ὄχος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, (ϝέχω) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[carriage]], used by Hom. in heterocl. neut. pl. <b class="b3">ὄχεα, τά</b>, even of a single [[chariot]], ἐξ ὀχέων <span class="bibl">Il.4.419</span>, etc. (so <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>4.13</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>9.11</span>); and in poet. dat. ὄχεσφι, -φιν, σὺν ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφι <span class="bibl">Il.4.297</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.28</span>, <span class="bibl">107</span>, etc.: later also in masc. pl., ἐπὶ χρυσέοισιν ὄχοισιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 19</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπ' εὐκύκλοις ὄχοις</b>, of the Scythian wagons, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>710</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Andr.</span>1019</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>676</span>, al.: also in sg., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.24</span> (in poet. form ὄκχοσ, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1070</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.124</span>, <span class="bibl">Critias 2.3</span>: periphr., <b class="b3">ἁρμάτων ὄχος</b> or <b class="b3">ὄχοι</b>, = [[ὄχημα]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1166</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>370</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1190</span>; <b class="b3">ὄ. ταχυήρης</b>, of a ship, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>32</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τρόχαλοι ὄχοι</b> the swift or round [[bearers]] of the chariot, i.e. the wheels, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>146</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">anything which holds</b>, <b class="b3">λιμένες νηῶν ὄχοι</b> [[roadsteads]] for ships, [[harbours]], <span class="bibl">Od.5.404</span>, <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>1200</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> νεῦρα τῆς ὑστέρης τὰ καλεόμενα ὄχοι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>2.204</span> (v.l. [[ὄσχοι]]); cf. ὀχεύς <span class="bibl">1.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> perh. = [[ὀχετός, μισθωτοῖς τοὺς ὄ. ἀνακαθάρασι τοὺς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ]] <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).203 <span class="title">A</span> 33 (Delos, iii B. C.).</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. (Pi. O. 6, 24 [<b class="b3">ὄκχος</b>, s.u.], Hdt., A. usw.),<br />Meaning: [[cart]], [[carriage]], [[vehicle]] (Pi. O. 6, 24 [<b class="b3">ὄκχος</b>, s.b.], Hdt., A.).<br />Other forms: often pl. <b class="b3">-οι</b> (h. Cer.), <b class="b3">ὄχεα</b>, <b class="b3">-εσφι</b> n. pl. (Hom., Pi.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1118] <b class="b2">*u̯eǵʰ-</b> [[move]], [[drive]]<br />Etymology: Old verbal noun to <b class="b3">Ϝέχω</b> [[carry somewhere]] (s. 2. <b class="b3">ἔχω</b>), <b class="b3">ὀχέομαι</b> [[drive]], so for <b class="b3">*Ϝόχος</b> (on the loss of the <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b> in Hom. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 125) and identical wit Slav., e.g. OCS [[vozъ]] m. [[wagon]], IE <b class="b2">*u̯óǵho-s</b>. The in an <b class="b3">σ-</b>stem epected <b class="b3">ε-</b>vowel is preserved in <b class="b3">ἔχεσφι ἅρμασιν</b> H.; <b class="b3">ὄχεα</b> after <b class="b3">ὄχος</b>, <b class="b3">ὀχέομαι</b> (cf. on <b class="b3">ὄρος</b>). With <b class="b3">*Ϝέχος</b> (and [F]<b class="b3">όχεα</b>) agrees (except for the vowel length) Skt. <b class="b2">vā́has-</b> n. [[vessel]] (metaph. for the song of praise); beside <b class="b2">vāhá-</b> m. <b class="b2">draught-animal</b>, also [[vessel]], Av. <b class="b2">vāza-</b> m. <b class="b2">draught-animal</b> (: <b class="b3">ὄχο-ς</b>). A <b class="b2">n-</b>derivation with the same meaning was formed in the West, Celt., e.g. OIr. [[fēn]] <b class="b2">kind of wagon</b> (IE <b class="b2">*u̯egh-no-</b>), Germ. e.g. OHG [[wagan]] [[Wagen]] (IE <b class="b2">*u̯oǵh-no-</b>). Diff. again Lat. <b class="b2">vehi-culum</b> n. [[vessel]], Skt. <b class="b2">vahi-tra-</b> n. [[ship]] with <b class="b2">tlo-</b>suffix; thus <b class="b3">ὄχε-τλα ὀχήματα</b> H., which may have dissimilated <b class="b3">-θλα</b> (Schwyzer 533). The geminate in <b class="b3">ὄκχος</b>, <b class="b3">ὀκχέω</b> (Pi.) is unexplained; hypotheses in Schwyzer 717 n. 4 and Meillet BSL 26, 15 f. -- Further forms w. rich lit. WP. 1, 249f., Pok. 1118ff., W.-Hofmann s. [[vehō]], Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">vèžti</b>; see also Porzig Gliederung 120, 158 a. 170 (cf. the critical remarks by Humbach Gnomon 30, 622). -- Cf. [[ὀχέω]], [[ὄχλος]], <b class="b3">γαιάοχος</b>.