δοῦλος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[slave]], [[servant]], also as adj. with the comp. <b class="b3">δουλότερος</b> (Hdt.); <b class="b3">δούλη</b> f. <b class="b2">slave-woman, maid</b> (Il.); on the extension E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 74f.<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">δῶλος</b> Cret.;<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. <b class="b2">do-e-ro</b>, <b class="b2">do-e-ra \/dohelos</b>, <b class="b2">dohela\/</b><br />Compounds: many subst. and adj. compp.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">δουλίς</b> f. (Hyp.; cf. Schwyzer 127 and 465) with <b class="b3">δουλίδιον</b> (H.), <b class="b3">δουλάριον</b> (Ar.). - <b class="b3">δουλοσύνη</b> [[servanthood]] (Ion., Od.; vgl. Porzig Satzinhalte 226) with <b class="b3">δουλόσυνος</b> (E. Hek. 448 [lyr.]); s. Frisk Eranos 43, 220. - <b class="b3">δούλιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ειος</b> <b class="b2">slavish, of a servant</b> (Hom.), <b class="b3">δούλεος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (A. R.), <b class="b3">δουλικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Att. etc.), <b class="b3">δουλικά</b> (<b class="b3">σώματα</b>) n. pl. [[slaves]] (Peripl. M. Rubr., Pap.). - Denomin. <b class="b3">δουλεύω</b> [[be slave]], [[serve]] (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">δουλεία</b>, ion. <b class="b3">-ηΐη</b> [[servanthood]], <b class="b3">δούλευμα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (trag.; s. Chantr. Form. 186), <b class="b3">δουλεύτρια</b> [[female servant]] (Eust.); <b class="b3">δουλόομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> [[be made servant]] (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">δούλωσις</b> (Th.) and <b class="b3">δουλωτικός</b> (Plu.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: The forms point to <b class="b3">*δόελος</b>, prob. from <b class="b3">*δοhελος</b>. One adduces: <b class="b3">δοῦλος ἡ οἰκία</b>, <b class="b3">η την ἐπὶ τὸ αὑτὸ συνέλευσιν τῶν γυναικῶν</b> H. (unclear <b class="b3">δωλοδομεῖς οἰκογενεῖς</b>; wrong Schulze Q. 95 A. 3); the word has been changed in <b class="b3">δοῦμος</b> (Latte after Wackernagel; aigainst the word order), but there is no conclusion. The word is in any case a loan, acc. to Lambertz Glotta 6, 1ff. from Carian or Lydian (thus Benveniste Rev. d. ét. lat. 10, 438f.); Risch, Kratylos 29 (1984) 96f. remarks that then the word would have appeared much later (than Myc), but it could as well be Pre-Greek. Neumann (FS Risch)1986, 489-496) started from <b class="b2">*dm̥-sel-o-</b> > <b class="b2">*doh-elo-</b>, with <b class="b2">sel-</b> the root of <b class="b3">ἑλεῖν</b>. But <b class="b2">home-taken</b> does not give the right meaning (while Fr. [[domestique]] is perfect), and for [[o]] < <b class="b2">*m̥</b> in Attica etc. he gives only <b class="b3">ὄπατρος</b> as example.