ζεύγνυμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ζεύγνῡσι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>191</span>, (ὑπο-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>309a</span>; 2pl. imper. ζεύγνῠτε <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>33</span> (lyr.); inf. <b class="b3">-ύναι</b> (μετα-) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.21</span>, Ep. ζευγνῦμεν <span class="bibl">Il.16.145</span>; part. ζευγνύς <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.206</span>, <span class="bibl">4.89</span>; impf. 3pl. ἐζεύγνῠσαν <span class="bibl">Id.7.33</span>, Ep. ζεύγν- <span class="bibl">Il.24.783</span>: also ζευγνύω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.205</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.52.4</span>, etc.: impf. ἐζεύγνυον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.89</span> (Ep. <b class="b3">ζεύγν-</b> v.l. <span class="bibl">Il.19.393</span>): fut. ζεύξω <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>1.6</span>, etc.: aor. 1 ἔζευξα <span class="bibl">Od.3.478</span>, etc.: late pf. <b class="b3">ἔζευχα</b> (ἐπ-) <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>2.14</span>:—Med., Ep. impf. 3dual ζευγνύσθην <span class="bibl">Il.24.281</span>, 3pl. ἐζεύγνυντο <span class="bibl">Od.3.492</span>: fut. ζεύξομαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>469</span>(lyr.), etc.: aor. 1 ἐζευξάμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.102</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>901</span> (lyr.):—Pass., fut. <b class="b3">ζευχθήσομαι</b> (δια-) Gal.9.938: aor.1 ἐζεύχθην <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.6</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>842</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>302e</span>: more commonly aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐζύγην [ῠ</b>] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.6</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>822</span> (lyr.), (συ-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>546c</span>: pf. ἔζευγμαι <span class="bibl">Il.18.276</span>: plpf. ἔζευκτο <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.85</span>.—Usu. in aor. Act. in Hom.: the simple Verb is rare in Att. Prose:—[[yoke]], [[put to]], ὑπ' ὄχεσφιν ἵππους <span class="bibl">Il.23.130</span>; ὑφ' ἅρμασιν ἵππους <span class="bibl">24.14</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπ' ἀμάξῃσιν βόας ἡμιόνους τε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">783</span>; κἄζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>462</span>:—Med. (esp. in Od.), <b class="b3">ἵππους ζεύγνυσθαι</b> <b class="b2">put to one's</b> horses, <span class="bibl">Od.3.492</span>, al.: abs., ζευγνύσθην <span class="bibl">Il.24.281</span>; ζεύξομαι ἆρα πώλους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span> 469</span>(lyr.); καμήλους <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.102</span>; of riding horses, [[harness]], [[saddle and bridle]], ζεῦξαι Πάγασον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.64</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>128</span>, <span class="bibl">135</span>; of chariots, [[put to]], [[get ready]], <b class="b3">ζ. ἅρμα, ὄχους</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.65</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1020</span>(lyr.):—Med., τέθριππα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Alc.</span>428</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[bind fast]], ἀσκοὺς δεσμοῖς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.5.10</span>: —Pass., <b class="b3">φάρη… ἐζευγμέναι πόρπαισιν</b> [[having]] them <b class="b2">fastened</b>…, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 317</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> metaph., <b class="b3">πότμῳ ζυγείς</b> [[in the yoke of]] fate, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.6</span>; ζυγεὶς ἐν ἅρμασι πημάτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>795</span>(lyr.); ἀνάγκῃ ζυγείς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1025</span>; <b class="b3">ζεύχθη</b> [[was tamed]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>955</span> (lyr.); θεσφάτοις… ζυγείς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>220</span>; <b class="b3">ὁρκίοισι ζ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>735</span>; μοναρχία ζευχθεῖσα ἐν γράμμασιν ἀγαθοῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>302e</span>: —Med., τόνδ' ἐν ὅρκοις ζεύξομαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1229</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[join together]], <b class="b3">σανίδες… μακραὶ ἐΰξεστοι ἐζευγμέναι</b> [[well-joined]], <span class="bibl">Il.18.276</span> (elsewh. in Hom. only in signf. <span class="bibl">1</span>); <b class="b3">ζεῦξαι ὀδόντας</b>, in setting a fractured jaw, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span> 32</span>; <b class="b3">τὼ πόδε ζευγνύντες</b>, of sculptors who made their statues with [[joined]] feet, <span class="bibl">Hld.3.13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[join in wedlock]], <b class="b3">ἐπειδὰν εὐφρόνη ζεύξῃ μία</b> [[yokes]] her [[in wedlock]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>583.11</span>; of the parents or authors of the marriage, <b class="b3">τίς ταύτην ἔζευξε</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>698</span>; ζ. τὴν θυγατέρα τινί <span class="bibl">App. <span class="title">BC</span>2.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ath.12.554d</span>:—in Med., of the husband, [[wed]], ἄκοιτιν ζεύξασθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>994</span>(lyr.); παρθένειον ἐζεύξω λέχος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>676</span> (so in Act., <b class="b3">γάμοις ἔζευξ' Ἀδράστου παῖδα</b> I [[married]] his daughter, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1366</span>; ὁ Σεμέλην ζεύξας γάμοις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>468</span>):—Pass., to [[be married]], <b class="b3">ἐζευγμένη</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κόρη</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>536</span>; <b class="b3">γάμοις ζευχθῆναι</b> or <b class="b3">ζυγῆναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span> 826</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>907</span>, etc.; ἐν γάμοις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>99</span>; ἐς ἀνδρὸς εὐνάν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>822</span> (lyr.): metaph., ζ. μέλος ἔργμασι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.7</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">I.</span>1.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[join]] opposite banks [[by bridges]], ποταμὸν ζεῦξαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.206</span>; τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον <span class="bibl">Id.7.33</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.2.29</span>; μηχαναῖς ἔζευξεν Ἕλλης πορθμόν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>722</span> (troch.):—also in Med., ζεύγνυσθαι τὸν Βόσπορον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.83</span> (v.l. [[-νύναι]]):—Pass., <span class="bibl">Id.7.6</span>, <span class="bibl">34</span>; διῶρυξ ἐζευγμένη πλοίοις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.5</span>; but also, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> γεφύρας ζεῦξαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.205</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.85</span>, <span class="bibl">118</span>,al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[furnish]] ships <b class="b2">with cross-benches</b> (ζυγόν <span class="bibl">111</span>), <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>76.6</span>; but <b class="b3">ζεύξαντες τὰς παλαιὰς [ναῦς] ὥστε πλωΐμους εἶναι</b> [[having strengthened]] them [[with thwarts]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.29</span>, cf. Sch. ad loc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[pair]] or [[match]] gladiators, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.29.37</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> [[join]] issue at law, in Pass., [δίκαι] ὑπέρ τινος ἐζευγμέναι <span class="title">SIG</span>742.44 (Ephesus, i B.C.). (Cf. Skt. [[yunákti]], pl. [[yuñjánti]] 'yoke', Lat. [[jungo]], [[jugum]].) </span>

|etymtx=-ύω<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[bring under the yoke]], [[unite]] (Il.)<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">ζεῦξαι</b>, pass. <b class="b3">ζυγῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">ζευχθῆναι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ζεύξω</b>, perf. pass. <b class="b3">ἔζευγμαι</b> (Il.), perf. act. <b class="b3">ἔζευχα</b> (Philostr.)<br />Compounds: often with prefix, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">συ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b> a. o.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">ζεῦξις</b> [[yoking]], [[bridging]] (Hdt.), often to prefixcompp., e. g. <b class="b3">σύ-</b>, <b class="b3">διά-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπί-ζευξις</b> (IA). 2. <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-ζυγή</b> etc. (since Va), as simplex only pap. (IV-VIp) meaning [[pair]]. 3. <b class="b3">ζεῦγμα</b> <b class="b2">what is used for joining, bridge of boats, canal-lock etc.</b> (Th., E., Plb.) with <b class="b3">ζευγματικόν</b> <b class="b2">payment for a ship through a canal-lock</b> (pap.). 4. <b class="b3">ζεύγλη</b> [[part of a yoking]] (`yoke-cushion, loop attached to the yoke through which the beasts' heads were put', cf. Delebecque Cheval 60 and 179) etc. (Il.; s. below). 5. [[ζεῦγος]], s. v. 6. [[ζυγόν]], s. v. 7. <b class="b3">-ζυξ</b>, s. <b class="b3">ζυγόν</b>. 8. <b class="b3">ζευκτήριος</b> [[apt for yoking]], [[connecting]], n. [[yoke]] (A.), <b class="b3">ζευκτηρίαι</b> pl. [[ropes two fasten a rudder]] (Act. Ap. 27, 40); later 9. <b class="b3">ζευκτήρ</b> [[connecter]] (J.), f. <b class="b3">-ειρα</b> (Orph.); cf. Chantraine Formation 45, 62f. and below. 10. (<b class="b3">δια-</b> etc.) <b class="b3">ζευκτικός</b> (hell.). 11. <b class="b3">ζευκτός</b> (Str., Plu.; s. below).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [508] <b class="b2">*i̯eug-</b> [[yoke]], [[connect]]<br />Etymology: Bedie the athematic <b class="b3">νυ-</b>present <b class="b3">ζεύγνυμι</b> (with full grade; cf. <b class="b3">δείκνυμι</b>) the other languages have forms with inner nasal, Skt. <b class="b2">yunák-ti</b> [[yokes]], [[connects]] (athem.), Lat. [[iung-ō]] (them.), Lith. <b class="b2">jung-iù</b> (jot pres.) <b class="b2">id.</b>, or nasalless forms, Av. [[yaog-ǝt_]] (3. sg. pret., athem.), <b class="b2">yuǰ-yeite</b> (3. sg., jot pras.). The other Greek forms too show full grade except the aorist <b class="b3">ἐζύγην</b> and the noun <b class="b3">-ζυγη</b>, e.g. the future and the <b class="b3">σ-</b>aorist (s. Schwyzer 751) but also the late nom. ag. <b class="b3">ζευκτήρ</b> (= Sktd. <b class="b2">yoktár-</b>), and the <b class="b3">σι-(τι-</b>)deriv. <b class="b3">ζεῦξις</b> and the late verbal adj. <b class="b3">ζευκτός</b> (against Sktd. (<b class="b2">prá-)yukti-</b>, <b class="b2">yuktá-</b>). - The <b class="b3">λ-</b>deriv. <b class="b3">ζεύγ-λη</b> is not connected with Lat. [[iugulum]] [[clavicle]] and Skt. <b class="b2">yúgalam</b> [[pair]]. S. also [[ζυγόν]].