ἐπίσταμαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">2</span> pers. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> -ασαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>376</span>, <span class="bibl">982</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>629</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>296a</span>, but ἐπίστᾳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.80</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>86</span>, <span class="bibl">581</span>, ἐπίστῃ <span class="bibl">Thgn.1085</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span> 41.19</span> (iii B.C.), Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπίστεαι ἐξ-</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.135</span>; imper. <b class="b3">ἐπίστασο</b> ib. <span class="bibl">29</span>, <span class="bibl">209</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>840</span>, <span class="bibl">967</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>57.4</span> (iii B.C.), etc., but <b class="b3">ἐπίσταο</b> v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.209</span>, contr. ἐπίστω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>658</span>, etc.; subj. Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπιστέωμαι</b> <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.134</span>, Att. ἐπίστωμαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>296a</span>: impf. ἠπιστάμην <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>267</span>, etc.; without augm. ἐπίστατο <span class="bibl">Il.5.60</span>: Hdt. has ἐπ- <span class="bibl">5.42</span> (v.l.<b class="b3">ἠπ-</b>), ἠπ- <span class="bibl">3.139</span>; Ion. 3pl. <b class="b3">ἠπιστέατο</b> or ἐπιστέατο <span class="bibl">8.132</span>: fut. ἐπιστήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.21.320</span>, etc.: aor. 1 ἠπιστήθην <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.15</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>687a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span>. [[know]] how to do, [[be able]] to do, [[capable]] of doing, c.inf., <b class="b3">οὐδέ οἱ ὀστέ'</b> ἐπιστήσονται Ἀχαιοὶ ἀλλέξαι <span class="bibl">Il.21.320</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.13.207</span>, Sapph.70, etc.: Hom. has it both of intellectual power, <b class="b3">ὅς τις ἐπίσταιτο ᾗσι φρεσὶν</b> ἄρτια βάζειν <span class="bibl">Il.14.92</span>; ἐπιστάμεναι σάφα θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Od.4.730</span>; and of artistic skill, ὃς χερσὶν ἐπίστατο δαίδαλα πάντα τεύχειν <span class="bibl">Il.5.60</span>: freq. in Trag. and Att., οὔπω σωφρονεῖν ἐπίστασαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>982</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1032</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 589</span>; πένεσθαι δ' οὐκ ἐ. δόμος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>962</span>; ἐ. . . θεοὺς σέβειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>996</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alc.</span>566</span>; <b class="b3">κιθαρίζειν οὐκ ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>989</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>223d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>420e</span>, al.: without inf., <b class="b3">σῷζ ὅπως ἐπίστασαι</b> as best you [[can]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>376</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span> 581</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. [[to be assured]], [[feel sure]] that... <b class="b3">τοῦτον ἐπίστανται πλεῖστα</b> εἰδέναι <span class="bibl">Heraclit.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.134</span>, <span class="bibl">139</span>, <span class="bibl">6.139</span>, al.: folld. by <b class="b3">ὡς</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.122</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span>. c. acc., [[understand]] a matter, [[know]], [[be versed in]] or [[acquainted with]], πολλὰ δ' ἐπίστατο ἔργα <span class="bibl">Il.23.705</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.2.117</span>; Μουσέων δῶρον <span class="bibl">Archil.1</span>; τὴν τέχνην <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.130</span>; τὸ μέλλον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 373</span>; ἐμπειρίᾳ ἐ. τὴν ναυτικήν <span class="bibl">Th.4.10</span>; τὰς φύσεις ὑμῶν <span class="bibl">Id.7.14</span>; πάσας τὰς δημιουργίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>598c</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγωγε γράμματ' οὐδ' ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Cratin.122</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μὴ ἐ. γράμματα</b> illiteracy, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>73.19</span> (i B.C.), etc.; <b class="b3">ἐ. ἱερατικὰ</b> καὶ Αἰγύπτια γράμματα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span> 291.41</span> (ii A.D.); <b class="b3">ἐ. μύθους τοὺς Αἰσώπου</b> [[know]] them [[by heart]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>61b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>484b</span>: also with an Adv., <b class="b3">Συριστὶ ἐ</b>. [[know]] Syrian, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.31</span>; with acc. and inf. conjoined, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>276</span>; with inf. to expl. the acc., <b class="b3">ἔργον δὲ μοῦνον ἐσθίειν ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Semon.7.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Archil.65</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. after Hom., [[know]] as a fact, [[know]] [[for certain]], ἐπισταμένοισι εὖ οὐκ ἄν τις λέγοι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.8</span>.ά, etc.; used convertibly with <b class="b3">εἰδέναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>163b</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>66b31</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>184a10</span>; even <b class="b3">χάριν ἐ</b>., = [[χάριν εἰδέναι]], <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>8.246c</span>(but sts. <b class="b3">εἰδέναι</b> is general, <b class="b3">ἐπίστασθαι</b> being confined to [[scientific knowledge]] (ἐπιστήμη) <b class="b3">, διὰ τὸ</b> εἰδέναι τὸ ἐπίστασθαι ἐδίωκον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>982b21</span>): freq.strengthd., <b class="b3">εὖ ἐ</b>. Hdt.l.c.; <b class="b3">σαφῶς ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>840</span>, etc.: most freq. c. acc., <b class="b3">τὰ διαφέροντα</b> <b class="b3">ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">And.4.19</span>, etc.; also ἐ. περί τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.60</span>; περὶ θεῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>795.4</span>: folld. by a dependent clause, <b class="b3">τί σφιν χρήσηται ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Thgn. 772</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. ὅτι . .</b>, or <b class="b3">ἐ. τοῦτο, ὅτι . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.3</span>, <span class="bibl">156</span>, etc.; ὡς . . <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>599</span>; τοῦτ' ἐπίστασ', ὡς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1370</span>; ἐ. αὐτὸν οἷς ψωμίζεται <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>715</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. rarely, [[know]] a person, <b class="b3">Ἀρίγνωτον γὰρ οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐκ ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1278</span>, cf. Muson.<span class="title">Fr.</span>3p.12H., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>1</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν Ἰησοῦν γινώσκω</b> <b class="b3">καὶ τὸν Παῦλον ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>19.15</span>; but <b class="b3">ὁ παῖς τοὺς τεκόντας οὐκ ἐ</b>. [[does]] not [[know who]] they [[are]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>51</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span>. c. part., in Prose and Trag., [[know that]] one is, has, etc., εὖ ἐ. αὐτὸς σχήσων <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.42</span>; ἐσθλὸς ὢν ἐπίστασο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1399</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.44</span>; also <b class="b3">ὡς ὧδ' ἐχόντων τῶνδ'</b> ἐ. σε χρή <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>281</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς φανέν γε τοὔπος ὧδ' ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>848</span>: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b3">ἑαυτοὺς Φαυστύλου ἠπιστάμεθα παῖδας</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὄντας</b>) <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Rom.</span>7</span>: c.acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1092</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>53.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span>. pres.part. <b class="b3">ἐπιστάμενος, η, ον</b>, freq. as Adj., [[knowing]], [[understanding]], [[skilful]], <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.14.359</span>; χαλεπὸν ἐ. περ ἐόντι <span class="bibl">Il.19.80</span>; <b class="b3">καὶ μάλ' ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.13.313</span>; even of a dancer's feet, θρέξασκον ἐπισταμένοισι πόδεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.18.599</span>: also c.gen., <b class="b3">φόρμιγγος ἐ. καὶ ἀοιδῆς</b> [[skilled]], [[versed in]] them, <span class="bibl">Od.21.406</span>: and c. dat., ἄκοντι <span class="bibl">Il.15.282</span>: hence, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. Adv. <b class="b3">ἐπιστᾰμένως</b> [[skilfully]], [[expertly]], <span class="bibl">7.317</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>87</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">εὖ καὶ ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.10.265</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.161</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>107</span>; ἐ. πίνειν <span class="bibl">Thgn.212</span>; also in Prose, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.1.3</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>146.7</span>, Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">298.2</span>: c.inf., [[with knowledge]] how to... <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Nat.</span>14.4</span>. (Since <b class="b3">ἐφίστημι τὸν νοῦν</b> is used in the sense of <b class="b3">ἐπίσταμαι</b>, [[attend]], [[observe]], it is prob. that <b class="b3">ἐπίσταμαι</b> is merely an old med. form of <b class="b3">ἐφίστημι</b>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Ph.</span>247b11</span> <b class="b3">τῷ γὰρ ἠρεμῆσαι καὶ στῆναι τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπίστασθαι . . λέγομεν</b>, and v. [[ἐπίστασις]] <span class="bibl">11.2</span>.)</span>