βαρύς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εῖα, ύ, poet. gen. pl. fem. <b class="b3">βαρεῶν</b> dub. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>932</span> (anap.): Comp. <b class="b3">βαρύτερος</b>, Sup. <b class="b3">βαρύτατος</b>:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[heavy in weight]], <b class="b3">β. ἀείρεσθαι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κοῦφος</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.150</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>152d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>310b25</span>, etc.: in Hom. mostly with collat. notion of [[strength and force]], χεῖρα βαρεῖαν <span class="bibl">Il.1.219</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">89</span>; ἀκμᾷ βαρύς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).51</span>; β. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mac.</span>14</span>; of athletes, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>31</span>; <b class="b3">ὀφρύς</b> [[bushy]], ib.<span class="bibl">48</span>; but also, <b class="b2">heavy with age, infirmity</b> or [[suffering]], νόσῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>235</span>; σὺν γήρᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>17</span>; ἐν γήρᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1017</span>; ὑπὸ γήρως <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>9.1</span>; ὑπὸ τῆς μέθης Plu.2.596a; [[pregnant]], PGoodsp.Cair.15.15 (iv A. D.); β. βάσις [[heavy]], [[slow]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>966</span>; τυπάδι βαρείᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>844</span>. Adv. κοῦφον βαρέως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>189d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">heavy to bear, grievous</b>, <b class="b3">ἄτη, ἔρις, κακότης</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.111</span>, <span class="bibl">20.55</span>, <span class="bibl">10.72</span>; Κλῶθες <span class="bibl">Od.7.197</span>; κῆρες <span class="bibl">Il.21.548</span>; β. κὴρ τὸ μὴ πιθέσθαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>206</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">βαρὺ</b> or <b class="b3">βαρέα στενάχειν</b> sob [[heavily]], <span class="bibl">Od.8.95</span>,<span class="bibl">534</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.8.334</span>, etc.: in Trag. and Prose, [[burdensome]], [[grievous]], [[oppressive]], <b class="b3">β. ξυμφορά, τύχαι, καταλλαγαί</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>1044</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>332</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">767</span> (lyr.), etc.; ἡδονή <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1204</span>; ἀγγελία β. ἢν ἐν τοῖς βαρύτατ' ἂν ἐνέγκαιμι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>43c</span>; πόλεμος <span class="bibl">D.18.241</span>; βαρὺ κοὐχὶ δίκαιον <span class="bibl">Id.21.66</span>; νόσος [[causing disgust]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1330</span>; <b class="b3">αὐδά, ἠχώ</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">208</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>791</span>; [[unwholesome]], χωρίον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.6.12</span>; πλησμονή <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>7.4</span>; [[indigestible]], <span class="bibl">Ath.3.115e</span>; β. νότος <span class="bibl">Paus.10.17.11</span>. Adv. <b class="b3">-έως, φέρειν τι</b> take a thing [[ill]], suffer it [[impatiently]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.19</span>; β. φέρειν ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">Plb.15.1.1</span> (but <b class="b3">β. φέρειν</b> bear [[with dignity]], <span class="bibl">D.S.26.3</span>); <b class="b3">β. ἔχειν</b>, c. part, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.Al.</span> 1424b5</span>; πρός τι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1311b9</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖς λογίοις</b> Arg.E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>: Comp. βαρυτέρως τινὶ ἐναντιωθῆναι <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">3 Ma.</span>3.1</span>; <b class="b3">βαρέως ἀκούειν</b> hear [[with disgust]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.1.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[violent]], ὀργή <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>368</span>; μῆνις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1328</span>; ἀπέχθειαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>23a</span> (Sup.); θυμός <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.96</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[weighty]], [[grave]], ἐπιστολαί <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>10.10</span>; αἰτιώματα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>25.7</span>; τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>23.23</span>; [[ample]], βαρυτάτην εὐδαιμονίαν τοῖς ἀρχομένοις παρέξειν <span class="bibl">Hdn.2.14.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of persons, [[severe]], [[stern]], β. ἐπιτιμητής <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pr.</span>77</span>; εὔθυνος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>828</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>546</span>; Κύπρι βαρεῖα <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.100</span>; [[wearisome]], [[troublesome]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>894</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>210c</span>, etc.; ξύνοικος <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>415</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>753</span>; γείτονες <span class="bibl">Plb.1.10.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[overbearing]], σεμνότεροι ἢ βαρύτεροι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1391a27</span> (but σεμνὸς καὶ β. <span class="bibl">Str.14.1.42</span>); ὑπερήφανοι καὶ β. Plu.2.279c; [[important]], [[powerful]], πόλις <span class="bibl">Plb.1.17.5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of soldiers, <b class="b2">heavy-armed</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.37</span> (s.v.l.); of the ὁπλίτης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>833b</span> (Comp.); τὰ β. τῶν ὅπλων <span class="bibl">Plb.1.76.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[difficult]], ὅρκος γὰρ οὐδεὶς ἀνδρὶ φηλήτῃ β. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>933</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of impressions on the senses, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of sound, [[strong]], [[deep]], [[bass]], opp. to <b class="b3">ὀξύς</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.257</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>208</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>332c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1125a14</span>, etc.; βαρὺ ἀμβόασον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 572</span> (lyr.); φθέγγονται βαρύτατον ἀνθρώπων Hp.Aër.15; <b class="b3">βαρύτατα ὑπακούειν</b>, of diseases, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.39</span>; πενθεῖν <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>12.1</span>; esp. of musical pitch, [[low]], opp. ὀξύς, βαρυτάτη χορδή <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>268e</span>; <b class="b3">ἆχος, φωνά</b>, Archyt. I, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span>1235a28</span>, <span class="bibl">Aristox.<span class="title">Harm.</span>p.3</span> M.; of accent, [[grave]], ἀντὶ ὀξείας τῆς μέσης συλλαβῆς βαρεῖαν ἐφθεγξάμεθα <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cra.</span>399b</span>; ὀξείᾳ καὶ βαρείᾳ καὶ μέσῃ φωνῇ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1403b30</span>, etc.: hence <b class="b3">ἡ βαρεῖα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">προσῳδία</b>) [[accentus gravis]], <span class="bibl">D.T.630.1</span>, etc.; β. τάσις <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>11</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>307.13</span>; β. τόνος <span class="bibl">D.T.674.13</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span> 36.5</span>; β. συλλαβή [[unaccented]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Synt.</span>100.8</span>, al. Adv. βαρέως [[with the accent thrown back]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pron.</span>51.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Ath.2.53b</span>: Comp.<b class="b3">-ύτερον</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὀξύτερον</b> (ου) opp. <b class="b3">οὗ</b>), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">SE</span>178a3</span> (but, [[on a lower note]], αὐλεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span> 788a22</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of smell, [[strong]], [[offensive]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.119</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> Adv. <b class="b3">βαρέως</b> [[slowly]], ἐπισπᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Aut.</span>26.6</span>. (<b class="b2">guṛr-u-</b> from <b class="b2">gu[rmacr ]ṛ-u-</b>, Skt. [[gurús]] 'heavy', Lat. [[gravis]] (from fem. <b class="b2">gur[schwa]wī-</b>), Goth. [[kaúrus]] 'heavy'.)</span>