ὄνος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ and ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[ass]], once in Hom., <span class="bibl">Il.11.558</span> ; then in <span class="title">IG</span>12.40.12, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.135</span>, etc., cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>580b3</span> ; <b class="b3">ὄνοι οἱ τὰ κέρεα ἔχοντες</b>, together with a number of fabulous animals, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.191</span>,<span class="bibl">192</span> ; ὄ. μονοκέρατος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>499b19</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PA</span>663a23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>3.41</span> :—freq. in provs.: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">ὄνος λύρας</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἀκούων</b>), of one who can make nothing of music, <span class="bibl">Men. 527</span>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mis.</span>18</span>, cf. Varroap.Gell.3.16.13, <span class="bibl">Diogenian.7.33</span> ; expld. in <span class="bibl">Apostol.12.91a</span>, <b class="b3">ὄ. λύρας ἤκουε καὶ σάλπιγγος ὗς</b>; <b class="b3">ὄ. κάθηται</b>, of one who sits down when caught in the game of <b class="b3">ὀστρακίνδα</b>, <span class="bibl">Poll.9.106</span>, <span class="bibl">112</span> ; the two provs. combined by <span class="bibl">Cratin. 229</span> <b class="b3">ὄνοι δ' ἀπωτέρω κάθηνται τῆς λύρας</b>, cf. [[κιθαρίζω]]. <b class="b3">ὅνος λύρας ἀκούει κινῶν τά ᾧτα</b>,  a donkey hears the lyre and wiggles its ears (said of the insensitive). Lucian, Against the Ignorant Book Collector 4.1 </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">περὶ ὄνου σκιᾶς</b> for an <b class="b2">ass's</b> shadow, i.e. for a trifle, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>191</span>(v. Sch.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>260c</span> ; ταῦτα πάντ' ὄνου σκιά <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Fr.</span>331</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ὄνου πόκαι</b> or <b class="b3">πόκες</b>, v. [[πόκος]] <span class="bibl">11</span> ; <b class="b3">ὄνον κείρεις</b>, of those who attempt the impossible, <span class="bibl">Zen.5.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἀπ' ὄνου καταπεσεῖν</b>, of one who gets into a scrape by his own clumsiness. with a pun on <b class="b3">ἀπὸ νοῦ πεσεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1273</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>701d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ὄνος ὕεται</b> [[an ass]] in the rain, of being unmoved by what is said or done, <span class="bibl">Cratin.52</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cephisod.1</span> ; ὄνῳ τις ἔλεγε μῦθον, ὁ δὲ τὰ ὦτα ἐκίνει <span class="bibl">Diogenian.7.30</span> ; ὄ. εἰς Ἀθήνας Macar.<span class="title">Prov.</span>6.31. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">ὄ. ἄγω μυστήρια</b>, i.e my part is to carry burdens, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>159</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">ὄνων ὑβριστότερος</b>, of wanton behaviour, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.8.3</span> ; κριθώσης ὄνου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>876</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">ὦτ' ὄνου λαβεῖν</b>, like Midas, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>287</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">ὄ. εἰς ἄχυρα</b>, of one who gets what he wants, <span class="bibl">Diogenian.6.91</span> ; <b class="b3">ὄνου γνάθος</b>, of a glutton, ib. <span class="bibl">100</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">10</span> <b class="b3">ὄ. ἐν μελίσσαις</b>, of one who has got into a scrape, <span class="bibl">Crates Com.36</span> ; but <b class="b3">ὄ. ἐν πιθήκοις</b>, of extreme ugliness, <span class="bibl">Men.402.8</span> ; <b class="b3">ὄ. ἐν μύρῳ</b> 'a clown at a feast', Suid. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">11</span> <b class="b3">εἰς ὄνους ἀφ' ἵππων</b>, of one who has come down in the world, <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>34.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Zen.2.33</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> a fish of the cod family, esp. the [[hake]], [[Merluccius vulgaris]], <span class="bibl">Epich. 67</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>599b33</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>326</span>, <span class="bibl">Henioch.3.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>1.151</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">wood-louse</b>, κυλισθεὶς ὥς τις ὄ. ἰσόσπριος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>363</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>557a23</span> (v.l. [[ὀνίοις]]), <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>4.3.6</span>, Hsch.s.v. [[σηνίκη]]; cf. ὀνίσκος <span class="bibl">11</span>, <b class="b3">ἴουλος</b> IV. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[wingless locust]], = [[τρωξαλλίς]], Dsc.2.52. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">ὄνων φάτνη</b> a nebulous appearance between the <b class="b3">ὄνοι</b> (two stars in the breast of the Crab), <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arat.898</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>23</span> (<b class="b3">ἡ τοῦ ὄνου φάτνη</b> ib.<span class="bibl">43</span>,<span class="bibl">51</span>), <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b3">ὄνου πετάλειον</b>, = [[φύλλον ὀνίτιδος]], <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>628</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> from [[the ass as a beast of burden]] the name passed to: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[windlass]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.36</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Fract.</span>31</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mech.</span>853b12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[the upper millstone]] which turned round, ὄ. ἀλέτης <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.5</span> ; also ὄ. ἀλετών <span class="bibl">Alex.13</span>, <span class="bibl">204</span>, cf. Hsch. s.v. [[μύλη]] ; perh. simply, [[millstone]], <span class="bibl">Herod.6.83</span> : Phot. says that Aristotle also calls the [[fixed nether millstone]] <b class="b3">ὄνος</b> (but <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>964b38</span> says, <b class="b3">ὄνου λίθον ἀλοῦντος</b> when [[the millstone]] is grinding stone, as it does when no grist is in the mill). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[beaker]], [[winecup]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>616</span>, <span class="bibl">Posidon.2</span> J. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[spindle]] or [[distaff]], <span class="bibl">Poll.7.32</span>,<span class="bibl">10.125</span>, Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> perh. [[coping]] of a wall, <span class="title">Inscr.Délos</span>372 <span class="title">A</span>158 (iii/ii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VIII</span> <b class="b2">ass's load</b>, as a measure, πυροῦ ὄ. τρεῖς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFay.</span>67.2</span>(i A.D.).</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. f.<br />Meaning: [[ass]], [[female ass]] (Λ 558), often metaph., e.g. <b class="b2">windlass, winch, the upper millstone</b> (<b class="b3">ὄ</b>. <b class="b3">ἀλέτης</b>; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 58), as fishname (after the grey colour or the great head as sign of stupidity?), s. Strömberg 100;<br />Other forms: Myc. <b class="b2">ono \/onos</b>\/.<br />Compounds: Very often as 1. member, a.o. in plantnames as <b class="b3">ὀνο-θήρα</b>, <b class="b3">-κάρδιον</b>, <b class="b3">-πορδον</b> (Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 53f.), <b class="b3">ὄνοσμα</b> (s. Strömberg 138 a. 61); on <b class="b3">ὄνιννος</b> s. v., on <b class="b3">ὄναγρος</b> = <b class="b3">ὄ</b>. <b class="b3">ἄγριος</b> [[wild ass]] Risch IF 59, 286 f.; as 2. member in <b class="b3">ἡμί-ονος</b> f. (m) [[mule]] (Il.), cf. Risch l.c. 22f.<br />Derivatives: 1. Several diminut., partly in metaph. meaning: <b class="b3">ὀν-ίσκος</b> m. (Hp., Ph. Bel.), <b class="b3">-ιον</b> (<b class="b3">-ίον</b>?) n. (pap.), <b class="b3">-ίδιον</b> (Ar.), <b class="b3">-άριον</b> (Diphil. Com.), <b class="b3">-αρίδιον</b> (pap.), <b class="b3">-ύδιν</b> (?; pap. IV p). 2. Other subst.: <b class="b3">ὀνίς</b> f. [[donkey droppings]] (IA.); <b class="b3">ὀνῖτις</b> f. <b class="b2">kind of marjoram, Origanum heracleoticum</b> (Nic., Dsc. Gal.; Redard 75, Andrews ClassPhil. 56, 75f.); <b class="b3">ὀνίας</b> m. [[kind of σκάρος]] (Ath.; on the meatnames in <b class="b3">-ίας</b> Chantraine Form. 94); <b class="b3">ὀνεῖον</b> n. [[donkey stable]] (Suid.). 3. Adj.: <b class="b3">ὄν-ειος</b> [[of a donkey]] (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[belonging to a donkey]] (NT, pap., inscr.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">donkey-like</b> (Arist.). 4. Verb <b class="b3">ὀνεύω</b> <b class="b2">to draw with a windlass, to draw up</b> (Th., Stratt.). On <b class="b3">ὄνωνις</b> s.v.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Foreign word. After Brugmann IF 22, 197ff. (s. Kretschmer Glotta 2, 351) from <b class="b2">*osonos</b> (through <b class="b2">*ohonos</b> > <b class="b2">*hoonos</b> = <b class="b3">ὁ ὄνος</b>[?]) and with Lat. [[asinus]] a loan from a southpontic language; here after B. also Arm. [[ēš]], gen. <b class="b2">iš-oy</b>. One considers also Sumer. [[anšu]] [[ass]] (s. Neumann, IF 69, 61). -- Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 271ff. with important details; further lit. in W.-Hofmann s. [[asinus]]. -- Not to Lat. [[onus]] [[burden]] (thus still Grégoire Byzantion 13, 287ff.), also not to Hebr. <b class="b2">ā̂tōn</b> [[female ass]]. - Prob. a Pre-Greek word.