βάτραχος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[<b class="b3">βᾰ], ὁ,</b> <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[frog]], <span class="bibl">Batr.6</span>,<span class="bibl">18</span>,<span class="bibl">59</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.131</span>, etc.: prov., <b class="b3">ὕδωρ πίνειν βάτραχος</b> [[a very frog]] to drink, <span class="bibl">Aristopho10.3</span>; <b class="b3">βατράχοις οἰνοχοεῖν</b>, of those who give what is not wanted, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.70.5</span>; μέλει μοι τῶν τοιούτων ἧττον τῶν ἐν τοῖς τέλμασι β. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Mis.</span>358a</span>; <b class="b3">χλωρὸς β</b>., of the tree-[[frog]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> = [[ἁλιεύς]], a kind of [[fish]], [[fishing-frog]] or [[sea-angler]], [[Lophius piscatorius]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>749a23</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael. <span class="title">NA</span>13.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">frog of a horse's hoof</b>, <span class="bibl">Gp.16.1.9</span>, <span class="title">Hippiatr.</span>8: hence Astron., of the star β Centauri, Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span>8.1. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">ἐσχάρας εἶδος</b>, Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[swelling under the tongue]], <span class="bibl">Aët.8.39</span>.—Dial. forms are cited by Gramm., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> Ion. <b class="b3">βάθρακος</b>, cited from Hdt. (prob.<span class="bibl">4.131</span>) by Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.4.243</span>, <span class="bibl">Eust.1570.11</span>, and found in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>1.124.31</span> (iv/v A. D.); Ion. also βότραχος Hp. ap. Gal.19, βρόταχος <span class="bibl">Xenoph.40</span> (as pr. n., <span class="title">GDI</span>5577,5592). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> βράταχος Hsch. (as pr. n., <span class="title">GDI</span>5727d29). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> Cypr. βρούχετος Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Phoc. <b class="b3">βριαγχόνη</b> Id. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> Pontic <b class="b3">βάβακος</b> Id. Cf. <b class="b3">βύρθακος, βρύτιχος</b>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[frog]] (Hdt.). Also name of a fish [[Lophius piscatorius]] (Arist.), s. Strömberg Fischnamen 92f.).<br />Other forms: Ion. <b class="b3">βάθρακος</b> with normal displacement of aspiration (Schwyzer 269, Lejeune, Phonét. 50); <b class="b3">βότραχος</b> (Hp.) and <b class="b3">βρόταχος</b> (Xenoph. 40, s. Bechtel Dial. 3, 109); <b class="b3">βρατάχους βατράχους</b> H.; - <b class="b3">βρούχετος</b> .. <b class="b3">βάτραχον δε Κύπριοι</b> H. (after <b class="b3">βρυχάομαι</b>?, Schwyzer 182); <b class="b3">βύρθακος βάτραχος</b> H.; <b class="b3">βρύτιχοι βάτραχοι μικροὶ ἔχοντες οὑράς</b> H. (cf. <b class="b3">βρύω</b>?); - <b class="b3">βριαγχόνην βάτραχον</b>. <b class="b3">Φωκεῖς</b> H. (mistake?; for <b class="b3">*βρ(α)τ-αγχ-</b>?); <b class="b3">βρόγχος βάτραχος</b> H. may also be a mistake); still <b class="b3">βλίκανος</b>, <b class="b3">βλίκαρος</b>, <b class="b3">βλίχα(ς</b>) (H., EM, Suid.); <b class="b3">βλίταχος</b> (H.). - <b class="b3">βάβακοι ὑπὸ Ήλείων τέττιγες</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπὸ Ποντικῶν δε βάτραχοι</b> H. (<b class="b3">βαβάζω</b>, s. v.). - Mod. Gr. forms in Hatzidakis Lexikogr. Archiv (Anh. <b class="b3">Ἀθ</b>. 26) 48ff., also G. Meyer IF 6, 107f.<br />Derivatives: Demin. <b class="b3">βατράχιον</b> (Paus.), plant [[Ranunculus]] (Hp., Dsc., cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 119); <b class="b3">βατραχίσκοι μέρος τι τῆς κιθάρας</b> H.; on the suffixes Chantr. Form. 408. - <b class="b3">βατραχίτης</b>, <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> (<b class="b3">λίθος</b>; from the colour; Plin.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 53).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Several variants will be due to folketymology or taboo, and also simple phonetic variation. A priori for all these forms a local, i.e. Pre-Gr. form is to be expected. To this will point the variation <b class="b3">α</b>\/<b class="b3">ο</b>. This holds also for <b class="b3">βαρδακος</b> if this must be read in H. for <b class="b3">βαρακος βάραχος</b> (Fur. 184 A. 2; s. Latte). The form may in origin have been onomat.? (cf. Grošelj, Živa Ant. 6 (1956) 235) <b class="b3">βρατ-αχ-</b>, cf. <b class="b3">βρεκεκεξ</b>. Or even <b class="b2">*brt-ak-</b>, from which the forms with <b class="b3">-υ-</b> might come (<b class="b3">βύρθακος</b>, <b class="b3">βρύτιχος</b>). The desperate forms <b class="b3">βριαγχόνη</b>, <b class="b3">βρόγχος</b> (this form to be read for <b class="b3">βρούχετος</b>?) contain a (misread) prenasalized *(<b class="b3">βρατ)αγχος</b>, which would also point to Pre-Greek. On the <b class="b3">χ-</b>suffix in animal names Specht Ursprung 255. - The forms <b class="b3">βλικ</b>\/<b class="b3">χ-</b> and <b class="b3">βάβακοι</b>, of course, are etymologically unrelated. - For the meaning [[hearth]] Szemerényi, Gnomon 43 (1971) 660 refers to Alb. [[vatre]].