πάταγος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[πᾰ], ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[clatter]], [[crash]], as of trees falling, <b class="b3">π. δέ τε ἀγνυμενάων</b> (sc. <b class="b3">γίγνεται</b>) <span class="bibl">Il.16.769</span> ; <b class="b3">π. δέ τε γίγνετ' ὀδόντων</b> [[chattering]] of the teeth, <span class="bibl">13.283</span> ; [[plash]] of a body falling into water, <b class="b3">ἐν δ' ἔπεσον μεγάλῳ π</b>. <span class="bibl">21.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.24</span> ; [[rattle]] or [[crash]] of thunder, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 382</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Mu.</span>395a13</span> ; π. ἀνέμων <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>16</span> ; [[rumbling]] caused by flatulence, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>22</span> ; but never of the human voice (exc. in late Greek, <b class="b3">βληχᾶσθαι καὶ κρώζειν ἐν ὑποκρίσει τὸν ἔξηχον π</b>. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Chr.</span>35</span>) : hence <b class="b3">βοῇ καὶ πατάγῳ χρεώμενοι</b> means, with a great shouting and [[clashing]] of arms, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.79</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.211</span> ; π. δορός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>103</span> (lyr.) ; τόξων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>518</span> (lyr.) ; ἀσπίδων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>832</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>539</span> ; π. χύτρειος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lys.</span>329</span> (lyr.). (Onomatop. word.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">noise, roar, cracking produced by clashing, breaking etc.</b> (Il.).<br />Derivatives: Beside it 1. <b class="b3">παταγ-έω</b>, also m. <b class="b3">ἀντι-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">to make noise, to plash, to roar</b> (Alc. [<b class="b3">πατάγεσκε</b>]), <b class="b3">-ή</b> f. (D. P., Longos), <b class="b3">-ημα</b> n. (Men.) = <b class="b3">πάταγος</b>. 2. <b class="b3">πατάσσω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">πατάξαι</b>, also m. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> a.o., [[to knock]], [[to beat]], [[to hurt]] (Il.; in Att. mostly aor. a. fut. act. to pres. <b class="b3">τύπτω</b>; Bloch Suppl. Verba 83ff.). 3. <b class="b3">πατάξ</b> interj. (Ar. Av. 1258; cf. on <b class="b3">εὑράξ</b>). 4. <b class="b3">καπατᾳ̃ κατακόψεις</b>. <b class="b3">Πάφιοι</b> H.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">πάταγ-ος</b> : <b class="b3">-έω</b> several words are to be compared: <b class="b3">κτύπ-ος</b> : <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">ἄραβ-ος</b> : <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">κέλαδ-ος</b> : <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">ῥοῖβδ-ος</b> : <b class="b3">-έω</b> etc.; s. vv. w. lit. It cannot always be distinguished, whether the subst. or the verb is primary or the other way round. The <b class="b3">γ-</b>suffix as in the close <b class="b3">λαλαγή</b>, <b class="b3">σμαραγέω</b> (<b class="b3">Σμάραγος</b>), <b class="b3">οἰμωγή</b> a.o. With <b class="b3">πατάσσω</b> agrees synonymous <b class="b3">ἀράσσω</b>; similar <b class="b3">σπαράσσω</b>, <b class="b3">τινάσσω</b> etc. (Schwyzer 733). Details on the formation in Porzig Satzinhalte 25. -- The onomatop. character of the expressive words is clear; connections outside Greek (Lat. [[quatiō]] a.o.; s. Bq and W.-Hofmann s.v.) do not convince. - Furnée 279 compares <b class="b3">σπαταγγίζειν ταράσσειν</b> H.; the word then may be Pre-Greek.