κείρω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">cut (off), shave, esp. of hair, mow off, cut down, ravage</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">κεῖραι</b>, ep. also <b class="b3">κέρσαι</b>, pass. <b class="b3">καρῆναι</b> (<b class="b3">καρθέντες</b> with v. l. <b class="b3">κερθέντες</b> Pi. P. 4, 82), fut. <b class="b3">κερέω</b>, <b class="b3">κερῶ</b>, perf. pass. <b class="b3">κέκαρμαι</b>, new act. <b class="b3">κέκαρκα</b> (hell.),<br />Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>. Comp. <b class="b3">ἀ-κερσε-κόμης</b> [[with uncut hair]] (Υ 39), also <b class="b3">ἀ-κειρε-κόμας</b>, <b class="b3">-ης</b> (Pi.); on the form Schwyzer 442, on the meaning Fink Philol. 93, 404ff.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">κέρμα</b> n. <b class="b2">cut off piece, esp. small piece of money, change</b> (Emp. 101, 1 [not quite certain], Com., hell.) with <b class="b3">κερμάτιον</b> (hell.) and <b class="b3">κερματίζω</b> [[change in small money]] (Att., Arist.); from it <b class="b3">κερματιστής</b> <b class="b2">money-changer</b> (Ev. Jo. 2. 14), <b class="b3">κερματισμός</b> [[cut into little bits]] (Olymp.); <b class="b3">κερματόομαι</b> = <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b> (Procl.). - 2. <b class="b3">κορμός</b> m. <b class="b2">cut off piece, bobbin, trunk</b> (ψ 196) with <b class="b3">κορμίον</b> (hell.), <b class="b3">κορμηδόν</b> [[in pieces]] (Hld.), <b class="b3">κορμάζω</b> [[saw into pieces]] (D. H.). - 3. <b class="b3">κουρα</b> s. v. 4. [[καρτός]] s. v. - Cf. also <b class="b3">κόρση</b>, <b class="b3">κόρις</b>, <b class="b3">κέρτομος</b>, 2. <b class="b3">κέλωρ</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [938] <b class="b2">*ker-</b> [[cut]]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">κείρω</b> from <b class="b3">*κερ-ι̯ω</b> (Schwyzer 715, 751, 759), belongs to a widespread IE. wordgroup; but exact agreements of the Greek verb forms. Nearest is Arm. [[k]][[erem]] [[scratch]], [[shave]] (sec. aorist [[k]]<b class="b2">ere-c̣i</b>; diff. Meillet BSL 37, 12), Alb. <b class="b2">sh-kjer</b> [[tear apart]] (pret. ><b class="b2">sh-kora</b> < IE. <b class="b2">*kēr-</b>); further Hitt. [[karšmi]] [[cut off]] (with <b class="b2">s-</b>enlargement as in <b class="b3">κουρά</b>; s. v.). Frequent are forms with initial <b class="b2">*sk-</b>: Germ., OHG [[sceran]] [[scheren]], Lith. <b class="b2">skiriù</b>, <b class="b2">skìrti</b> [[separate]], OIr. <b class="b2">scar(a)im</b> [[separate]]. A <b class="b2">t-</b>enlargement in Skt. <b class="b2">kr̥-n-t-áti</b> [[separates]] (infixed nasal present; perf. <b class="b2">ca-kart-a</b>); this would be possible for the aorist <b class="b3">ἔκερσα</b> (if < <b class="b3">*ἔ-κερτ-σα</b>, Risch 219). - The number of nominal derivv. in the separate languages is enormous, partly parallel innoavtions. Thus formal agreement exists between <b class="b3">κέρμα</b> and Skt. <b class="b2">cárman-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">čarǝman-</b> n. [[skin]], [[hide]], OPr. [[kērmens]] m. [[body]] (IE. <b class="b2">*kér-men-</b>); diff. only in ablaut betwen <b class="b3">κορμός</b> and OCS [[krъma]] f. <b class="b2">steering oar, back part of the ship</b>, Russ. <b class="b2">kormá</b> [[puppis]]. - Further Pok. 938ff., W.-Hofmann s. [[carō]], [[cēna]], [[corium]].