and [[bright]]. (By dissimilation from <b class="b3">*ἀργρός</b>, cf. Skt. <b class="b2">ṛjrá-</b>, = (<span class="bibl">1</span>) [[shining]], (<span class="bibl">2</span>) [[swift]], Vedic pr. n. <b class="b2">[Rnull ]ji-śvan-</b>, lit. = [[possessing]] <b class="b3">κύνες ἀργοί</b>.) </span><br /><span class="bld">ἀργός</span> (B), όν, later ή, όν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1167a11</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mete.</span>352a13</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">Lap.</span>27</span>, <span class="bibl">Ath.Mech.12.11</span>, etc.: (contr. from <b class="b3">ἀεργός</b>):—prop. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[not working the ground]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.6</span>; [[idle]], [[lazy]], opp. <b class="b3">ἐργάτις</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>53</span>, etc.; γαστέρες ἀ. <span class="bibl">Epimenid.1</span>; ἀ. ἐπιθυμίαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>572e</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. τὴν διάνοιαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">458a</span>; τὸ πρὸς ἅπαν ξυνετὸν ἐπὶ πᾶν ἀ. <span class="bibl">Th.3.82</span>; <b class="b3">ἂν ἀ. ᾖ</b> if he have [[no trade]], <span class="bibl">Antiph.123.3</span>; πότερον ἀνθρώπου οὐδέν ἐστιν [ἔργον] ἀλλ' ἀργὸν πέφυκεν; <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1097b30</span>: c. gen. rei, [[idle at]] a thing, [[free from]] it, <b class="b3">τῶν οἴκοθεν</b> [[from]] domestic toils, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1000</span>; πόνων σφοδρῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>835d</span>; <b class="b3">γυναῖκας ἀργοὺς ταλασίας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">806a</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. αἰσχρῶν</b> [[slow to]] evil, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>411</span>; ἀργότεραι ἐς τὸ δρᾶν τι <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>; ἀ. περί τι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 966d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of things, δόρυ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1387</span>; of money, <b class="b2">lying idle, yielding no return</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐνεργός</b>, <span class="bibl">D.27.7</span> and 20; of land, [[lying fallow]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.132</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.2.19</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.12.2</span>; opp. <b class="b3">πεφυτευμένος</b>, <span class="title">IG</span>7.2226<span class="title">B</span> (Thisbe, iii A.D.); διατριβὴ ἀ. <b class="b2">in which nothing is done, fruitless</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ra.</span>1498</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.44</span>; χρόνον ἀργὸν διάγειν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cor.</span>31</span>. Adv. ἀργῶς, ἐπιμέλεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.4.7</span>; ἔχειν <span class="bibl">D.6.3</span>: Comp. and Sup. <b class="b3">ἀργότερον, -ότατα</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>15.6</span> and <span class="bibl">1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἀ. λόγος</b>, name of a [[sophism]], <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.2.277</span>, cf.Plu.2.574e. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Pass.,[[unwrought]], <b class="b3">ἁρμός, κυμάτιον</b>, <span class="title">IG</span>1.322b23,59; πυροὶ ἀ. <b class="b2">unprepared for eating</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>13</span>; ἄργυρος <span class="bibl">Paus.3.12.3</span>; <b class="b3">βύρσαι</b> [[undressed]] hides, Ath.Mech. l.c.; [[unpolished]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Lap.</span>27</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">not done, left undone</b>, κοὐκ ἦν ἔτ' οὐδὲν ἀ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1605</span>; ἓν δ' ἐστὶν ἡμῖν ἀ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>766</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἐν ἀργοῖς</b> not among [[things neglected]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>287</span>; τὰ μὲν προβέβηκεν ἀμήχανόν ἐστι γενέσθαι ἀργά <span class="bibl">Thgn.584</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[unattempted]], μάχη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>272a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Astrol., <b class="b3">τόπος ἀ</b>., name of the <span class="bibl">8t</span>h of the <span class="bibl">12</span> 'houses', <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>128</span>, Paul.Al.<span class="title">M.</span>4; πλανήτης <span class="bibl">Plot.2.3.3</span>; ζῴδιον <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>5.15</span>.</span>

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[shining white]], also [[quick]], [[mobile]] (Il.).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[podako]] \/[[podargos]]\/? name of a cow; [[tomako]] \/[[stomargos]]\/? (s. [[στόμα]]); [[tumako]] \/[[thumargos]]\/ ?<br />Compounds: First member <b class="b3">ἀργι-</b> in <b class="b3">ἀργί-πους</b>, <b class="b3">ἀργι-κέραυνος</b>, <b class="b3">ἀργι-όδων</b> etc., cf. Sktd. <b class="b2">r̥ji-</b> in <b class="b2">r̥ji-pyá-</b> (s. <b class="b3">αἰγυπιός</b>). <b class="b3">ἀργιλίπης</b> s.v. For <b class="b3">ἀργιόπους· ἀετός</b>, <b class="b3">Μακεδόνες</b> read <b class="b3">ἀργίπους</b>. As last member cf. <b class="b3">πόδαργος</b> <b class="b2">with quick feet</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀργᾶς</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶ</b> m. (Achae.), <b class="b3">ἀργόλας</b> m. (Suid.), type of snake. PN with regular accent shift <b class="b3">Ἄργος</b> m. (Od.; [[quick]], the dog of Odysseus) and <b class="b3">Ἀργώ</b> f. [[the quick]], name of the mythical ship (Od.). <b class="b3">ἀργήεις</b> s.s.v. [[ἀργής]]. On <b class="b3">ἀργι-</b> (s. comp.) <b class="b3">ἀργινόεις</b> (Β 647, 656); from here <b class="b3">Ἀργινοῦσσαι</b>. A neutr. s-stem in <b class="b3">ἐν-αργής</b> and in: 1. <b class="b3">ἀργεσ-τής</b> m. epithet of the southwind (<b class="b3">νότος</b>, Il.), and the westwind (<b class="b3">Ζέφυρος</b>, Hes.) [[clear]], also as name of the wind (with regular acc. shift) <b class="b3">Ἀργέστης</b> (Arist.); just for <b class="b3">ἀργής</b> Nic. Th. 592; 2. <b class="b3">ἀργεννός</b> < <b class="b3">*ἀργεσ-νός</b> [[shining white]], an Aeolic form (Il.). On the t-stem [[ἀργής]] s.v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [64] <b class="b2">*h₂rǵ-</b> [[white]]<br />Etymology: Agrees with Skt. <b class="b2">r̥jrá-</b>, which points to <b class="b2">*h₂rǵ-ro-</b> > <b class="b3">*ἀργρος</b>, which by dissimilation became <b class="b3">ἀργός</b>; <b class="b3">ἀργι-</b> agrees with Skt. <b class="b2">r̥ji-</b> ([[i]] : [[ro]] from a Caland-system). The root <b class="b2">*-h₂(e)rǵ-</b> is found in several languages: Lat. [[argentum]] (s. <b class="b3">ἄργυρος</b>), Skt. <b class="b2">árjuna-</b> [[white]], [[light]], Toch. A [[ārki]], B [[arkwi]] [[white]], Hitt. <b class="b2">h̯arkiš</b> [[white]], [[hell]]. It is generally assumed that the meaning [[white]] and [[quick]] have the same source. S. <b class="b3">ἄργεμον</b>, <b class="b3">ἀργής</b>, <b class="b3">ἄργυρος</b><br />2.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[idle]], [[lazy]] (Hdt.).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Contraction of <b class="b3">ἀ-(Ϝ)εργός</b> (Il.), with <b class="b3">α</b> privativum and <b class="b3">(Ϝ)έργον</b>.